Table Of Content

Index of Issues: January, pp. 1-190; February, pp. 191-384; March, pp. 385-550; April, pp. 551-724; May, pp. 725-946; June, pp. 947-1196. SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Entries from JOURNAL departments are identified as follows: Case Reports—(CR); Clinical Investigations—(CD; Clinical Concepts and Commentary—(CCC); Correspondence—(CO); Editorial Views—(EV); Educational Material—(EM); Laboratory Investigations—(LD; Laboratory Reports—(LR); Reports of Scientific Meetings—(SM); Review Article—(RA); Special Article—(SA); Web Site—(WS). A lidocaine, ropivacaine, and dyclonine (CI) [Groeben et al.], 423 the Combitude in elective surgery: a report of 200 cases (CD [Gaitini Acetylcholine and acetylcholine receptors et al.], 79 blockade and activation of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcho- comparison of the intubating laryngeal mask airway with the fiber- line receptors by atracurium and laudanosine (LD [Chiodini optic intubation in anticipated difficult airway management et al.], 643 (CI) [Langeron et al.], 968 inhibitory effects of barbiturates on nicotinic acetylcholine recep- distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ma- tors in rat central nervous system neurons (LD [Kamiya et al ], leck], 539 694 distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ra- interaction of edrophonium with muscarinic acetylcholine M, and phael], 539 M, receptors (LD [Tanito et al.], 804 effect of cricoid pressure on the success of endotracheal intubation an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic with a lightwand (CI) [Hodgson et al.], 259 effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LD [Paque- the effect of sevoflurane and desflurane on upper airway reactivity ron et al.], 1074 (CD [Klock et al.], 963 Acid-base equilibrium halothane increases smooth muscle protein phosphatase in airway effect of hypothermia on the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of smooth muscle (LI) |Hanazaki et al.], 129 vecuronium in the isolated perfused rat liver (LI [Beaufort et head extension angle required for direct laryngoscopy with the al.], 270 McCoy laryngoscope blade (CO) [Sugiyama et al.], 939 metabolic acidosis associated with a new formulation of propofol an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Michelsen and Valdes-Murua], (CR) [Badr et al.], 536 938 propofol increases myofilament Ca?~ sensitivity and intracellular pH an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Williams], 938 via activation of Na*-H” exchange in rat ventricular myo- intubating laryngeal mask airway and muscle relaxants: never to- cytes (LI [Kanaya et al.], 1096 gether? (CO) [Edwards et al.], 1151 Acidosis. See Acid-base equilibrium intubating laryngeal mask airway and muscle relaxants: never to- Acromegaly gether? (CO) [var Vlymen et al.], 1151 acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Calder], large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for 1149 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Schmitt et sleep apnea? (CO) [Chou and Wu], 936 al.], 1150 large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for Adenosine triphosphatase difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive gender-based differences in Na-K" adenosine triphosphatase activ- sleep apnea? (CO) [Langeron], 937 ity occur in the microcirculation of the diabetic rat brain (LR) life-threatening upper airway obstruction after tongue base surgery [Sieber et al.], 372 (CR) [Szokol et al.], 532 Adrenergic agents and receptors LTA cannula can facilitate a difficult tracheal intubation (CO) [Fein- epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- gold], 1153 ministered lidocaine in the rat (LD [Hashimoto et al.], 876 mandibular protrusion test for prediction of difficult mask ventila- intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthros- tion (CO) [Takenaka et al.], 935 copy: a dose-response study (CI [Kock et al.], 574 an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic a method to improve a gas leak on mask ventilation in the patient effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LI) [Paque- with a nasogastric tube (CO) [Noguchi et al.], 545 ron et al.], 1074 pharyngolaryngeal morbidity with the laryngeal mask airway in pulmonary vascular effects of propofol at baseline, during elevated spontaneously breathing patients: does size matter? (CI) vasomotor tone, and in response to sympathetic a— and [Grady et al.], 760 {B—adrenoreceptor activation (LI) [Kondo et al.], 815 protective effects of volatile agents against methacholine-induced reduced need for vasopressors in patients receiving aprotinin during bronchoconstriction in rats (LD [Habre et al.], 348 orthotopic liver transplantation (CD [Molenaar et al.], 433 selective lobar-bronchial blocking for pediatric video-assisted tho- rhabdomyolysis following cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment racic surgery (CR) [Takahashi et al.], 170 with enoximone in a patient susceptible to malignant hyper- tracheostomy tube replacement: role of the airway exchange cath- thermia (CR) [Riess et al.], 355 eter (CO) [Kaiser et al.], 718 Aging and age factors transient lingual and glossopharyngeal nerve injury: a complication intramuscular rapacuronium in infants and children: a comparative of cuffed oropharyngeal airway (CO) [Laffon et al.], 719 multicenter study to confirm the efficacy and safety of the a warm air blanket causes intraoperative airway obstruction (CR) age-related tracheal intubating doses of intramuscular rapacu- |Warters et al.], 169 ronium (ORG 9487) in two groups of pediatric subjects (CI) Alfentanil [Denman et al.], 3 assessment of depth of anesthesia and postoperative respiratory nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients recovery after remifentanil- versus alfentanil-based total intra- after surgery (CI) [Stéphan et al.], 407 venous anesthesia in patients undergoing ear-nose-throat sur- Air embolism gery (CD [Wuesten], 211 volume of air in a lethal venous air embolism (CR) [Toung et al.], 360 propofol alters the pharmacokinetics of alfentanil in healthy male Airway exchange catheters volunteers (CI) [Mertens et al.], 949 tracheostomy tube replacement: role of the airway exchange cath- response surface modeling of alfentanil-sevoflurane interaction on eter (CO) [Kaiser et al.], 718 cardiorespiratory control and Bispectral Index (CI [Dahan et Airway management. See a/so Intubation al.], 982 airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine- Allergy and histamine induced bronchospasm by local anesthetics: a comparison of airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine- Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1162 Index of Issues: January, pp. 1-190; February, pp. 191-384; March, pp. 385-550; April, pp. 551-724; May, pp. 725-946; June, pp. 947-1196. SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Entries from JOURNAL departments are identified as follows: Case Reports—(CR); Clinical Investigations—(CD; Clinical Concepts and Commentary—(CCC); Correspondence—(CO); Editorial Views—(EV); Educational Material—(EM); Laboratory Investigations—(LD; Laboratory Reports—(LR); Reports of Scientific Meetings—(SM); Review Article—(RA); Special Article—(SA); Web Site—(WS). A lidocaine, ropivacaine, and dyclonine (CI) [Groeben et al.], 423 the Combitude in elective surgery: a report of 200 cases (CD [Gaitini Acetylcholine and acetylcholine receptors et al.], 79 blockade and activation of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcho- comparison of the intubating laryngeal mask airway with the fiber- line receptors by atracurium and laudanosine (LD [Chiodini optic intubation in anticipated difficult airway management et al.], 643 (CI) [Langeron et al.], 968 inhibitory effects of barbiturates on nicotinic acetylcholine recep- distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ma- tors in rat central nervous system neurons (LD [Kamiya et al ], leck], 539 694 distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ra- interaction of edrophonium with muscarinic acetylcholine M, and phael], 539 M, receptors (LD [Tanito et al.], 804 effect of cricoid pressure on the success of endotracheal intubation an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic with a lightwand (CI) [Hodgson et al.], 259 effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LD [Paque- the effect of sevoflurane and desflurane on upper airway reactivity ron et al.], 1074 (CD [Klock et al.], 963 Acid-base equilibrium halothane increases smooth muscle protein phosphatase in airway effect of hypothermia on the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of smooth muscle (LI) |Hanazaki et al.], 129 vecuronium in the isolated perfused rat liver (LI [Beaufort et head extension angle required for direct laryngoscopy with the al.], 270 McCoy laryngoscope blade (CO) [Sugiyama et al.], 939 metabolic acidosis associated with a new formulation of propofol an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Michelsen and Valdes-Murua], (CR) [Badr et al.], 536 938 propofol increases myofilament Ca?