Anglo-Saxon Towers of Lordship PDF
Preview Anglo-Saxon Towers of Lordship
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi Medieval History and Archaeology GeneralEditors JOHNBLAIR HELENAHAMEROW Anglo-Saxon Towers of Lordship OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi MEDIEVAL HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY GeneralEditors JohnBlair HelenaHamerow Thevolumesinthisseriesbringtogetherarchaeological,historical,andvisual methodstooffernewapproachestoaspectsofmedievalsociety,economy, andmaterialculture.Theseriesseekstopresentandinterpretarchaeological evidenceinwaysreadilyaccessibletohistorians,whileprovidingahistorical perspectiveandcontextforthematerialcultureoftheperiod. RECENTLY PUBLISHED IN THISSERIES SILVER,BUTTER,CLOTH MonetaryandSocialEconomiesintheVikingAge EditedbyJaneKershawandGarethWilliams KINGSHIP,SOCIETY,ANDTHECHURCHINANGLO-SAXON YORKSHIRE ThomasPickles ANGLO-SAXONFARMSANDFARMING DebbyBanhamandRosamondFaith THEOPENFIELDSOFENGLAND DavidHall PERCEPTIONSOF THE PREHISTORIC IN ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND Religion,Ritual,andRulershipintheLandscape SarahSemple TREESANDTIMBERINTHEANGLO-SAXONWORLD EditedbyMichaelD.J.BintleyandMichaelG.Shapland VIKINGIDENTITIES ScandinavianJewelleryinEngland JaneF.Kershaw LITURGY,ARCHITECTURE,ANDSACREDPLACES INANGLO-SAXONENGLAND HelenGittos RURALSETTLEMENTSANDSOCIETYINANGLO-SAXONENGLAND HelenaHamerow PARKSINMEDIEVALENGLAND S.A.Mileson OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi ANGLO-SAXON TOWERS OF LORDSHIP MICHAEL G. SHAPLAND 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©MichaelG.Shapland2019 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2019 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018954256 ISBN 978–0–19–880946–3 Printedandboundby CPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi ToFiona,Matilda,andArthur withlove OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi Acknowledgements I first started thinking about the role of churches as defensible buildings in the Anglo-SaxonlandscapeduringmytimeasanundergraduateatUCL,whenmy interestintheperiodwasignitedbyAndrewReynolds’inspiringlecturesonthe early medieval archaeology of Britain. Andrew went on to supervise the PhD thesis on which this book is based (ably assisted by Mark Lake), and has bestoweduponmesuchawealthofhistime,knowledgeandnaturalgenerosity as to profoundly enrich my work as an archaeologist in all the years since. My PhD was examined by John Blair and Kate Giles, which benefited my work out of all proportion to the great cost in effort that this kindness will haveentailed.Iamfortunatetohavespentayearstudyinghistoricbuildingson Kate’sMAcourseinYork,andIcouldhaveaskedneitherforasounderbasisfor all the research I have undertaken since, nor for a nicer or more engaging teacher. Turning to John, it has been a huge source of intellectual satisfaction andreassurancethatIhavebeenabletodrawuponhismasteryofourdiscipline as this book has taken shape, and for his many wise observations on the text. I am additionally gratefulto himfor makingavailable tome asectionfrom his book, Building Anglo-Saxon England, prior to its publication, and for his allowingmetoreproducehisplanofAnglo-SaxonOxford.Alsodeeplyinfluen- tial to my thinking on this subject have been David Stocker for his deep-time perspective and unfailingly contextual approach, Richard Gem for his know- ledge of ecclesiastical architecture, and David Parsons for the insights that first drewmetointerprettower-navesasbuildingsofsecularlordship.Itisamatter ofgreatregretthatIamyettomeetDerekRenninperson,buthehasneverthe- less provided me with such a wealth of detailed comment and expertise over a longcorrespondencethatIcanonlyhopeheispleasedwiththeresult. Camilla Rockwood has been a careful and patient copy-editor, and Cathryn Steele, Anjanadevi Karthikeyan, Helena Hamerow, Christina Wipf Perry, and Stephanie Ireland have been a pleasure to work with as they have guided me through the publication process with OUP. As part of this, three anonymous referees provided invaluable comments and support at an early stage, as part ofwhatcanbeatime-consumingandratherthanklessrole. Ithasbeenoneofthepleasuresofmylifetospendtenyearsengagingsomany interesting people in conversations about topics relevant to this book, and to receive the enormous benefit of their sagacity