Table Of Content

Index of Issues: July, pp. 1-286; August, pp. 287-556; September, pp. 557-814; October, pp. 815-1046; November, pp. 1047-1306; December, pp. 1307-1672. SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Entries from JOURNAL departments are identified as follows: Case Reports—(CR); Clinical Investigations—(CD; Correspondence—(CO); Editorial Views—(EV); Educational Material—(EM); Laboratory Investigations—(LD; Laboratory Reports—(LR); Medical Intelligence Article—(MD; Practical Guidelines—(PG); Reports of Scientific Meetings—(SM); Review Article—(RA); Special Article—(SA); Web Site—(WS). A beta-blockade in non-cardiac surgical patients (CO) [Leung], 795, [Wallace], 796, [Warltier], 797 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 ug/ml improve epidural Acetaminophen fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI) [Cohen et al.], postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- 1354 tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect Acetylcholine against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- caine or salbutamol alone (CD [Groeben et al.], 862 trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants al.], 1074 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after Acid-base equilibrium the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow gel et al.], 741 and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI) [Kazmaier et al.], 831 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in intravenous almitrine bimesylate reversibly induces lactic acidosis septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CI) and hepatic dysfunction in patients with acute lung injury [Papazian et al.], 1089 (CD [B’chir et al.], 823 effect of adding a minidose of clonidine to intrathecal sufentanil for postoperative lactic acidosis in patients receiving metformin (CO) labor analgesia (CI) [Mercier et al.}], 594 {Lustik et al.], 266 effects of halothane and isoflurane on B-adrenoceptor-mediated re- specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser sponses in the vascular smooth muscle of rat aorta (LD and Vincent], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267 [Tanaka and Tsuchida], 1209 thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca**, and pH in rat ven- intravenous regional clonidine in the management of sympatheti- tricular myocytes (LI [Kanaya et al.], 202 cally maintained pain (CR) [Reuben et al.], 527 Acidosis. See also Lactic acidosis persistent alterations of the autonomic nervous system after noncar- choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes diac surgery (CI) [Amar et al.], 30 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 propofol-induced increase in vascular capacitance is due to inhibi- comparison of PH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on tion of sympathetic vasoconstrictive activity (LD [Hoka et al.]}, cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- 1495 mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 receptor-specific reversible sedation: beginning of new era of anes- Acute respiratory distress syndrome thesia? (EV) [Talke], 560 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in reversal of the sedative and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomi- septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CD dine with a specific a,-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole: [Papazian et al.], 1089 a pharmacodynamic and kinetic study in healthy volunteers phenylephrine and inhaled nitric oxide (CO) [Troncy and Blaise], (CD [Scheinen et al.], 574 538, [Doering et al.], 539 role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in Acylase neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- Adult respiratory distress syndrome pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer additive effect of nitric oxide inhalation on the oxygenation benefit 344 rats (LD [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 of the prone position in the adult respiratory distress syn- Adenosine drome (CIT [Germann et al.], 1401 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- Age factors vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- al.], 1037 parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LD [Kohane et al.], in reply [Kahn et al.], 1038 1199 external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous Aging pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LID [Kohane et al.], intrathecal adenosine administration (CI [Rane et al.], 1108 1199 a,-Adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors Air embolism Adrenergic agents and receptors air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- [Faure et al.}], 805 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [Rosen], 1036, [O’Brien], clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 1036 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1622 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Airway management—Anticholinesterases Airway management. See also Intubation role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 Almitrine complication of Bullard laryngoscope: dislodgement of tip-extender inhaled nitric oxide, almitrine infusion, or their coadministration as resulting in an upper airway foreign body (CO) [Marshall and a treatment of severe hypoxemic focal lung lesions (CD James], 1604 {Payen et al.], 1157 emergent airway management at a remote hospital location in a intravenous almitrine bimesylate reversibly induces lactic acidosis patient wearing a halo traction device (CO) [Cohn et al.], 545 and hepatic dysfunction in patients with acute lung injury EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal (CD [B’chir et al.], 823 teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 Alpha-2 adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors Flexiguide intubation guide to facilitate airway management with Alveolar macrophages WuScope system (CO) [O'Neill et al.], 545 intraoperative modulation of alveolar macrophage function during foreign body in the trachea originated from the inner wall of the isoflurane and propofol anesthesia (CD [Kotani et al.], 1125 univent tube (CO) [Harioka et al.], 1596 Ambulatory care post-anesthesia paradoxical vocal cord motion successfully treated recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia: a comparison to isoflurane with midazolam (CR) [Roberts et al.], 517 and propofol anesthesia (LD [Ebert et al.], 1524 Airway obstruction Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal tryptase levels are not increased during vancomycin-induced ana- teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 phylactoid reactions (CI [Renz et al.], 620 post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease may present with severe Anaphylactic shock airway obstruction (CR) [Hammer et al.], 263 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- problem in measuring the area of the pharynx endoscopically (CO) tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 {Nakura et al.], 541, [Isono], 542 Anatomy Airway smooth muscle massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case halothane attenuates calcium sensitization in airway smooth muscle report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) by inhibiting G-proteins (LD [Kai et al.], 1543 [Redl], 1262 role of intracellular Ca?