~ sensitivity and intracellular pH an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Williams], 938 via activation of Na*-H” exchange in rat ventricular myo- intubating laryngeal mask airway and muscle relaxants: never to- cytes (LI [Kanaya et al.], 1096 gether? (CO) [Edwards et al.], 1151 Acidosis. See Acid-base equilibrium intubating laryngeal mask airway and muscle relaxants: never to- Acromegaly gether? (CO) [var Vlymen et al.], 1151 acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Calder], large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for 1149 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Schmitt et sleep apnea? (CO) [Chou and Wu], 936 al.], 1150 large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for Adenosine triphosphatase difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive gender-based differences in Na-K" adenosine triphosphatase activ- sleep apnea? (CO) [Langeron], 937 ity occur in the microcirculation of the diabetic rat brain (LR) life-threatening upper airway obstruction after tongue base surgery [Sieber et al.], 372 (CR) [Szokol et al.], 532 Adrenergic agents and receptors LTA cannula can facilitate a difficult tracheal intubation (CO) [Fein- epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- gold], 1153 ministered lidocaine in the rat (LD [Hashimoto et al.], 876 mandibular protrusion test for prediction of difficult mask ventila- intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthros- tion (CO) [Takenaka et al.], 935 copy: a dose-response study (CI [Kock et al.], 574 an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic a method to improve a gas leak on mask ventilation in the patient effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LI) [Paque- with a nasogastric tube (CO) [Noguchi et al.], 545 ron et al.], 1074 pharyngolaryngeal morbidity with the laryngeal mask airway in pulmonary vascular effects of propofol at baseline, during elevated spontaneously breathing patients: does size matter? (CI) vasomotor tone, and in response to sympathetic a— and [Grady et al.], 760 {B—adrenoreceptor activation (LI) [Kondo et al.], 815 protective effects of volatile agents against methacholine-induced reduced need for vasopressors in patients receiving aprotinin during bronchoconstriction in rats (LD [Habre et al.], 348 orthotopic liver transplantation (CD [Molenaar et al.], 433 selective lobar-bronchial blocking for pediatric video-assisted tho- rhabdomyolysis following cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment racic surgery (CR) [Takahashi et al.], 170 with enoximone in a patient susceptible to malignant hyper- tracheostomy tube replacement: role of the airway exchange cath- thermia (CR) [Riess et al.], 355 eter (CO) [Kaiser et al.], 718 Aging and age factors transient lingual and glossopharyngeal nerve injury: a complication intramuscular rapacuronium in infants and children: a comparative of cuffed oropharyngeal airway (CO) [Laffon et al.], 719 multicenter study to confirm the efficacy and safety of the a warm air blanket causes intraoperative airway obstruction (CR) age-related tracheal intubating doses of intramuscular rapacu- |Warters et al.], 169 ronium (ORG 9487) in two groups of pediatric subjects (CI) Alfentanil [Denman et al.], 3 assessment of depth of anesthesia and postoperative respiratory nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients recovery after remifentanil- versus alfentanil-based total intra- after surgery (CI) [Stéphan et al.], 407 venous anesthesia in patients undergoing ear-nose-throat sur- Air embolism gery (CD [Wuesten], 211 volume of air in a lethal venous air embolism (CR) [Toung et al.], 360 propofol alters the pharmacokinetics of alfentanil in healthy male Airway exchange catheters volunteers (CI) [Mertens et al.], 949 tracheostomy tube replacement: role of the airway exchange cath- response surface modeling of alfentanil-sevoflurane interaction on eter (CO) [Kaiser et al.], 718 cardiorespiratory control and Bispectral Index (CI [Dahan et Airway management. See a/so Intubation al.], 982 airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine- Allergy and histamine induced bronchospasm by local anesthetics: a comparison of airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine- Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1162 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Allergy and histamine—Atracurium induced bronchospasm by local anesthetics: a comparison of life-threatening upper airway obstruction after tongue base surgery lidocaine, ropivacaine, and dyclonine (CI) [Groeben et al.], (CR) [Szokol et al.], 532 423 peribulbar versus retrobulbar anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery: an can in vitro studies be reliably extrapolated to in vivo behavior? anatomical comparison of extraconal and intraconal injec- (CO) [Laroche and Laxenaire], 179 tions (CI) [Ripart et al.|, 56 Almitrine study of the “sniffing position” by magnetic resonance imaging (CI effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on [Adnet et al.], 83 ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung in Anemia jury (LD [Dembinski et al.], 461 abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute Alpha-2 adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia Alveolar macrophages (CO) [Weiskopf et al.], 716 perfluorohexane attenuates proinflammatory and procoagulatory re- abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute sponse of activated monocytes and alveolar macrophages (LI to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia [Koch et al.], 101 (CO) [Williams], 716 recovery of intraoperative microbicidal and inflammatory functions Anesthesia machines and circuits of alveolar immune cells after a tobacco smoke-free period a closed xenon anesthesia delivery system (LR) [Dingley et al.], 173 (CD [Kotani et al.], 999 compliance compensation of the Narkomed 6000 explained (CO) Ambulatory care [Feldman and Smith], 543 intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthros- compliance compensation of the Narkomed 6000 explained (CO) copy: a dose-response study (CD [Kock et al.], 574 [Stevenson et al.], 544 American Society of Anesthesiologists lack of degradation of sevoflurane by a new carbon dioxide absor- American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification bent in humans (CD [Mchaourab et al.], 1007 system is not a risk classification system (CO) [Owens], 378 Anesthesiologists American Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists measuring the influence of anesthesiologists’ medical direction (CO) comparison of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography and [Orkin], 713 contrast-enhanced helical CT in the diagnosis of blunt trau- measuring the influence of anesthesiologists’ medical direction (CO) matic cardiovascular injuries (CI) [Vignon et al.], 615 [Silber], 714 effect of increasing perfluorocarbon dose on VA/Q distribution dur- Antibiotics ing partial liquid ventilation in acute lung injury (LD [Lim et inadvertent caudal epidural injection of cefazolin (CO) [Mchaourab al.], 637 and Ruiz}, 184 Antidepressants effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on amitriptyline versus bupivacaine in rat sciatic nerve blockade (LD ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung in- [Gerner et al.], 661 jury (LD [Dembinski et al.], 461 Antiemetics. See Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetics high-frequency jet ventilation in life-threatening bilateral pulmonary Antinociception. See Nociception contusion (CR) [Riou et al.], 927 Anxiety is there a place for inhaled nitric oxide in the therapy of massive preoperative anxiolysis and postoperative recovery in women un- pulmonary embolism? (CCC) [Haddad et al.], 354 dergoing abdominal hysterectomy (CD [Kain et al.], 415 is there a place for inhaled nitric oxide in the therapy of massive Aprotinin pulmonary embolism? (CCC) [Tanus-Santos and Moreno] fatal thrombosis associated with a hemi-Fontan procedure, heparin- 354 protamine reversal, and aprotinin (CR) [Heindel et al.], 369 is ventilator-associated pneumonia an independent risk factor for reduced need for vasopressors in patients receiving aprotinin during death? (CD [Bregeon et al.], 554 orthotopic liver transplantation (CD [Molenaar et al.], 433 jet ventilation for fiberoptic bronchoscopy (CR) [David et al.], 930 Arrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients Arthroscopy after surgery (CI) [Stéphan et al.], 407 intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthros- optimal mean airway pressure during high-frequency oscillation copy: a dose-response study (CI) [Kock et al.], 574 predicted by the pressure-volume curve (LI) [Goddon et al.], Aspirin, acetaminophen, and other analgesics 862 initial and subsequent dosing of rectal acetaminophen in children: a partial liquid ventilation reduces fluid filtration of isolated rabbit 24-hour pharmacokinetic study of new dose recommenda- lungs with acute hydrochloric acid-induced edema (LD [Loer tions (CI) [Birmingham et al.], 385 and Tarnow], 1045 Assessment, preoperative. See Preoperative assessment Amitriptyline Asthma and bronchospasm amitriptyline versus bupivacaine in rat sciatic nerve blockade (LI) airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine- [Gerner et al.], 661 induced bronchospasm by local anesthetics: a comparison of AMPA receptor lidocaine, ropivacaine, and dyclonine (CD [Groeben et al.