and practical assistance at every stage in its long gestation. Particular mention must go to Duncan Wright and Mike Bintleyfor their yearsof friendship: Duncan heroically labouredthrough thefirstdraftofthisbook,offeringmanyusefulsuggestions,andMikehasbeen OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi viii Acknowledgements a constant source of expertise on the literature and thought of the period. Another similarly kind enough to check the entire text was Phil James, who also provided both the reconstruction drawingsin the introduction and several of the north arrows used throughout. I have relied heavily upon José Carlos Sánchez Pardo as a corrective to my insularity and ineptitude for languages, as canbeseenmostclearlyhereinChapter5. I have tried to note in the text all those places where I have drawn upon the specific knowledge of particular people, but this should not diminish the sum total of the contribution made by the long, long list of names which follows: Clare Ablett for her photos of Richmond Castle, Mary Alexander for her knowledge of Guildford, Rev. David Baker of East Dean, Luke Barber for his photos of Richmond Castle, Paul Barnwell for his thoughts on Earls Barton, StephenBaxter,AndyBevanforhishelpwithGIS,StuartBrookesforadviceon early medieval warfare, Richard Buckley of ULAS for sending me details of StPeter’sinLeicester,AndyChapmanofMoLAforsendingmeinformationon Radstone, Greg Chuter of East Sussex HER, Patrick Clay of University of LeicesterArchaeologicalServices,PamelaCombesforherthoughtsonHastings, Oliver Creighton for his help with Exeter Castle, Ben Croxford of Kent HER, PhilipDavisforhisinvaluableGatehousewebsiteandforalertingmetoTickhill, Stuart Dean, Alan Dennis of Caistor, Keith Eliot of Gloucester HER, Michael Fradleyforhisthoughtsoncastles,PeterFusinelliofWickham,Rev.StuartFyfe ofMorland,JaneGilbertforherassistancewithmedievalFrench,HelenGittos forherknowledgeofarchitectureandliturgy,MarilynGoddardforGuildford, Susie Green for her skills with computer modelling, Chris Guy of Worcester Cathedral, Paul Hayward, Rosalind Hodge of Jevington, Hadre Jackson of Morland, Richard Kirby of Langford, Michael Hall of St Olave’s, Exeter, Michael Hare for his many engaging conversations, Tom Lambert for his thoughts on Anglo-Saxon royal authority, Kevin and Dianne Leahy for their tremendous hospitality during my survey of Broughton, Tom Licence for his thoughts on the Ramsey Abbey Chronicle, Susan Lisk of Oxfordshire HER, Mr Lord of Hough-on-the-Hill, Terry Manby and Christopher Loveluck for information about Thwing, Toby Martin for his photographs of the Oxford towers,AleksMcClainforherknowledgeofAnglo-Normansculpture,theRev. McInnesofLangford,MikeNorthforhistourofWestMalling,AndyNortonof OxfordArchaeology,ChristopherNortonforhiskindpermissioninlettingme use his plan of York Minster, Sarah Orr of Berkshire HER, David Petts for his theoriesonAnglo-Saxonconceptsoftime,ValerieRamseyerforherknowledge ofItaliantowers,Rev.IanRobinsonofCaistor,Rev.NigelSandsofWickham, DanielSeckerforhisimportantworkonAnglo-Normanchurchtowers,Mhairi- Claire Semple for sending me her thesis on Scottish churches, Tudor Skinner, Michael Smallwood of Wickham, Michael Statham-Fletcher for accompanying metoFingest,RachelStokesforvisitingtheLincolnshireRecordOfficeforme, Isobel Thomson of Hertfordshire HER, Caroline and Clive Tucker for driving OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/11/2018,SPi Acknowledgements ix me around Kent, Derek Turner of Shillington Local History Society, Sophie UngerofSurreyHER,ChrisWebsterofSomersetHER,HelenWellsofLeicester HER,TrevorWhiteforallowingmetosurveyHastingsCastle,AnnWilliamsfor herknowledgeandinterest,andJohnWoodsofClapham. My PhD thesis was undertaken with the critical financial assistance of the AHRC, to whom I extend my deepest thanks, and with the friendship and conviviality of Michelle Baugh, Sue Brunning, Eric Lacey, Hana Lewis, Martin Locker,VickySymons,andTomWilliams. Iamdeeplygratefultomyparents,MaggieandDonShapland,fortheirmany years’ support. My wife Fiona is a wonderful human being, and a constant source of love, patience, and generosity. Finally, I would like to thank Matilda andArthurforshowingnotonewhitofinterestindaddy’s book,insistingthat Iplaywiththeminstead.Ireallywouldn’thavehaditanyotherway.
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