* stores in the inhibitory effect of halothane transmural pressure of epidural veins in the thoracic and lumbar on airway smooth muscle contraction (LID [Yamakage et al.], spine of pigs (LD [Nystrom et al.], 449 165 Anesthetic solubility Alcohol and intoxication partition coefficients of volatile anesthetics in aqueous electrolyte common genetic determinants of halothane and isoflurane potencies solutions at various temperatures (LR) [H6nemann et al.], in Caenorhabditis elegans (LI) [van Swinderen et al.], 1509 1032 Alfentanil Aneurysm effects of alfentanil on the ventilatory response to sustained hypoxia a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture (CD [Cartwright et al.], 612 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 Algorithms epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled origin of the “algorithm” (CO) [Baraka et al.], 277 analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- Allergy ratory, and myocardial effects (CD [Boylan et al.], 585 occupational latex allergy: the end of innocence (EV) [Holzman and severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm Katz], 287 (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 prevalence of latex allergy among anesthesiologists: identification of spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- sensitized but asymptomatic individuals (CI) [Brown et al.], pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frolich], 1252 292 Angiography severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right tryptase levels are not increased during vancomycin-induced ana- coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.], 1099 phylactoid reactions (CD [Renz et al.], 620 Anticholinergics Allodynia legacy of Atropos, the Fate who cut the thread of life (SA) [Holz- AMPA/kainate antagonist LY293558 reduces capsaicin-evoked hy- man], 241 peralgesia but not pain in normal skin in humans (CI) [Sang Anticholinesterases et al.], 1060 cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists as novel analgesic agents (EV) trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et [Brennan], 1049 al.], 1074 intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- inhibition of the enzymic degradation of suxamethonium and miva- cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD curium increases the onset time of submaximal neuromuscu- {Lavand’homme et al.], 493 lar block (LD [Beaufort et al.], 707 peripheral morphine administration blocks the development of hy- intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- peralgesia and allodynia after bone damage in the rat (LD cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD (Houghton et al.], 190 [Lavand’homme et al.], 493 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1623 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Anticholinesterases—Barbiturates multi-center study of intrathecal neostigmine for analgesia following magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MI) [Gomez], 222 vaginal hysterectomy (CI) [Lauretti et al.], 913 Arterial oxygenation Antiemetics. See Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetics improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital Antinociception heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], epigastric antinociception by cervical dorsal column lesions in rats 1586 (LD [Feng et al.], 411 inhaled nitric oxide, almitrine infusion, or their coadministration as interaction of intrathecally infused morphine and lidocaine in rats a treatment of severe hypoxemic focal lung lesions (CD (part D: synergistic antinociceptive effects (LI) [Saito et al.], [Payen et al.], 1157 1455 Arteriovenous shunt interaction of intrathecally infused morphine and lidocaine in rats upper extremity veno-arterial shunting during pediatric orthotopic (part ID: effects on the development of tolerance to mor- liver transplantation (CR) [Henderson et al.], 1247 phine (LD [Saito et al.], 1464 Arthroscopic surgery intrathecal adenosine administration (CI [Rane et al.], 1108 air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) spinal nitric oxide mediates antinociception from intravenous mor- [Faure et al.], 805 phine (LD [Song et al.], 215 Artifacts Anxiety evoked potential monitoring and EKG: a case of a serious “cardiac parental presence during induction of anesthesia versus sedative arrhythmia” (CR) [Diachun et al.], 1270 premedication: which intervention is more effective? (CD Aspirin [Kain et al.], 1147 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- Anxiolytics tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target Asthma controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CD acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement {Somma et al.], 1430 (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) (Sprung et al.], 803 controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect bypass grafting (CD [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- Aortic aneurysm caine or salbutamol alone (CD [Groeben et al.], 862 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Atelectasis analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CI) [Tenling et ratory, and myocardial effects (CD [Boylan et al.], 585 al.j, 371 sevete hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 [Sprung et al.], 803 Aortic compliance Atenolol cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with effects of atenolol on postoperative myocardial ischemia (CO) [Lus- dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 tik et al.], 794 Aortic crossclamping Atipamezole adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- reversal of the sedative and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomi- vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et dine with a specific a,-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole: al.}, 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 a pharmacodynamic and kinetic study in healthy volunteers Apnea testing (CD [Scheinen et al.], 574 tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of Atrial fibrillation brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- Aprotinin praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) Awareness. See Psychology, memory, and awareness {Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 Arachidonic acid metabolism aspirin synergistically potentiates isoflurane minimum alveolar con- Back pain centration reduction produced by morphine in the rat (LD local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain [Gomez de Segura et al.], 1489 after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CID [Wang et al.], 1414 Arrhythmias Bacteriology B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- source of epidural infection following epidural analgesia identified praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (CR) [Sakuragi et al.], 1254 effects of sevoflurane on QT interval in a patient with congenital Barbiturates long QT syndrome (CR) [Gallagher et al.], 1569 effect of intravenous anesthetics on spontaneous and endotoxin- heart rate variability during chemical thoracic sympathectomy (CD stimulated cytokine response in cultured human whole blood {Hirose et al.], 666 (LD [Larsen et al.], 1218 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1624 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Barbiturates—Brain function and disease is lack of statistical power always evidence of lack of effect? (CO) induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant [Tommasino], 798, [Warner and Dexter], 799 hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- intraoperative heparin flushes and subsequent acute