}, blockade of AMPA receptors and volatile anesthetics: reduced anes- 23 thetic requirements in GluR2 null mutant mice for loss of the bronchospasm after rapacuronium in infants and children (CR) righting reflex and antinociception but not minimum alveolar {Meakin et al.], 926 concentration (LD [Joo et al.], 478 the effect of sevoflurane and desflurane on upper airway reactivity Amrinone (CI) [Klock et al.], 963 rhabdomyolysis following cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment efficacy of propofol to prevent bronchoconstriction: effects of pre- with enoximone in a patient susceptible to malignant hyper- servative (LI) [Brown et al.], 851 thermia (CR) [Riess et al.], 355 halothane increases smooth muscle protein phosphatase in airway Anaphylaxis smooth muscle (LD [Hanazaki et al.|, 129 can in vitro studies be reliably extrapolated to in vivo behavior? how serious is the bronchospasm induced by rapacuronium? (CR) (CO) [Laroche and Laxenaire], 179 [Naguib], 924 Anatomy protective effects of volatile agents against methacholine-induced large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for bronchoconstriction in rats (LID [Habre et al.}, 348 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive rapacuronium and bronchospasm (EV) [Goudsouzian], 727 sleep apnea? (CO) [Chou and Wu], 936 severe bronchospasm and desaturation in a child associated with large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for rapacuronium (CR) [Kron], 923 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive Atracurium sleep apnea? (CO) [Langeron], 937 blockade and activation of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcho- Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1163 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Atracurium—Brain function and disease line receptors by atracurium and laudanosine (LI) [Chiodini eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? et al.], 643 (CO) [Spahn and Casutt], 542 dose-response relationship and infusion requirement of cisatra- fatal thrombosis associated with a hemi-Fontan procedure, heparin- curium besylate in infants and children during nitrous oxide- protamine reversal, and aprotinin (CR) [Heindel et al.], 369 narcotic anesthesia (CD [de Ruiter and Crawford], 790 leukocytes can enhance platelet-mediated aggregation and throm- Awareness. See Behavior, memory, and awareness boxane release via interaction of P-selectin glycoprotein li- gand 1 with P-selectin (LI) [Faraday et al.], 145 a normal aPTT does not guarantee adequate coagulation factor levels B (CO) [Teruya et al.], 541 perfluorohexane attenuates proinflammatory and procoagulatory response of activated monocytes and alveolar macrophages (LD Barbiturates {Koch et al.], 101 inhibitory effects of barbiturates on nicotinic acetylcholine recep- perioperative activation of hemostasis iti vascular surgery patients tors in rat central nervous system neurons (LI) [Kamiya et al.], (CI) [Samama et al.], 74 694 role of heparin and nitric oxide in the cardiac and regional hemo- Baroreflexes dynamic properties of protamine in conscious chronically S(+)-ketamine increases muscle sympathetic activity and maintains instrumented dogs (LD [Oguchi et al.], 1016 the neural response to hypotensive challenges in humans (CD {[Kienbaum et al.], 252 tranexamic acid administration after cardiac surgery: a prospective, Behavior, memory, and awareness randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (CI [Ca- abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute sati et al.], 8 to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia Blood conservation (CO) [Weiskopf et al.], 716 the effect of lumbar plexus block on blood loss and postoperative abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute pain (CO) [Ekatodramis et al.], 716 to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia the effect of lumbar plexus block on blood loss and postoperative (CO) [Williams], 716 pain (CO) [Stevens et al.], 717 assessment of depth of anesthesia and postoperative respiratory efficacy of acute normovolemic hemodilution assessed as a function recovery after remifentanil- versus alfentanil-based total intra- of fraction of blood volume lost (CID [Weiskopf}, 439 venous anesthesia in patients undergoing ear-nose-throat sur- eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? gery (CI) [Wuesten], 211 (CO) [Klowden et al.], 541 Automated Responsiveness Test (ART) predicts loss of conscious- eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? ness and adverse physiologic responses during propofol con- (CO) [Spahn and Casutt], 542 scious sedation (CI) [Doufas et al.], 585 Blood pressure. See also Hypotension BIS monitoring to prevent awareness during general anesthesia (Eco- mechanisms of isoflurane-mediated hyperpolarization of vascular nomics) [O’Connor et al.], 520 smooth muscle in chronically hypertensive and normotensive the concentration of isoflurane required to suppress learning de- conditions (LD [Stekiel et al.], 496 pends on the type of learning (LD [Dutton et al.], 514 Blood transfusions differential behavioral effects of peripheral and systemic morphine the effect of lumbar plexus block on blood loss and postoperative and naloxone in a rat model of repeated acute inflammation pain (CO) [Ekatodramis et al.], 716 (LD [Perrot et al.], 870 the effect of lumbar plexus block on blood loss and postoperative epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate pain (CO) [Stevens et al.], 717 depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index“ efficacy of acute normovolemic hemodilution assessed as a function monitor (CI) [Hodgson and Liu], 799 of fraction of blood volume lost (CD [Weiskopf], 439 only explicit memory seems affected by depth of hypnotic state efficacy of a simple intraoperative transfusion algorithm for noner- (CO) [Phaf], 380 ythrocyte component utilization after cardiopulmonary by- speed of recovery and side-effect profile of sevoflurane sedation pass (CI) [Nuttall et al.], 773 compared with midazolam (CD [Ibrahim et al.], 87 eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? Benzodiazepines and antagonists (CO) [Klowden et al.], 541 cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an (CO) [Spahn and Casutt], 542 echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- a normal aPTT does not guarantee adequate coagulation factor levels modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 (CO) [Teruya et al.], 541 speed of recovery and side-effect profile of sevoflurane sedation Blood volume compared with midazolam (CI) [Ibrahim et al.], 87 relation between initial blood distribution volume and propofol Bispectral index induction dose requirement (CI [Kazama et al.], 205 BIS monitoring to prevent awareness during general anesthesia (Eco- technique for using video microscopy and indicator dilution for nomics) [O’Connor et al.], 520 repeated measurements of cardiac output in small animals epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate (LD [Rivers et al.], 489 depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index” Brain function and disease monitor (CI) [Hodgson and Liu], 799 absence of direct antioxidant effects from volatile anesthetics in only explicit memory seems affected by depth of hypnotic state primary mixed neuronal-glial cultures (LD [Kudo et al.], 303 (CO) [Phaf], 380 anesthetic concentrations of propofol protect against oxidative response surface modeling of alfentanil-sevoflurane interaction on stress in primary astrocyte cultures: comparison with hypo- cardiorespiratory control and Bispectral Index (CD [Dahan et thermia (LD [Peters et al.], 313 al.], 982 anesthetic-like interaction of the sleep-inducing lipid oleamide with Blood coagulation voltage-gated sodium channels in mammalian brain (LD [Ni- anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with