Anglo-American Policy towards the Free French PDF
Preview Anglo-American Policy towards the Free French
ANGLO-AMERICAN POLICY TOWARDS THE FREE FRENCH Anglo-American Policy towards the Free French G. E. Maguire Lecturer in British and American Studies University of Paris XII - Val de Marne in association with PA LGRAVE MACMILLAN First published in Great Britain 1995 by MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world This book is published in the St Antony's Series General editor: Alex Pravda A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-349-39408-1 ISBN 978-0-230-37164-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230371644 First published in the United States of America 1995 by ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC., Scholarly and Reference Division, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 ISBN 978-0-312-12710-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Maguire G. E. Anglo-American policy towards the free French / G. E. Maguire. p. cm. - (SI. Antony's series) "In association with SI. Antony's College, Oxford." Includes bibliographical references and index. I.World War, 1939-1 945-Diplomatic history. 2. France-Foreign relations-Great Britain. 3. Great Britain-Foreign relations -France. 4. United States-Foreign relations-France. 5. France- -Foreign relations-United States. I. Title. II. Series: SI. Antony's series (SI. Martin's Press) D752.M34 1995 940.53'2-dc20 95-11453 CIP © G. E. Maguire 1995 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1995 978-0-333-63239-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WI P 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 This book is lovingly dedicated to the memory of my father Thomas William Maguire, 1930-87 and of my niece Sharon Maureen Ford, 1981-86 Contents Acknowledgements ix 2 De Gaulle in London and the Fonnation of Free France, 1940-42 2 2 Free France and the United States, 1940-42 18 3 Lebanon and Syria 35 4 North Africa, 1940-42 56 5 Unity? 1943-44 75 6 The Anglo-Americans and the Resistance in France 96 7 The Financial Link 115 8 The Provisional Government of France, 1944-45 131 9 'Our Mutual Headache': Churchill, Roosevelt and de Gaulle 154 Notes 170 Bibliography and Manuscript Sources 188 Index 197 vii Acknow ledgements The list of persons and institutions who have assisted me in this research is quite long. To begin with, in Paris, I would like to thank the staff of the Archives Nationales - and particularly the section contemporaine - who gave me numberless special authorisations to consult officially closed papers and private archives. I must also thank the ever helpful staff of the Amer ican Library and the American University Library. I would also like to express gratitude to the staff at the Archives of the Ministry of Defence in Vincennes. Finally, I must give particularly heartfelt thanks to the staff of the archives and library of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at the Quai d'Orsay. I must especially thank the staff of the library who gave me special authorisation to do research there. On the archives side, I am particularly grateful to Pierre Foumie who was ever ready to order docu ments for me at short notice; Catherine Oudin who allowed me to consult the oral archives and Anne-Marie Pannier who let me use her office to listen to cassettes. Finally, I must express my boundless gratitude to Marie Andree Guyot who secured my admittance to the library and helped me in many other ways. In Britain I would like to thank the staffs of Churchill College Archives in Cambridge and the Middle East Centre of St Antony's College, Oxford, as well as that of the Bodleian Library. I must also express my gratitude to Colonel Aylmer who allowed me to consult the Spears Papers. No list would be complete without acknowledging the excellent service of the Public Record Office in Kew. I would also like to thank Dr Michael Hawcroft of Keble College Oxford who arranged for my accomodation there and Lynette Cawthra who was ever indulgent in allowing me to stay at her place in London when I needed to do research. Finally, I certainly cannot forget all the help given me by Fr Philip Whitmore and the priests, nuns and staff of Clergy House at Westminster Cathedral. In the United States I must thank the staffs of the Roosevelt, Eisenhower and Truman Libraries who were very helpful. I must also recognise the assistance I received at the National Archives in Washington and espe cially that of Mr John Taylor in the Military Reference section. The archives of the Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina and the Historical Society of York County in York, Pennsylvania also kindly allowed me access to the Mark Clark and the Jacob Devers Papers respectively. Again, no list of acknowledgements would be complete without an expression of gratitude to one of the world's wonders, the Library of Congress, where IX
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