Table Of Content

Anime Studies Media-Specific Approaches to Neon Genesis Evangelion Edited by José Andrés Santiago Iglesias & Ana Soler Baena Published by Stockholm University Press Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden www.stockholmuniversitypress.se Text © The Author(s) 2021 License CC-BY Funding Institution: Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This book was completed as part of the following project: Exploring new graphic territories from a transdisciplinar perspective. Expanded-field comics, artist hyper-books and contemporary animetic theories (ref. HAR2016-78215-P). Supporting Agency: Universidade de Vigo Note on Romanization The romanization of Japanese words in this volume follows the modified Hepburn system, with macrons indicating prolonged vowels, except in citations where they appear in standard English, in globally established place names (such as Kyoto) and in proper names, for example, of major publishing houses (such as Kodansha). However, personal names are, without exception, indicated in the Western order, given name preceding surname. First published 2021 Cover image credit: Tatiana Lameiro-González, José Andrés Santiago Iglesias Cover designed by Stockholm University Press, Tatiana Lameiro-González and José Andrés Santiago Iglesias Tables (contents): The author(s) Tables (graphic design): Tatiana Lameiro-González The screenshots from Neon Genesis Evangelion (series and movies) are property of © khara, inc. Images from the Animage magazine are property of © Tokuma Shoten. All copyrighted material reproduced under a fair use basis. Stockholm Studies in Media Arts Japan (SMAJ), ISSN: 2004-1292 ISBN (Paperback): 978-91-7635-167-3 ISBN (PDF): 978-91-7635-164-2 ISBN (EPUB): 978-91-7635-165-9 ISBN (Mobi): 978-91-7635-166-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.16993/bbp This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA. This license allows for copying any part of the work for personal and commercial use, providing author attribution is clearly stated. Suggested citation: Santiago Iglesias, J. A. and Soler Baena, A. (Eds.). 2021. Anime Studies: Media-Specific Approaches to Neon Genesis Evangelion. Stockholm: Stockholm University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16993/bbp. License: CC-BY 4.0 To read the free, open access version of this book online, visit https://doi .org/10.16993/bbp or scan this QR code with your mobile device. Stockholm Studies in Media Arts Japan Stockholm Studies in Media Arts Japan (SMAJ, ISSN: 2004-1292) is a peer-reviewed series of monographs and edited volumes published by Stockholm University Press. SMAJ strives to provide a multidisciplinary forum for research on media and arts associated with Japan, prioritizing investigations of forms, formats, materialities and creative practices. The scope of sub- jects is broad, including texts, performances and artefacts of various times and social position in a variety of local and transnational cultures. It is the ambition of SMAJ to place equally high demands on the academic quality of the manuscripts it accepts as those applied by refereed international journals and academic publishers of a similar orientation. SMAJ accepts manuscripts in English. Editorial Board Cecilia Björck, Associate Professor, Music Education & Popular Music, University of Gothenburg, Sweden Irena Hayter, Associate Professor, Japanese Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom Minori Ishida, Professor, Film and Animation Studies, Niigata University, Japan Ylva Lindberg, Professor, School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Sweden Trond Lundemo, Professor, Film Studies, Stockholm University, Sweden Ewa Machotka (Interrim Chairperson), Associate Professor & Docent, Japanese Studies, Stockholm University, Sweden Laura Moretti, Associate Professor, Japanese Studies, Cambridge University, United Kingdom Sharalyn Orbaugh, Professor, Asian Studies, The University of British Columbia, Canada Lukas R.A. Wilde, PostDoc Research Associate, Japanese Studies & Media Theory, Tübingen University, Germany Titles in the series 1. Galbraith, P. W. (2021). The Ethics of Affect: Lines and Life in a Tokyo Neighborhood. Stockholm: Stockholm University Press. DOI: http://doi.org/10.16993/bbn. License: CC-BY 4.0 2. Santiago Iglesias, J. A. & Soler Baena, A. (Eds.). (2021). Anime Studies–Media-Specific Approaches to Neon Genesis Evangelion. Stockholm: Stockholm University Press. DOI: https://doi.org /10.16993/bbp. License: CC-BY 4.0 Peer Review Policies