he- cholson et al.], 120 parin-induced thrombocytopenia type II and renal impair- dose-dependent regional cerebral blood flow changes during ment using heparin and the platelet glycoprotein [fb-IIla remifentanil infusion in humans: a positron emission tomog- antagonist tirofiban (CID [Koster et al.], 245 raphy study (CI) [Wagner et al.], 732 efficacy of a simple intraoperative transfusion algorithm for noner- effects of xenon on cerebral blood fiow and cerebral glucose utili- ythrocyte component utilization after cardiopulmonary by- zation in rats (LD [Frietsch et al.], 290 pass (CI) [Nuttall et al.], 773 gender-based differences in Na*-K” adenosine triphosphatase activ- eliminating blood transfusions: what about hypotensive anesthesia? ity occur in the microcirculation of the diabetic rat brain (LR) (CO) [Klowden et al.], 541 [Sieber et al.], 372 Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Brain function and disease—Cell and tissue culture isoflurane blocks synaptic plasticity in the mouse hippocampus (LD randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (CD [Ca- [Simon et al.], 1058 sati et al.], 8 subanesthetic isoflurane affects task-induced brain activation in a Cardiomyocytes highly specific manner (CD [Heinke and Schwarzbauer], 973 propofol increases myofilament Ca** sensitivity and intracellular pH Bronchoscopy via activation of Na’-H” exchange in rat ventricular myo- jet ventilation for fiberoptic bronchoscopy (CR) [David et al.], 930 cytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 1096 Bronchospasm. See Asthma and bronchospasm Cardioprotection Bupivacaine signal transduction of opioid-induced cardioprotection in ischemia- amitriptyline versus bupivacaine in rat sciatic nerve blockade (LI reperfusion (LI) [McPherson and Yao], 1082 [Gerner et al.], 661 Cardiopulmonary bypass minimum local analgesic dose of intrathecal bupivacaine in labor anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with he- and the effect of intrathecal fentanyl (CI) [Stocks et al.], 593 parin-induced thrombocytopenia type I and renal impair- ment using heparin and the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IIla antagonist tirofiban (CI) [Koster et al.], 245 . efficacy of a simple intraoperative transfusion algorithm for noner- ythrocyte component utilization after cardiopulmonary bypass (CI) [Nuttall et al.], 773 Calcium and calcium channels. See aiso lons and ion channels fatal thrombosis associated with a hemi-Fontan procedure, heparin- comparison of volatile anesthetic actions on intracellular calcium protamine reversal, and aprotinin (CR) [Heindel et al.], 369 stores of vascular smooth muscle: investigation in isolated intraoperative seizures in cardiac surgical patients undergoing deep systemic resistance arteries (LI) [Akata et al.], 840 hypothermic circulatory arrest monitored with EEG (CR) different inhibitory effects of volatile anesthetics on T- and L-type {Cheung et al.], 1143 voltage-dependent Ca** channels in porcine tracheal and rhabdomyolysis following cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment bronchial smooth muscles (LD [Yamakage et al.], 683 with enoximone in a patient susceptible to malignant hyper- effects of dantrolene on rat diaphragm muscle during postnatal thermia (CR) [Riess et al.], 355 maturation (LI) [Orliaguet et al.], 468 tissue injury and the inflammatory response to pediatric cardiac effects of isoflurane on intracellular calcium and myocardial cross- surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a descriptive study bridge kinetics in tetanized papillary muscles (LID [Hannon et (CI) [Chew et al.], 745 al.], 856 tranexamic acid administration after cardiac surgery: a prospective, inhibitory effects of etomidate and ketamine on endothelium-depen- randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (CI) [Ca- dent relaxation in canine pulmonary artery (LI [Ogawa et sati et al.], 8 al.|, 668 cardiopulmonary resuscitation propofol increases myofilament Ca** sensitivity and intracellular pH anesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children (CO) [Cote], 933 via activation of Na’-H” exchange in rat ventricular myo- cardiac arrest after succinylcholine: mortality greater with rhabdo- cytes (LI [Kanaya et al.], 1096 myolysis than receptor upregulation (RA) |Gronert], 523 Cannabinoids cardiovascular anesthesia administration of endocannabinoids prevents a referred hyperalgesia anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with he- associated with inflammation of the urinary bladder (LD [Far- parin-induced thrombocytopenia type If and renal impair- quhar-Smith and Rice], 507 ment using heparin and the platelet glycoprotein Ilb-IIa the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 suppresses opioid-induced antagonist tirofiban (CID [Koster et al.], 245 emesis in ferrets (LD [Simoneau et al.], 882 the Cardiac Anesthesia Risk Evaluation score: a clinically useful Capsaicin predictoro f mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery (CD effect of remifentanil on pain and secondary hyperalgesia associated [Dupuis et al.], 194 with the heat-capsaicin sensitization model in healthy volun- cardiac surgery increases surgical complexity (CO) [Chaney], 712 teers (CT) [Peters ‘n et al.], 15 cardiac surgery increases surgical complexity (CO) [Glower et al.], Carbon dioxide (CO,) 7k2 CO, via CPAP mask? a near disaster (CO) [Campagna et al.], 544 efficacy of a simple intraoperative transfusion algorithm for noner- the effects of CO, on respiratory mechanics in anesthetized para- ythrocyte component utilization after cardiopulmonary by- lyzed humans (CI) [D’Angelo et al.], 604 pass (CI) [Nuttall et al.], 773 lack of degradation of sevoflurane by a new carbon dioxide absor- fatal thrombosis associated with a hemi-Fontan procedure, heparin- bent in humans (CID [Mchaourab et al.], 1007 protamine reversal, and aprotinin (CR) [Heindel et al.], 369 Carbon monoxide rhabdomyolysis following cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment mathematical modeling of carbon monoxide exposures from anes- with enoximone in a patient susceptible to malignant hyper- thetic breakdown: effect of subject size, hematocrit, fraction thermia (CR) [Riess et al.], 355 of inspired oxygen, and quantity of carbon monoxide (LD risk indices: what is their value to the clinician and patient? (EV) [Woehlck et al.], 457 [Fleisher], 191 physical factors affecting the production of carbon monoxide from tissue injury and the inflammatory response to pediatric cardiac anesthetic breakdown (LD [Woehlck et al.], 453 surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a descriptive study Cardiac arrest. See Heart function and disease (CID [Chew et al.], 745 Cardiac arrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias tranexamic acid administration after cardiac surgery: a prospective, Cardiac surgery randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (CI [Ca- the Cardiac Anesthesia Risk Evaluation score: a clinically useful sati et al.], 8 predictoro f mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery (CD Cardiovascular function and disease. See Heart function and [Dupuis et al.], 194 disease cardiac surgery increases surgical complexity (CO) [Chaney], 712 Catecholamines cardiac surgery increases surgical complexity (CO) [Glower et al.], decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after Tia intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) intraoperative seizures in cardiac surgical patients undergoing deep [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 305 hypothermic circulatory arrest monitored with EEG (CR) epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- [Cheung et al.], 1143 ministered lidocaine in the rat (LI) [Hashimoto et al.], 876 tissue injury and the inflammatory response to pediatric cardiac Cefazolin surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a descriptive study inadvertent caudal epidural injection of cefazolin (CO) [Mchaourab (CD [Chew et al.], 745 and Ruiz], 184 tranexamic acid administration after cardiac surgery: a prospective, Cell and tissue culture Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1165 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Cell and tissue culture—Complications absence of direct antioxidant effects from volatile anesthetics in clinical and experimental research in anesthesiology in Europe at the primary mixed neuronal-glial cultures (LI [Kudo et al.], 303 change of the millennium (CO) [Hofbauer et al.], 173 anesthetic concentrations of propofol protect against oxidative the Cochrane Anesthesia Review Group (CO) [Moller et al.], 184 stress in primary astrocyte cultures: comparison with hypo- Clonidine thermia (LD [Peters et al.], 313 intrathecal ropivacaine and clonidine for ambulatory