heparin-in- larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat duced thrombocytopenia (CR) [Ling and Warkentin], 1567 hippocampal and cortical slices (LID [Zhan et al.], 456 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- Beecher, Henry K. tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 Henry K. Beecher, M.D.: an historical perspective? (CO) [Bacon], treatment of pulmonary embolism during cesarean section with 792, [Gravenstein], 794 recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (CR) [Nishimura et Behavioral testing al.], 1027 repetitive post-training exposure to enflurane modifies spatial mem- Blood conservation ory in mice (LD [Komatsu et al.], 1184 the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) Belladonna [Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 legacy of Atropos, the Fate who cut the thread of life (SA) [Holz- Blood loss man], 241 blood loss from a defective needleless arterial sampling port (CO) Benzodiazepines and antagonists [Michelsen and Zaffer], 275 effect of intravenous anesthetics on spontaneous and endotoxin- the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) stimulated cytokine response in cultured human whole blood {Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 (LD [Larsen et al.], 1218 Blood pressure isobolographic analysis of the interactions between midazolam and assessing fluid responsiveness by the systolic pressure variation in propofol at GABA, receptors in embryonic mouse neurons mechanically ventilated patients (EV) [Perel], 1309 (LD [McAdam et al.], 1444 effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target sure (CD [Halliwill et al.], 1373 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CI intrathecal sufentanil produces sensory changes without hypoten- [Somma et al.], 1430 sion in male volunteers (CI) [Riley et al.], 73 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target systolic pressure variation as a guide to fluid therapy in patients with controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery sepsis-induced hypotension (CD [Tavernier et al.], 1313 bypass grafting (CI) [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 Blood transfusions post-anesthesia paradoxical vocal cord motion successfully treated the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) with midazolam (CR) [Roberts et al.], 517 [Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 Beta blockade Reid and Nance (eds.), Red Cell Transfusion: A Practical Guide B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- (EM) [Gregoretti], 1301 praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CD [Balser et al.], 1052 transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALD complicating colec- Bier block tomy for ulcerative colitis (CR) [Keifer et al.], 1020 the centennial of spinal anesthesia (SA) [Wulf], 500 upper extremity veno-arterial shunting during pediatric orthotopic low-dose lidocaine suppresses experimentally induced hyperalgesia liver transplantation (CR) [Henderson et al.], 1247 in humans (CI) [Koppert et al.], 1345 Blood volume measurement Biguanide blood volume measurement: the next intraoperative monitor? (EV) specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser [Barker], 1310 and Vincent], 267 blood volume measurement at the bedside using ICG pulse spectro- Bispectral index photometry (CID [Haruna et al.], 1322 bispectral EEG index during nitric oxide administration (CID [Rampil circulating blood volume measured by pulse dye-densitometry: com- et al.], 671 parison with 131I-HSA analysis (CD [fijima et al.], 1329 EEGs, EEG processing, and the bispectral index (EV) [Todd], 815 Body piercing primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia (RA) [Rampil], 980 tongue rings: just say no (CO) [Rosenberg et al.], 1279, [Mandabach quantitative EEG correlations with brain glucose metabolic rate et al.], 1279 during anesthesia in volunteers (CD [Alkire], 323 Bone injury unreasonable low BIS values in a volunteer with genetically deter- peripheral morphine administration blocks the development of hy- mined low voltage EEG (CO) [Schnider et al.], 1607 peralgesia and allodynia after bone damage in the rat (LI Bleeding [Houghton et al.], 190 intraoperative heparin flushes and subsequent acute heparin-in- Brain and brain function duced thrombocytopenia (CR) [Ling and Warkentin], 1567 impact of systemic vasoconstrictors on the cerebral circulation of Blood-brain barrier anesthetized patients (CD [Strebel et al.], 67 barrier properties of the spinal meninges are markedly decreased by Brain death freezing meningeal tissues (LR) [Thompson and Bernards], tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of 1276 brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 Blood coagulation Brain function and disease differential effect of halothane and forskolin on platelet cytosolic acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- Ca?* mobilization and aggregation (LD [Corbin et al.], 401 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- clase moiety (CI) [Booth et al.], 602 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1625 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Brain function and disease—Carbon dioxide anesthetic agents and hypothermia in ischemic brain protection (EV) prolonged intercostal nerve blockade in sheep using controlled- [Bhardwaj and Kirsch], 289 release of bupivacaine and dexamethasone from polymer cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ microspheres (LID [Drager et al.], 969 NO and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CIT) [Ostapkovich et al.], re-examination of tetrodotoxin. for prolonged duration local anesthe- 358 sia (LD [Kohane et al.], 119 cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CIT [Ka- parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LI [Kohane et al.]}, wata et al.], 887 1199 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on Burn injury cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LI [Kurth et al.], 110 (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 differential effects of anesthetic agents on outcome from near-com- anesthesia for major thermal injury (RA) [MacLennan et al.], 749 plete but not incomplete global ischemia in the rat (LD [Miura peripheral analgesic effects of ketamine in acute inflammatory pain et al.], 391 (CI) [Pedersen et al.], 58 differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after Butorphanol cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest transnasal butorphanol is effective for postoperative pain relief in (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 children undergoing myringotomy (CD [Bennie et al.], 385 is lack of statistical power always evidence of lack of effect? (CO) [Tommasino], 798, [Warner and Dexter], 799 isoflurane and sevoflurane induce vasodilation of cerebral vessels via Cc ATP-sensitive K* channel activation (LD [lida et al.], 954 local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and Calcium and calcium channels. See a/so Ions and ion channels flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- anesthetic-induced alteration of Ca** homeostasis in neural cells: a rane anesthesia in rats (LD [Lenz et al.], 1480 temperature-sensitive process that is enhanced by blockade repetitive post-training exposure to enflurane modifies spatial mem- of plasma membrane Ca?*-ATPase isoforms (LD [Franks et ory in mice (LD [Komatsu et al.], 1184 al.], 149 thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca?*], induced by membrane depo- differential effect of halothane and forskolin on platelet cytosolic larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat Ca?* mobilization and aggregation (LI [Corbin et al.], 401 hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 differential effects of fentanyl and morphine on intracellular Ca** Brain stem transients and contraction in rat ventricular myocytes (LD total spinal anesthesia following epidural saline injection after pro- {Kanay et al.], 1532 longed epidural anesthesia (CR) [Park et al.], 1267 effects of halothane and isoflurane on B-adrenoceptor-mediated re- Breast milk and lactation sponses in the vascular smooth muscle of rat aorta (LI secretion of dantrolene into breast milk after acute therapy of a [Tanaka and Tsuchida], 1209 suspected malignant hyperthermia crisis during cesarean sec- halothane attenuates calcium sensitization in airway smooth muscle tion (CR) [Fricker et al.], 1023 by inhibiting G-proteins (LD [Kai et al.], 1543 Bronchoalveolar lavage mechanisms of isoflurane-increased submaximum Ca?*-activated intraoperative modulation of alveolar macrophage function during force in rabbit skinned femoral arterial strips (LD [Toda and isoflurane and propofol anesthesia (CD [Kotani et al.], 1125 Su], 731 Bronchospasm role of intracellular Ca?* stores in the inhibitory effect of halothane acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement on airway smooth muscle contraction (LD [Yamakage et al.], (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 165 bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca** and pH in rat ven- [Sprung et al.], 803 tricular myocytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 202 combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat caine or salbutamol aione (CI) [Groeben et al.], 862 hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 Buccal absorption Calcium channel blockade oral etomidate (CO) [Lauretti], 1280, [Streisand], 1281 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- Bupivacaine praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 g/ml improve epidural Capnography fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI [Cohen et al.], another cause of a prolonged downstroke in the capnograph (CO) 1354 [Ti and Dhara], 801 dose-dependent reduction of the minimum local analgesic concen- Capsaicin tration of bupivacaine by sufentanil for epidural analgesia in AMPA/kainate antagonist LY293558 reduces capsaicin-evoked hy- labor (CID) [Polley et al.], 626 peralgesia but not pain in normal skin in humans (CD [Sang epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled et al.], 1060 analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- Carbon dioxide ratory, and myocardial effects (CID [Boylan et al.], 585 cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1626 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Carbon dioxide—Cardiopulmonary resuscitation N,O and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CI) [Ostapkovich et al.], replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [O’Brien], 1036, [Rosen], 358 1036 cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with Cardiomyocytes diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CI) [Ka- differential effects of fentanyl and morphine on intracellular Ca** wata et al.], 887 transients and contraction in rat ventricular myocytes (LI choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes [Kanay et al.], 1532 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca**> and pH in rat ven- comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on tricular myocytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 202 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- Cardiomyopathy mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with effects of hyperventilation and hypocapnic/normocapnic hypox- dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 emia on renal function and lithium clearance in humans (CI) dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants {Olsen et al.], 1389 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after effects of intraabdominally insufflated carbon dioxide and elevated the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- intraabdominal pressure on splanchnic circulation: an exper- gel et al.], 741 imental study in pigs (LD [Blobner et al.], 475 myocardial effects of desflurane in hamsters with hypertrophic car- effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow diomyopathy (LD [Vivien et al.], 1191 and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI Cardioplegia influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- {[Kazmaier et al.], 831 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming coronary artery (CI [Aronson et al.], 1099 from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CI) [Hanel et Cardioprotection al.], 19 magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MD [Gomez], 222 method for measuring carbon dioxide at the tracheal stoma (CO) Cardiopulmonary bypass [Williams et al.], 799 acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [Rosen], 1036, [O’Brien], ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- 1036 clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 Carbon monoxide comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on mechanistic aspects of carbon monoxide formation from volatile cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- anesthetics (LI [Baxter et al.], 929 mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 Cardiac arrhythmias. See Arrhythmias differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after Cardiac output cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest continuous cardiac output catheters: delay in in vitro response time (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 after controlled flow changes (LR) [Aranda et al.], 1592 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients) with heparin- iniraoperative determination of cardiac output using multiplane induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant transesophageal echocardiography: a comparison to ther- hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 modilution (CD [Perrino et al.], 350 hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming Cardiac surgery. See also Cardiovascular anesthesia from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CI) [Hanel et atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CD [Tenling et al.], 19 al.], 371 hyperprolactinemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmo- choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes nary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 (CD {Hensel et al.], 93 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on jugular venous hemoglobin desaturation during rewarming on car- cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- diopulmonary bypass: what does it mean, what does it mat- mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 ter? (EV) [Hindman], 3 DiNardo (ed.), Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery, 2nd edition (EM) left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal [Nielsen], 1302 echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG hyperprolactinemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmo- embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 nary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass nitric oxide inhibits neutrophil adhesion during experimental extra- (CD [Hensel et al.], 93 corporeal circulation (LD [Chello et al.], 443 > intraoperative awareness in fast-track cardiac anesthesia (CD [Dowd pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], et al.], 1068 1580 perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter Cardiopulmonary resuscitation during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery cardiac massage: a method rescued from oblivion (SA) [Juvin and (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 J-M Desmonts], 771 pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- 1580 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frélich], 1252 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1627 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Cardiovascular anesthesia—Central venous catheter/catheterization Cardiovascular anesthesia. See also Cardiac surgery severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frdlich], 1252 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- Cardiovascular function and disease. See a/so Heart function and vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Kahn et al.], disease 1038, [Weigand et al.], 1037 cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with anesthesia safety, outcomes, and prospective study design (CO) dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 [Price and Carpenter], 790, [Auroy et al.], 791 jugular venous hemoglobin desaturation during rewarming on car- atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CIT) [Tenling et diopulmonary bypass: what does it mean, what does it mat- al.j, 371 ter? (EV) [Hindman], 3 combined use of transesophageal echocardiography and basket cath- magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MI) [Gomez], 222 eter can prevent tumor embolism in a patient with renal cell predicting long-term postoperative cardiovascular outcomes (CO) carcinoma (CR) [Tanaka et al.], 1015 {Litwack and DeGruttola], 1286, [Badner and Gelb], 1287, comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by [Mangano], 1288 transesophageal echocardiography with automated border Cardiovascular pharmacology detection (CD [Declerk et al.], 341 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- concentration-response relationships for fentanyl and sufentanil in vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CD al.], 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 [Thomson et al.], 852 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CD early hemodynamic changes following emergency mitral valve re- placement for traumatic mitral insufficiency following bal- [Papazian et al.], 1089 external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous loon mitral valvotomy: report of six cases (CR) [Tempe et al.]}, pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- 1583 ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- Carotid artery puncture induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Carotid endarterectomy aralgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical ratory, and myocardial effects (CI) [Boylan et al.], 585 plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CD [Stone- external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous ham et al.], 907 pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- Catecholamines ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CD [Balser et al.}], 1052 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right dobutamine antagonizes epinephrine’s biochemical and cardiotonic coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.}, 1099 effects: results of an in vitro model using human lympho- intraoperative awareness in fast-track cardiac anesthesia (CI) [Dowd cytes and a clinical study in patients recovering from cardiac et al.], 1068 surgery (CI) [Prielipp et al.j, 49 intraoperative determination of cardiac output using multiplane isoflurane and sevoflurane augment norepinephrine responses to transesophageal echocardiography: a comparison to ther- surgical noxious stimulation in humans (CI [Segawa et al.], modilution (CI) [Perrino et al.], 350 1407 left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal myocardial effects of desflurane in hamsters with hypertrophic car- echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG diomyopathy (LD [Vivien et al.], 1191 embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 persistent alterations of the autonomic nervous system after noncar- no evidence of ischemic preconditioning during coronary revascu- diac surgery (CID [Amar et al.], 30 larization (CO) [Lennon], 1601 Catheterization, central venous. See Central venous catheter/ perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter catheterization during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery Catheterization, epidural. See Epidural anesthesia and analgesia (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 Catheterization, pulmonary artery. See Pulmonary artery cath- perfuse or precondition? (CO) [Borges and Coulson], 1600 eter/catheterization pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], CD-ROM 1580 Tamburini (ed.), Quality of Life Assessment in Medicine. A CD-ROM population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target for Windows, Issue 2 (EM) [Raja and Haythornthwaite], 1043 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CI Wall and Melzack (eds.), Textbook of Pain on CD-ROM (EM) [Somma et al.], 1430 [Schell], 552 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target Central venous catheter/catheterization controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery complex regional pain syndrome type II as a complication of sub- bypass grafting (CD [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 clavian catheter insertion (CO) [Burton et al.], 804 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1628 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Central venous catheter/catheterization—Cholinesterase a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume is the primary determinant (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 of sensory block extent and duration during spinal anesthesia perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter (CD [Carpenter et al.], 24 during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery Cervical plexus blocks (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CD [Stone- central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 ham et al.], 907 Centroneuraxial blockade Cervical spine movement local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain emergent airway management at a remote hospital location in a after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CI) [Wang et al.], 1414 patient wearing a halo traction device (CO) [Cohn et al.], 545 Cerebral aneurysm massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 {Redl], 1262 Cerebral blood flow Cesarean delivery. See also Obstetric anesthesia cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ anesthesia for cesarean section in a pituitary dwarf (CR) [Ratner and NO and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CI) [Ostapkovich et al.], Hamilton], 253 358 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 ug/ml improve epidural cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI) [Cohen et al.], diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CI) [Ka- 1354 wata et al.], 887 effect of propofol on isolated human pregnant uterine muscle (CI) choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes [Shin et al.], 105 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- obstetric anesthesia 1988-1996 in Northrhine/Germany: results of mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 the perinatal survey at the chambers of physicians (CO) hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming [Josten et al.], 1288 from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CIT [Hianel et randomized study of combined spinal-epidural analgesia versus in- al.], 19 travenous meperidine during labor: impact on cesarean de- impact of systemic vasoconstrictors on the cerebral circulation of livery rate (CI) [Gambling et al.], 1336 anesthetized patients (CD [Strebel et al.], 67 secretion of dantrolene into breast milk after acute therapy of a isoflurane and sevoflurane induce vasodilation of cerebral vessels via suspected malignant hyperthermia crisis during cesarean sec- ATP-sensitive K* channel activation (LD [lida et al.], 954 tion (CR) [Fricker et al.], 1023 local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and treatment of pulmonary embolism during cesarean section with flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (CR) [Nishimura et rane anesthesia in rats (LID [Lenz et al.], 1480 al.], 1027 Cerebral ischemia/anoxia c-fos anesthetic agents and hypothermia in ischemic brain protection (EV) differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after {Bhardwaj and Kirsch], 289 cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on Chemistry cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer differential effects of anesthetic agents on outcome from near-com- 344 rats (LD [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 plete but not incomplete global ischemia in the rat (LD [Miura mechanistic aspects of carbon monoxide formation from volatile et al.j, 391 anesthetics (LI) [Baxter et al.], 929 thiopenial inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- Chemoreceptors larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat carotid body chemorecptor function is impaired by vecuronium hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 during hypoxia (LD [Wyon et al.], 1471 Cerebral metabolism Cholinesterase local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD) [Shafer et rane anesthesia in rats (LI [Lenz et al.], 1480 al.], 1074 quantitative EEG correlations with brain glucose metabolic rate inhibition of the enzymic degradation of suxamethonium and miva- during anesthesia in volunteers (CI [Alkire], 323 curiuin increases the onset time of submaximal neuromuscu- Cerebrospinal fluid lar block (LD [Beaufort et al.], 707 cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD al.], 1074 {[Lavand’homme et al.], 493 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1629 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Cholinesterase—Complications multi-center study of intrathecal neostigmine for analgesia following induced lung injury with intrathecal prostaglandin E, during vaginal hysterectomy (CI) [Lauretti et al.], 913 partial liquid ventilation (LID [Nakazawa et al.], 686 Circulatory arrest Cisatracurium adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- comparative clinical pharmacology of rocuronium, cisatracurium, vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et and their combination (CI [Naguib et al.], 1116 al.j], 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 high concentration cisatracurium ICU solution (CO) [Nishio et al.], comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on 1605 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- Clinical trials mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 efficacy and costs of patient-controlled analgesia versus regularly differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after administered intramuscular opioid therapy (CD [Choiniére et cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest al.], 1377 (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Circulatory physiology aad hemodynamics analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- ratory, and myocardial effects (CI [Boylan et al.], 585 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- value of presenting the time-course of pain relief in analgesic trials clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 (CO) [Goudas and Carr], 1602 blood volume measurement: the next intraoperative monitor? (EV) Clonidine [Barker], 1310 effect of adding a minidose of clonidine to intrathecal sufentanil for blood volume measurement at the bedside using ICG pulse spectro- labor analgesia (CD [Mercier et al.], 594 photometry (CD [Haruna et al.], 1322 intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 [Lavand’homme et al.], 493 comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by intravenous regional clonidine in the management of sympatheti- transesophageal echocardiography with automated border cally maintained pain (CR) [Reuben et al.], 527 detection (CI [Declerk et al.], 341 role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after value of presenting the time-course of pain relief in analgesic trials the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- (CO) [Goudas and Carr], 1602 gel et al.], 741 Coagulation. See Blood coagulation early hemodynamic changes following emergency mitral valve re- Compartment syndrome placement for traumatic mitral insufficiency following bal- effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- loon mitral valvotomy: report of six cases (CR) [Tempe et al.], sure (CID) [Hailiwill et al.], 1373 1583 Complications. See also Postoperative complications; Postoper- effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- ative pain sure (CI) [Halliwill et al.], 1373 accidental intravascular placement of a feeding tube (CR) [Duthorn effects of intraabdominally insufflated carbon dioxide and elevated et al.], 251 intraabdominal pressure on splanchnic circulation: an exper- acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement imental study in pigs (LD [Blobner et al.], 475 (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI [Faure et al.], 805 [Kazmaier et al.], 831 airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 1586 anesthesia safety, outcomes, and prospective study design (CO) isoflurane and sevoflurane augment norepinephrine responses to [Price and Carpenter], 790, [Auroy et al.], 791 surgical noxious stimulation in humans (CD [Segawa et al.], bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) 1407 [Sprung et al.