Stockholm University Press ensures that all book publications are peer-reviewed. Each proposal submitted to the Press will be sent to a dedicated Editorial Board of experts in the subject area for evalua- tion. The full manuscript will be reviewed by chapter or as a whole by at least two external and independent experts. A complete description of Stockholm University Press’ peer-review policies can be found on the website: http://www.stockholmuniversity press.se/site/peer-review-policies/ The Editorial Board of Stockholm Studies in Media Arts Japan used an external double-blind peer-review procedure while evaluating this book proposal to maintain the integrity of the authors and the academic merit of the book. The book manuscript was assessed with a sing- le-blind peer-review process. The Board expresses its sincere gratitude towards all researchers involved in this project. The author of the introductory chapter of this book stepped down momentarily from her role as Chair of the Editorial Board during the review process of the book to avoid a conflict of interest. Recognition for reviewers Stockholm University Press and the Editorial Board would like to extend a special thanks to the reviewers who contributed to the process of editing this book. The manuscript was reviewed by the following experts: Toshio Miyake, Associate Professor, Department of Asian and North African Studies, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Italy ORCiD 0000-0002-9078-4288 Joon Yang Kim, Associate Professor, Department of Interdisciplinary Economic Studies, Niigata University, Japan ORCiD 0000-0003-4615-7073 Contents List of Figures and Tables ix Introduction 1 Jaqueline Berndt 1 N ot Just Immobile: Moving Drawings and Visual Synecdoches in Neon Genesis Evangelion 19 José Andrés Santiago Iglesias 2 P lay it Again, Hideaki: Using the Cel Bank in Neon Genesis Evangelion 49 Ida Kirkegaard 3 B eethoven, the Ninth Symphony and Neon Genesis Evangelion: Using Pre-existing Music in Anime 85 Heike Hoffer 4 V oice Actresses Rising: The Multilayered Stardom of Megumi Ogata in the 1990s 111 Minori Ishida 5 O bjecthood at the End of the World: Anime’s Acting and its Ecological Stakes in Neon Genesis Evangelion 135 Stevie Suan 6 Discussing ‘Genre’ in Anime through Neon Genesis Evangelion 181 Manuel Hernández-Pérez 7 T he Making of an Epoch-Making Anime: Understanding the Landmark Status of Neon Genesis Evangelion in Otaku Culture 215 Zoltan Kacsuk 8 M anga Production, Anime Consumption: The Neon Genesis Evangelion Franchise and its Fandom 247 Olga Kopylova 9 C ombinatory Play and Infinite Replay: Underdefined Causality in the Neon Genesis Evangelion Anime Series and Games 297 Selen Çalık Bedir 10 C reating Happy Endings: Yaoi Fanworks as Audience Response to Kaworu and Shinji’s Relationship 327 Jessica Bauwens-Sugimoto Plot Summary of Neon Genesis Evangelion and Analysis of Character Interrelations 353 Tatiana Lameiro-González About the Editors and the Contributors 365 Index 371 List of Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 Off-screen argument between Asuka and Shinji at the beginning of episode 24, consisting of four different shots. © khara, inc. 31 1.2 Asuka in episode 24, having lost her ability to pilot the Eva-02. As she speaks, the sequence is barely animated by means of sectioning. © khara, inc. 32 1.3 In episode 24, the still image depicting the Eva-01 holding Kaworu lasts one minute and five seconds (1’05’’). © khara, inc. 34 1.4 The lift scene in episode 22. © khara, inc. 35 1.5 Six frames from Misato and Kaji’s sexual encounter in episode 20. © khara, inc. 38 1.6 Twelve frames of Shinji’s face intertwined with other materials (from scanned textures to images from previous episodes) in episode 26. © khara, inc. 42 1.7 Scene from episode 26, as Shinji morphs into a sketched version of himself. © khara, inc. 43 1.8 Shinji’s sketched body is suddenly grounded by a drawn line (episode 26). © khara, inc. 44 1.9 Doodling drawings in episode 26. © khara, inc. 45 2.1 The cut of Misato Katsuragi drinking a beer appears for the first time in episode 2. © khara, inc. 68 2.2 The cuts of the NERV technicians turning around are first seen in episode 2. © khara, inc. 69 2.3 Shinji Ikari’s form morphs plasmatically in episode 25. © khara, inc. 72 2.4 The same cut of animation is repurposed in different contexts and with altered dialogue in episode 16. © khara, inc. 73 2.5 Four bank cuts are recycled multiple times with different voice actors reading the same lines in episode 22. © khara, inc. 76