knee arthros- local anesthetic inhibition of voltage-activated potassium currents in copy: a dose-response study (CI [Kock et al.], 574 rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (LI) [Komai and McDowell], intraventricular administration of morphine and clonidine (CR) [Le- 1089 ong et al.], 1141 propofol increases myofilament Ca*~ sensitivity and intracellular pH an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic via activation of Na~-H” exchange in rat ventricular myo- effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LID [Paque- cytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 1096 ron et al.], 1074 Cerebral blood flow Coagulation. See Blood coagulation dose-dependent regional cerebral blood flow changes during Cochrane Anesthesia Review Group remifentanil infusion in humans: a positron emission tomog- the Cochrane Anesthesia Review Group (CO) [Moller et al.], 184 raphy study (CI [Wagner et al.], 732 Cognitive function effects of xenon on cerebral blood flow and cerebral glucose utili- abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute zation in rats (LD [Frietsch et al.], 290 to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia opiates, intracranial pressure, and autoregulation (CO) [Lam and (CO) [Weiskopf et al.], 716 Warner], 177 abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute opiates, intracranial pressure, and autoregulation (CO) [Nadal and to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia Sahuquillo], 177 (CO) [Williams], 716 subanesthetic isoflurane affects task-induced brain activation in a Compartment syndrome highly specific manner (CI) [Heinke and Schwarzbauer], 973 corapartment syndrome in surgical patients (CR) [Warner et al.], 705 Cerebral metabolism Complications. See also Postoperative complications effects of xenon on cerebral blood flow and cerebral glucose utili- accidental extreme neck extension during repositioning of an oper- zation in rats (LI [Frietsch et al.], 290 ating room table (CO) [Szmuk et al.], 940 subanesthetic isoflurane affects task-induced brain activation in a anesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children (CO) [Coté], 933 highly specific manner (CI) [Heinke and Schwarzbauer], 973 anesthetic management of a parturient with superior vena cava Cerebral protection. See Neuroprotection obstruction for cesarean section (CR) [Chan et al.], 167 Cervical spine cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction induced by postpartum accidental extreme neck extension during repositioning of an oper- intravenous ergonovine administration (CR) [Tsui et al.], 363 ating room table (CO) [Szmuk et al.], 940 a comparison of tracheal tube tip designs on the passage of an head extension angle required for direct laryngoscopy with the endotracheal tube during oral fiberoptic intubation (CD McCoy laryngoscope blade (CO) [Sugiyama et al.], 939 (Greer et al.], 729 Cesarean delivery. See Obstetric anesthesia compartment syndrome in surgical patients (CR) [Warner et al.], 705 Children. See Pediatric anesthesia coronary artery stenting before noncardiac surgery: more threat than Chlorhexidine safety? (CR) [Vicenzi et al.], 367 chlorhexidine versus povidone iodine in preventing colonization of CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Ramanathan], 1151 continuous epidural catheters in children (CID [Kinirons et CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Verma and Plaat], 1150 al.], 239 decreased endotoxin immunity is associated with greater mortality Cholecystectomy and/or prolonged hospitalization after surgery (CI) [Bennett- the use of intravenous nitroglycerin in a case of spasm of the Guerrero et al.], 992 sphincter of Oddi during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LD decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after [Toyoyama et al.], 708 intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) Circulatory physiology and hemodynamics [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 365 cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- did anesthetics trigger cardiac arrests in patients with occult myop- tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an athies? (CO) [Larach et al.], 933 echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- did anesthetics trigger cardiac arrests in patients with occult myop- modynamics (CD [Rivenes et al.], 223 athies? (CO) [Morray], 934 cardiovascular responses to the induction of mild hypothermia in distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ma- the presence of epidural anesthesia (LI [Yoshida et al.], 678 leck], 539 critical hematocrit in intestinal tissue oxygenation during severe distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ra- normovolemic hemodilution (LD [van Bommel et al.], 152 phael], 539 decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after electrical short circuit as a possible cause of death in patients on PCA intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) machines: report on an opiate overdose and a possible pre- [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 365 ventive remedy (CO) [Doyle et al.], 940 early preload adaptation in septic shock? a transesophageal echocar- electrocautery-induced tachycardia in a rate-responsive pacemaker diographic study (CI) [Vieillard-Baron et al.], 400 (CR) [Wong and Middleton], 710 influence of hemorrhagic shock on remifentanil: a pharmacokinetic how serious is the bronchospasm induced by rapacuronium? (CR) and pharmacodynamic analysis (LI [Johnson et al.], 322 [Naguib], 924 pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention of isch- inadvertent caudal epidural injection of cefazolin (CO) [Mchaourab emia-reperfusion injury (CCC) [Collard and Gelman], 1133 and Ruiz], 184 reduced need for vasopressors in patients receiving aprotinin during intraoperative seizures in cardiac surgical patients undergoing deep orthotopic liver transplantation (CI [Molenaar et al.], 433 hypothermic circulatory arrest monitored with EEG (CR) relation between initial blood distribution volume and propofol {Cheung et al.], 1143 induction dose requirement (CI) [Kazama et al.], 205 an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Michelsen and Valdes-Murua], role of heparin and nitric oxide in the cardiac and regional hemo- 938 dynamic properties of protamine in conscious chronically an intubating airway with teeth (CO) [Williams], 938 instrumented dogs (LI) [Oguchi et al.], 1016 ischemic optic neuropathy after liver transplantation (CR) [Janicki et Cisatracurium besylate al.j, 361 dose-response relationship and infusion requirement of cisatra- is ventilator-associated pneumonia an independent risk factor for curium besylate in infants and children during nitrous oxide- death? (CID [Bregeon et al.], 554 narcotic anesthesia (CI) [de Ruiter and Crawford], 790 life-threatening upper airway obstruction after tongue base surgery Clinical trials 4 (CR) [Szokol et al.], 532 Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Complications—Depth of anesthesia negative-pressure pulmonary edema in a child with hiccups during effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on induction (CO) [Mandal], 378 ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung in- negative-pressure pulmonary edema in a child with hiccups during jury (LD [Pembinski et al.], 461 induction (CO) [Stuth and Stucke], 379 high-frequency jet ventilation in life-threatening bilateral pulmonary nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients contusion (CR) [Riou et al.], 927 after surgery (CI) [Stéphan et al.], 407 International Trauma Anesthesia and Critical Care Society (TACCS) patient outcomes and “directed” anesthesia care (CO) [Obst], 712 (SM) [McCunn], 187 pharyngolaryngeal morbidity with the laryngeal mask airway in is there a place for inhaled nitric oxide in the therapy of massive spontaneously breathing patients: does size matter? (CD pulmonary embolism? (CCC) [Haddad et al.], 354 [Grady et al.], 760 is there a place for inhaled nitric oxide in the therapy of massive postoperative neuropathy following fascia iliaca compartment pulmonary embolism? (CCC) [Tanus-Santos and Moreno], blockade (CR) [Atchabahian and Brown], 534 354 potential damage to the larynx associated with light-guided intuba- is ventilator-associated pneumonia an independent risk factor for tion: a case and series of fiberoptic examinations (CR) death? (CD [Bregeon et al.], 554 [Aoyama et al.], 165 jet ventilation for fiberoptic bronchoscopy (CR) [David et al.], 930 prolonged coma after unreamed, locked nailing of femoral shaft lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection (CO) [Ak¢a ], 1152 fracture (CR) [Byrick et al.], 163 lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection (CO) [Shepherd ], 1152 severe bronchospasm and desaturation in a child associated with metabolic acidosis associated with a new formulation of propofol rapacuronium (CR) [Kron], 923 (CR) [Badr et al.], 536 transient lingual and glossopharyngeal nerve injury: a complication nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients of cuffed oropharyngeal airway (CO) [Laffon et al.], 719 after surgery (CI [Stéphan et al.], 407 volume of air in a lethal venous air embolism (CR) [Toung et al.], 360 optimal mean airway pressure during high-frequency oscillation: a warm air blanket causes intraoperative airway obstruction (CR) predicted by the pressure-volume curve (LD [Goddon et al.], [Warters et al.], 169 862 Compound A partial liquid ventilation reduces fluid filtration of isolated rabbit effect of probenecid on renal function in surgical patients anesthe- lungs with acute hydrochloric acid-induced edema (LD [Loer tized with low-flow sevoflurane (CI [Higuchi et al.