}, 803 preservation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during sevoflu- complex regional pain syndrome type II as a complication of sub- rane and desflurane anesthesia compared to the conscious clavian catheter insertion (CO) [Burton et al.], 804 state in chronically instrumented dogs (LI [Lesitsky et al.], complication of Bullard laryngoscope: dislodgement of tip-extender 1501 resulting in an upper airway foreign body (CO) [Marshall and propofol-induced increase in vascular capacitance is due to inhibi- James], 1604 tion of sympathetic vasoconstrictive activity (LD [Hoka et al.], a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture 1495 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 systolic pressure variation as a guide to fluid therapy in patients with does anesthesiology, like history, repeat itself? (CO) [Eisenach and sepsis-induced hypotension (CD [Tavernier et al.], 1313 D'Angelo], 542, [Joos and Van Steenberge], 542 transmural pressure of epidural veins in the thoracic and lumbar early fat embolism after liposuction (CO) [Fourme et al.], 782 spine of pigs (LD [Nystrom et al.], 449 effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- treatment of pulmonary hypertension and hypoxia due to oleic acid sure (C1) [Halliwill et al.], 1373 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1630 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Complications—Cooperative management effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on cellular immune re- severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated sponses (CI) [Beilin et al.], 1133 central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 electrical fires in Hewlett-Packard monitors due to saline contami- small doses of sufentanil will produce violent coughing in young nation (CR) [Reynolds et al.], 521 children (CO) [Yemen], 271, [Bennett et al.], 272 fatal pulmonary fat embolism in early postoperative period (CR) source of epidural infection following epidural analgesia identified {Heine et al.], 1589 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (CR) [Sakuragi et al.], 1254 foreign body in the trachea originated from the inner wall of the specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser univent tube (CO) [Harioka et al.], 1596 and Vincent], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267 general anesthesia for a patient with centronuclear (myotubular) spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- myopathy (CR) [Gottschalk et al.], 1018 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frélich], 1252 heart rate variability during chemical thoracic sympathectomy (CID Streptococcus salivarius meningitis after spinal anesthesia (CR) [Hirose et al.], 666 {Laurila et al.], 1579 incompatibility of propofol emulsion with anesthetic drugs (CO) tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of [Lamontagne et al.], 1609 brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 is your pulmonary artery catheter shedding? (CO) [Olhoeft], 544, third degree heart block and asystole associated with spinal anesthe- [Moore], 544, [Erb and Ramsay], 543 sia (CR) [Jordi et al.], 257 left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal total spinal anesthesia following epidural saline injection after pro- echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG longed epidural anesthesia (CR) [Park et al.], 1267 embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALD complicating colec- local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain tomy for ulcerative colitis (CR) [Keifer et al.], 1020 after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CI) [Wang et al.], 1414 transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia: an epidemi- massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case ologic study of 1,863 patients (CI [Freedman et al.], 633 report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) transient neurologic symptoms when phenylephrine is added to [Redl], 1262 tetracaine spinal anesthesia-an alternative (CO) [Lambert], metallic mercury leak from the esophageal bougy and postoperative 274, [Sakura and Drasner], 274, [Rowlingson], 275 chest pain (CO) [Taylor and Kamaya], 548 unusual cause of intravenous catheter obstruction (CO) [Stone and multicenter study of contaminated percutaneous injuries in anesthe- Leon], 276 sia personnel (CI [Greene et al.], 1362 use of a guide wire to facilitate tracheal intubation with the Bullard neurologic symptom associated with a repeated injection after failed laryngoscope (CO) [Ringwalt], 805 spinal anesthesia (CO) [Hirabayashi et al.], 1294 Compound A oral ketamine for the management of combative autistic adult (CO) effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on renal function and on pos- [Bachenberg], 549 sible markers of nephrotoxicity (CI [Higuchi et al.], 307 perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 344 rats (LID [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 pituitary apoplexy following mitrai valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], Computed tomography (CT) 1580 atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CI [Tenling et pneumothorax during endoscopic extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy an), 371 (CO) [Toyoshima et al.], 1040 Computers postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- medical information on the Internet (SA) [Rampil], 1233 tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 Congenital heart disease postoperative lactic acidosis in patients receiving metformin (CO) improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital {Lustik et al.], 266 heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], potential cause for medication administration error (CO) [Donahue 1586 and Needleman], 800 Continuous infusion predicting malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (CO) [Allen], 797, population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target [Fierobe], 798 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CID prevalence of latex allergy among anesthesiologists: identification of {[Somma et al.], 1430 sensitized but asymptomatic individuals (CI) [Brown et al.], population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target 292 controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery prolonged loss of consciousness and elevated porphyrins following bypass grafting (CI [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 propofol administrations (CR) [Asirvatham et al.], 1029 Contrast echocardiography proposal for new temperature monitoring and thermal management influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- guidelines (CO) [Sessler], 1298 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.], 1099 plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CI [Stone- Cooperative management ham et al.], 907 combined use of transesophageal echocardiography and basket cath- pulse oximetry probe adhesive disks: a potential for infant aspiration eter can prevent tumor embolism in a patient with renal cell (CO) [Reddy and Cook-Sather], 1603 carcinoma (CR) [Tanaka et al.], 1015 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998

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Index of Issues: July, pp. 1-286; August, pp. 287-556; September, pp. 557-814; October, pp. 815-1046; November, pp. 1047-1306; December, pp. 1307-1672. SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Entries from JOURNAL departments are identified as follows: Case Reports—(CR); Clinical Investigations—(CD; Correspondence—(CO); Editorial Views—(EV); Educational Material—(EM); Laboratory Investigations—(LD; Laboratory Reports—(LR); Medical Intelligence Article—(MD; Practical Guidelines—(PG); Reports of Scientific Meetings—(SM); Review Article—(RA); Special Article—(SA); Web Site—(WS). A beta-blockade in non-cardiac surgical patients (CO) [Leung], 795, [Wallace], 796, [Warltier], 797 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 ug/ml improve epidural Acetaminophen fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI) [Cohen et al.], postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- 1354 tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect Acetylcholine against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- caine or salbutamol alone (CD [Groeben et al.], 862 trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants al.], 1074 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after Acid-base equilibrium the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow gel et al.], 741 and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI) [Kazmaier et al.], 831 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in intravenous almitrine bimesylate reversibly induces lactic acidosis septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CI) and hepatic dysfunction in patients with acute lung injury [Papazian et al.], 1089 (CD [B’chir et al.], 823 effect of adding a minidose of clonidine to intrathecal sufentanil for postoperative lactic acidosis in patients receiving metformin (CO) labor analgesia (CI) [Mercier et al.