}, 21 and Tarnow], 1045 Computed tomography (CT) 28th annual meeting of the Society of Neurosurgical Anesthesia and comparison of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography and Critical Care (RSM) [Sloan], 547 contrast-enhanced helical CT in the diagnosis of blunt trau- Cuffed oropharyngeal airway. See Laryngeal mask airway and matic cardiovascular injuries (CD [Vignon et al.], 615 COPA Congenital heart disease Cyclooxygenase and inhibitors cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- propofol potentiates phenylephrine-induced contraction via cyclo- tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an oxygenase inhibition in pulmonary artery smooth muscle (LD echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- [Ogawa et al.], 833 modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 Cytochrome P-450 fatal thrombosis associated with a hemi-Fontan procedure, heparin- cytochrome P-450 2B6 is responsible for interindividua! variability of protamine reversal, and aprotinin (CR) [Heindel et al.], 369 propofol hydroxylation by human liver microsomes (LD Contrast echocardiography. See Echocardiography (Court et al.], 110 COPA. See Laryngeal mask airway and COPA Cytokines Coronary artery bypass grafting. See Cardiac surgery tissue injury and the inflammatory response to pediatric cardiac Coronary circulation and myocardial ischemia. See also Myocar- surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a descriptive study dial infarct/infarction (CD [Chew et al.], 745 cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction induced by postpartum intravenous ergonovine administration (CR) [Tsui et al.], 363 D coronary artery stenting before noncardiac surgery: more threat than safety? (CR) [Vicenzi et al.], 367 Dantrolene effects of ketamine and its isomers on ischemic preconditioning in dantrolene: opening the anesthesiologist-proof packaging (CO) the isolated rat heart (LD [Molojavyi et al.], 623 [Leighton and Mitchell], 379 electrocardiographic exercise stress testing for cardiac risk manage- dantrolene: opening the anesthesiologist-proof packaging (CO) ment in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery (CI) [Gauss [Verst-Brasch], 380 et al.], 38 effects of dantrolene on rat diaphragm muscle during postnatal is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) [Fleischer], maturation (LI [Orliaguet et al.], 468 161 Depth of anesthesia is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) [Woehlck et assessment of depth of anesthesia and postoperative respiratory al.], 161 recovery after remifentanil- versus alfentanil-based total intra- ketamine, but not S(+)-ketamine, blocks ischemic preconditioning venous anesthesia in patients undergoing ear-nose-throat sur- in rabbit hearts in vivo (LD [Muilenheim et al.], 630 gery (CI [Wuesten], 211 perioperative myocardial infarction (PMD: a never-ending story (CO) blockade of AMPA receptors and volatile anesthetics: reduced anes- (Mollhoff et al.], 540 thetic requirements in GluR2 null mutant mice for loss of the perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI): a never-ending story (CO) righting reflex and antinociception but not minimum alveolar [Sprung et al.], 541 concentration (LI [Joo et al.], 478 signal transduction of opioid-induced cardioprotection in ischemia- effect of propofol on H-reflex in humans (CD [Kerz et al.], 32 reperfusion (LI) [McPherson and Yao], 1082 epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate Critical care depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index” comparison of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography and monitor (CID [Hodgson and Liu], 799 contrast-enhanced helical CT in the diagnosis of blunt trau- the midlatency auditory evoked potentials predict responsiveness to matic cardiovascular injuries (CD [Vignon et al.], 615 verbal commands in patients emerging from anesthesia with decreased endotoxin immunity is associated with greater mortality xenon, isoflurane, and sevoflurane but not with nitrous oxide and/or prolonged hospitalization after surgery (CI) [Bennett- (CD [Goto et al.], 782 Guerrero et al.], 992 only explicit memory seems affected by depth of hypnotic state effect of increasing perfluorocarbon dose on VA/Q distribution dur- (CO) [Phaf], 380 ing partial liquid ventilation in acute lung injury (LD [Lim et surgical stimulation shifts EEG concentration-response relationship al.], 637 of desflurane (CD [ROpcke et al.}, 390 Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1167 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Desflurane— Electrophysiology Desflurane echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- the effect of sevoflurane and desflurane on upper airway reactivity modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 (CD [Klock et al.], 963 comparison of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography and surgical stimulation shifts EEG concentration-response relationship contrast-enhanced helical CT in the diagnosis of blunt trau- of desflurane (CI [R6pcke et al.], 390 matic cardiovascular injuries (CI [Vignon et al.], 615 Diabetes mellitus density detection in dependent left lung region using transesopha- CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Ramanathan], 1151 geal echocardiography (CD [Tsubo et al.], 793 CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Verma and Plaat], 1150 early preload adaptation in septic shock? a transesophageal echocar- gender-based differences in Na“-K” adenosine triphosphatase activ- diographic study (CI) [Vieillard-Baron et al.], 400 ity occur in the microcirculation of the diabetic rat brain (LR) Economics, management, and manpower [Sieber et al.], 372 BIS monitoring to prevent awareness during general anesthesia (Eco- Difficult airway nomics) [O’Connor et al.], 520 acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Calder], the costs of Medicare compliance (CO) [Groudine], 937 1149 the costs of Medicare compliance (CO) [Williams et al.], 938 acromegaly, the Mallampati, and difficult intubation (CO) [Schmitt et to increase obstetric reimbursement rates, we need to improve the al.], 1150 product (CO) [Bell], 179 the Combitude in elective surgery: a report of 200 cases (CD [Gaitini to increase obstetric reimbursement rates, we need to improve the et al.|. 79 product (CO) [Leighton], 178 comparison of the intubating laryngeal mask airway with the fiber- Editorial views optic intubation in anticipated difficult airway management anesthesiology’s greatest generation? (EV) [Bacon et al.], 725 (CD [Langeron et al.], 968 is gene therapy in our future? (EV) [Bernards], 947 large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for no substitute for the intravenous route (EV) [Donati and Guay], 1 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive rapacuronium and bronchospasm (EV) [Goudsouzian], 727 sleep apnea? (CO) [Chou and Wul, 936 risk indices: what is their value to the clinician and patient? (EV) large hypopharyngeal tongue: a shared anatomic abnormality for [Fleisher], 191 difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive what’s new about ventilator-associated pneumonia (EV) [Kollef], sleep apnea? (CO) [Langeron], 937 551 LTA cannula can facilitate a difficult tracheal intubation (CO) [Fein- Elderly. See Geriatric patients gold], 1153 Electrocardiography mandibular protrusion test for prediction of difficult mask ventila- decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after tion (CO) [Takenaka et al.], 935 intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) Droperidol [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 365 suppression of potassium conductance by droperidol has influence electrocardiographic exercise stress testing for cardiac risk manage- on excitability of spinal sensory neurons (LI) [Olschewski et ment in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery (CI) [Gauss al.], 280 et al.], 38 Drug interactions is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) [Fleischer], cardiac arrest after succinylcholine: mortality greater with rhabdo- 161 myolysis than receptor upregulation (RA) [Gronert], 523 is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) [Woehlck et epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- al.], 161 ministered lidocaine in the rat (LD [Hashimoto et al.], 876 Electrocautery intraventricular administration of morphine and clonidine (CR) [Le- electrocautery-induced tachycardia in a rate-responsive pacemaker ong et al.], 1141 (CR) [Wong and Middleton], 710 low concentrations of halothane increase response to a noxious Electroencephalography thermal stimulus and attenuate the antinociceptive effect of BIS monitoring to prevent awareness during general anesthesia (Eco- intraventricular but not intrathecal morphine (LD [Drasner], nomics) [O’Connor et al.], 520 298 epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate minimum local analgesic dose of intrathecal bupivacaine in labor depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index” and the effect of intrathecal fentanyl (CI) [Stocks et al.], 593 monitor (CI) [Hodgson and Liu], 799 an obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic intraoperative seizures in cardiac surgical patients undergoing deep effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury (LI) [Paque- hypothermic circulatory arrest monitored with EEG (CR) ron et al.], 1074 [Cheung et al.], 1143 propofol alters the pharmacokinetics of alfentanil in healthy male response surface modeling of alfentanil-sevoflurane interaction on volunteers (CI [Mertens et al.], 949 cardiorespiratory control and Bispectral Index (CI [Dahan et response surface modeling of alfentanil-sevoflurane interaction on al.], 982 cardiorespiratory control and Bispectral Index (CD [Dahan et surgical stimulation shifts EEG concentration-response relationship al.], 982 of desflurane (CIT [R6pcke et al.], 390 Drugs Electrophysiology effect of drugs used for neuropathic pain management on tetrodo- agent-selective effects of volatile anesthetics on GABA, receptor- toxin-resistant Na+ currents in rat sensory neurons (LI) [Brau mediated synaptic inhibition in hippocampal interneurons et al.], 137 (LD [Nishikawa and Maclver], 340 Drug toxicity anesthetic properties of 4-iodopropofol: implications for mecha- epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- nisms of anesthesia (LD [Lingamaneni et al.], 1050 ministered lidocaine in the rat (LI) [Hashimoto et al.], 876 different inhibitory effects of volatile anesthetics on T- and L-type metabolic acidosis associated with a new formulation of propofol voltage-dependent Ca?* channels in porcine tracheal and (CR) [Badr et al.], 536 bronchial smooth muscles (LI) [Yamakage et al.], 683 Dysrhythmias, cardiac. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias effect of drugs used for neuropathic pain management on tetrodo- toxin-resistant Na+ currents in rat sensory neurons (LD [Brau et al.], 137 effects of dantrolene on rat diaphragm muscle during postnatal maturation (LD [Orliaguet et al.], 468 electrophysiologic evidence for increased endogenous GABAergic Echocardiography but not glycinergic inhibitory tone in the rat spinal nerve cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- ligation model of neuropathy (LD [Kontinen et al.], 333 tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an inhibitory effects of barbiturates on nicotinic acetylcholine recep- Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1168 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Electrophysiology—Eye surgery tors in rat central nervous system neurons (LI) [Kamiya et al.], inadvertent caudal epidural injection of cefazolin (CO) [Mchaourab 694 and Ruiz], 184 isoflurane blocks synaptic plasticity in the mouse hippocampus (LID minimum analgesic dose of epidural sufentanil for first-stage labor {Simon et al.], 1058 analgesia: a comparison between spontaneous and prostag- local anesthetic inhibition of voltage-activated potassium currents in landin-induced labors in nulliparous women (CI) [Capogna et rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (LID [Komai and McDowell], al.], 740 1089 minimum local analgesic dose of intrathecal bupivacaine in labor mechanisms of isoflurane-mediated hyperpolarization of vascular and the effect of intrathecal fentanyl (CI [Stocks et al.], 593 smooth muscle in chronically hypertensive and normotensive opioids inhibit febrile responses in humans, whereas epidural anal- conditions (LD [Stekiel et al.], 496 gesia does not: an explanation for hyperthermia during epi- sensory processing in the deep spinal dorsal horn of neurokinin-1 dural analgesia (CD |Negishi et al.], 218 receptor knockout mice (LD [Weng et al.], 1105 Epileptogenesis suppression of potassium conductance by droperidol has influence intraoperative seizures in cardiac surgical patients undergoing deep on excitability of spinal sensory neurons (LID [Olschewski et hypothermic circulatory arrest monitored with EEG (CR) al.], 280 [Cheung et al.], 1143 Embolism, air. See Air embolism Epinephrine Embolism, fat. See Fat embolism decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after Endocrinology and metabolism. See Diabetes mellitus intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) Endothelial-derived relaxing factor and endothelin [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 365 inhibitory effects of etomidate and ketamine on endothelium-depen- epinephrine increases the neurotoxic potential of intrathecally ad- dent relaxation in canine pulmonary artery (LD [Ogawa et ministered lidocaine in the rat (LID [Hashimoto et al.], 876 al.], 668 Equipment and technology Endotoxin a closed xenon anesthesia delivery system (LR) [Dingley et al.], 173 decreased endotoxin immunity is associated with greater mortality compliance compensation of the Narkomed 6000 explained (CO) and/or prolonged hospitalization after surgery (CI [Bennett- [Feldman and Smith]. 543 Guerrero et al.], 992 compliance compensation of the Narkomed 6000 explained (CO) epidural anesthesia retards intestinal acidosis and reduces portal vein [Stevenson et al.], 544 endotoxin concentrations during progressive hypoxia in rab- CO, via CPAP mask? a near disaster (CO) [Campagna et al.], 544 bits (LD [Ai et al.], 263 electrical short circuit as a possible cause of death in patients on PCA propofol attenuates diaphragmatic dysfunction induced by septic machines: report on an opiate overdose and a possible pre- peritonitis in hamsters (LD [Mikawa et al.], 652 ventive remedy (CO) [Doyle et al.], 940 Endotracheal intubation. See a/so Intubation technique for using video microscopy and indicator dilution for the Combitube in elective surgery: a report of 200 cases (CI [Gaitini repeated measurements of cardiac output in small animals et al.], 79 (LD [Rivers et al.], 489 a comparison of tracheal tube tip designs on the passage of an a warm air blanket causes intraoperative airway obstruction (CR) endotracheal tube during oral fiberoptic intubation (CD [Warters et al.], 169 [Greer et al.], 729 Ergonovine distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ma- cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction induced by postpartum leck], 539 intravenous ergonovine administration (CR) [Tsui et al.], 363 distinguishing endotracheal and esophageal intubation (CO) [Ra- Etomidate phael], 539 inhibitory effects of etomidate and ketamine on endothelium-depen- effect of cricoid pressure on the success of endotracheal intubation dent relaxation in canine pulmonary artery (LI [Ogawa et with a lightwand (CI) [Hodgson et al.], 259 al.], 668 intramuscular rapacuronium in infants and children: a comparative Evidence-based medicine multicenter study to confirm the efficacy and safety of the the Cochrane Anesthesia Review Group (CO) [Moller et al.], 184 age-related tracheal intubating doses of intramuscular rapacu- Evoked potentials ronium (ORG 9487) in two groups of pediatric subjects (CID effect of propofol on H-reflex in humans (CD [Kerz et al.], 32 { Denman et al.], 3 the midlatency auditory evoked potentials predict responsiveness to LTA cannula can facilitate a difficult tracheal intubation (CO) [Fein- verbal commands in patients emerging from anesthesia with gold], 1153 xenon, isoflurane, and sevoflurane but not with nitrous oxide selective lobar-bronchial blocking for pediatric video-assisted tho- (CD [Goto et al.], 782 racic surgery (CR) [Takahashi et al.], 170 rapid extraction of middle-latency auditory-evoked potentials (CO) Epidural anesthesia and analgesia [Jensen and Litvan], 718 cardiovascular responses to the induction of mild hypothermia in Eye function and disease the presence of epidural anesthesia (LID [Yoshida et al.], 678 ischemic optic neuropathy after liver transplantation (CR) [Janicki et caudal ropivacaine in infants: population pharmacokinetics and al.], 361 plasma concentration (CI) [Hansen et al.], 579 ophthalmic anesthesia (CO) [Pinsker], 376 chlorhexidine versus povidone iodine in preventing colonization of peribulbar versus retrobulbar anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery: an continuous epidural catheters in children (CD [Kinirons et anatomical comparison of extraconal and intraconal injec- al.], 239 tions (CI) [Ripart et al.], 56 CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Ramanathan], 1151 sub-tenon eye block: approaching the ideal? (CO) [Ripart et al.], 377 CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Verma and Plaat], 1150 sub-tenon eye block: approaching the ideal? (CO) [Verma and Mak- decrease in T-wave amplitude without hemodynamic changes after ker], 376 intravascular injection of an epinephrine test dose (CR) on the use of topical anesthesia for cataract extraction surgery (CO) [Tanaka and Nishikawa], 365 [Sosis], 376 dose-response study of epidural ropivacaine for labor analgesia (CI) Eye surgery [Lee et al.], 767 ophthalmic anesthesia (CO) [Pinsker], 376 epidural anesthesia retards intestinal acidosis and reduces portal vein peribulbar versus retrobulbar anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery: an endotoxin concentrations during progressive hypoxia in rab- anatomical comparison of extraconal and intraconal injec- bits (LD [Ai et al.], 263 tions (CI) [Ripart et al.], 56 epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate sub-tenon eye block: approaching the ideal? (CO) [Ripart et al.], 377 depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index” sub-tenon eye block: approaching the ideal? (CO) [Verma and Mak- monitor (CI) [Hodgson and Liu], 799 ker], 376 Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1169 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 94 Eye surgery—Heart function and disease on the use of topical anesthesia for cataract extraction surgery (CO) Gene therapy [Sosis], 376 gene therapy for the management of pain: part I: methods and strategies (RA) [Wu et al.], 1119 is gene therapy in our future? (EV) [Bernards], 947 Geriatric patients nosocomial infections and outcome of critically ill elderly patients after surgery (CI) [Stéphan et al.], 407 Fat embolism Glucose and glucose metabolism prolonged coma after unreamed, locked nailing of femoral shaft CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Ramanathan], 1151 fracture (CR) [Byrick et al.], 163 CSE in labor and hypoglycemia (CO) [Verma and Plaat], 1150 Fentanyl effects of xenon on cerebral blood flow and cerebral glucose utili- cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- zation in rats (LD [Frietsch et al.], 290 tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an Glutamate and glutamate receptors echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- effect of the deficiency of spinal PSD-95/SAP90 on the minimum modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 alveolar anesthetic concentration of isoflurane in rats (LD minimum local analgesic dose of intrathecal bupivacaine in labor [Tao and Johns], 1010 and the effect of intrathecal fentanyl (CD [Stocks et al.], 593 Glycine and glycine receptors Fibrinolysis electrophysiologic evidence for increased endogenous GABAergic perioperative activation of hemostasis in vascular surgery patients but not glycinergic inhibitory tone in the rat spinal nerve (Cl) [Samama et al.], 74 ligation model of neuropathy (LD [Kontinen et al.], 333 Fluids and electrolytes Gynecology abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute preoperative anxiolysis and postoperative recovery in women un- to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia dergoing abdominal hysterectomy (CD [Kain et al.], 415 (CO) [Weiskopf et al.], 716 abnormal serum sodium and chloride concentrations may contribute H to cognitive dysfunction during severe isovolemic anemia (CO) [Williams], 716 Fluorocarbons Halothane effect of increasing perfluorocarbon dose on VA/Q distribution dur- cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- ing partial liquid ventilation in acute lung injury (LID [Lim et tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an al.], 637 echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- partial liquid ventilation reduces fluid filtration of isolated rabbit modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 lungs with acute hydrochloric acid-induced edema (LD [Loer halothane increases smooth muscle protein phosphatase in airway and Tarnow], 1045 smooth muscle (LID [Hanazaki et al.], 129 perfluorohexane attenuates proinflammatory and procoagulatory re- low concentrations of halothane increase response to a noxious sponse of activated monocytes and alveolar macrophages (LI) thermal stimulus and attenuate the antinociceptive effect of [Koch et al.], 101 intraventricular but not intrathecal morphine (LD [Drasner], 298 Heart arrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias Heart dysrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias Heart function and disease anesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children (CO) [Coté], 933 GABA and GABA receptors the Cardiac Anesthesia Risk Evaluation score: a clinically useful agent-selective effects of volatile anesthetics on GABA, receptor- predictor of mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery (CID mediated synaptic inhibition in hippocampal interneurons [Dupuis et al.], 194 (LD [Nishikawa and Maclver], 340 cardiac arrest after succinylcholine: mortality greater with rhabdo- anesthetic-like interaction of the sleep-inducing lipid oleamide with myolysis than receptor upregulation (RA) [Gronert], 523 voltage-gated sodium channels in mammalian brain (LD [Ni- cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction induced by postpartum cholson et al.], 120 intravenous ergonovine administration (CR) [Tsui et al.], 363 anesthetic properties of 4-iodopropofol: implications for mecha- cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fen- nisms of anesthesia (LD [Lingamaneni et al.], 1050 tanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an divergence of volatile anesthetic effects in inhibitory neurotransmit- echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and he- ter receptors (LD [Greenblatt and Meng], 1026 modynamics (CI) [Rivenes et al.], 223 electrophysiologic evidence for increased endogenous GABAergic cardiovascular responses to the induction of mild hypothermia in but not glycinergic inhibitory tone in the rat spinal nerve the presence of epidural anesthesia (LI [Yoshida et al.], 678 ligation model of neuropathy (LID [Kontinen et al.], 333 did anesthetics trigger cardiac arrests in patients with occult myop- isoflurane blocks synaptic plasticity in the mouse hippocampus (LD athies? (CO) [Larach et al.], 933 {Simon et al.], 1058 did anesthetics trigger cardiac arrests in patients with occult myop- Gas anesthesia and anesthetics. See Inhalation anesthesia and athies? (CO) [Morray], 934 anesthetics; Volatile anesthetics early preload adaptation in septic shock? a transesophageal echocar- Gastrointestinal function and disease diographic study (CD [Vieillard-Baron et al.], 400 critical hematocrit in intestinal tissue oxygenation during severe effects of isoflurane on intracellular calcium and myocardial cross- normovolemic hemodilution (LI) [van Bommel et al.], 152 bridge kinetics in tetanized papillary muscles (LD [Hannon et diffusion of xenon and nitrous oxide into the bowel (LD [Reinelt et al.], 856 al.], 475 effects of ketamine and its isomers on ischemic preconditioning in epidural anesthesia retards intestinal acidosis and reduces portal vein the isolated rat heart (LD [Molojavyi et al.], 623 endotoxin concentrations during progressive hypoxia in rab- electrocardiographic exercise stress testing for cardiac risk manage- bits (LD [Ai et al.], 263 ment in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery (CI [Gauss the use of intravenous nitroglycerin in a case of spasm of the et al.], 38 sphincter of Oddi during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LD is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) [Fleischer], {Toyoyama et al.], 708 161 Gender factors is coronary artery disease equivalent to ischemia? (CCC) |[Woehlck et gender-based differences in Na-K” adenosine triphosphatase activ- al.], 161 ity occur in the microcirculation of the diabetic rat brain (LR) ketamine, but not S(+)-ketamine, blocks ischemic preconditioning {Sieber et al.], 372 in rabbit hearts in vivo (LI) [Millenheim et al.|, 630 Anesthesiology, V 94, No 6, Jun 2001 1170