}], 594 {Lustik et al.], 266 effects of halothane and isoflurane on B-adrenoceptor-mediated re- specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser sponses in the vascular smooth muscle of rat aorta (LD and Vincent], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267 [Tanaka and Tsuchida], 1209 thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca**, and pH in rat ven- intravenous regional clonidine in the management of sympatheti- tricular myocytes (LI [Kanaya et al.], 202 cally maintained pain (CR) [Reuben et al.], 527 Acidosis. See also Lactic acidosis persistent alterations of the autonomic nervous system after noncar- choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes diac surgery (CI) [Amar et al.], 30 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 propofol-induced increase in vascular capacitance is due to inhibi- comparison of PH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on tion of sympathetic vasoconstrictive activity (LD [Hoka et al.]}, cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- 1495 mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 receptor-specific reversible sedation: beginning of new era of anes- Acute respiratory distress syndrome thesia? (EV) [Talke], 560 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in reversal of the sedative and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomi- septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CD dine with a specific a,-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole: [Papazian et al.], 1089 a pharmacodynamic and kinetic study in healthy volunteers phenylephrine and inhaled nitric oxide (CO) [Troncy and Blaise], (CD [Scheinen et al.], 574 538, [Doering et al.], 539 role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in Acylase neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- Adult respiratory distress syndrome pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer additive effect of nitric oxide inhalation on the oxygenation benefit 344 rats (LD [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 of the prone position in the adult respiratory distress syn- Adenosine drome (CIT [Germann et al.], 1401 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- Age factors vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- al.], 1037 parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LD [Kohane et al.], in reply [Kahn et al.], 1038 1199 external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous Aging pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LID [Kohane et al.], intrathecal adenosine administration (CI [Rane et al.], 1108 1199 a,-Adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors Air embolism Adrenergic agents and receptors air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- [Faure et al.}], 805 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [Rosen], 1036, [O’Brien], clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 1036 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1622 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Airway management—Anticholinesterases Airway management. See also Intubation role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 Almitrine complication of Bullard laryngoscope: dislodgement of tip-extender inhaled nitric oxide, almitrine infusion, or their coadministration as resulting in an upper airway foreign body (CO) [Marshall and a treatment of severe hypoxemic focal lung lesions (CD James], 1604 {Payen et al.], 1157 emergent airway management at a remote hospital location in a intravenous almitrine bimesylate reversibly induces lactic acidosis patient wearing a halo traction device (CO) [Cohn et al.], 545 and hepatic dysfunction in patients with acute lung injury EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal (CD [B’chir et al.], 823 teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 Alpha-2 adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors Flexiguide intubation guide to facilitate airway management with Alveolar macrophages WuScope system (CO) [O'Neill et al.], 545 intraoperative modulation of alveolar macrophage function during foreign body in the trachea originated from the inner wall of the isoflurane and propofol anesthesia (CD [Kotani et al.], 1125 univent tube (CO) [Harioka et al.], 1596 Ambulatory care post-anesthesia paradoxical vocal cord motion successfully treated recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia: a comparison to isoflurane with midazolam (CR) [Roberts et al.], 517 and propofol anesthesia (LD [Ebert et al.], 1524 Airway obstruction Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal tryptase levels are not increased during vancomycin-induced ana- teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 phylactoid reactions (CI [Renz et al.], 620 post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease may present with severe Anaphylactic shock airway obstruction (CR) [Hammer et al.], 263 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- problem in measuring the area of the pharynx endoscopically (CO) tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 {Nakura et al.], 541, [Isono], 542 Anatomy Airway smooth muscle massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case halothane attenuates calcium sensitization in airway smooth muscle report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) by inhibiting G-proteins (LD [Kai et al.], 1543 [Redl], 1262 role of intracellular Ca?* stores in the inhibitory effect of halothane transmural pressure of epidural veins in the thoracic and lumbar on airway smooth muscle contraction (LID [Yamakage et al.], spine of pigs (LD [Nystrom et al.], 449 165 Anesthetic solubility Alcohol and intoxication partition coefficients of volatile anesthetics in aqueous electrolyte common genetic determinants of halothane and isoflurane potencies solutions at various temperatures (LR) [H6nemann et al.], in Caenorhabditis elegans (LI) [van Swinderen et al.], 1509 1032 Alfentanil Aneurysm effects of alfentanil on the ventilatory response to sustained hypoxia a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture (CD [Cartwright et al.], 612 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 Algorithms epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled origin of the “algorithm” (CO) [Baraka et al.], 277 analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- Allergy ratory, and myocardial effects (CD [Boylan et al.], 585 occupational latex allergy: the end of innocence (EV) [Holzman and severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm Katz], 287 (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 prevalence of latex allergy among anesthesiologists: identification of spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- sensitized but asymptomatic individuals (CI) [Brown et al.], pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frolich], 1252 292 Angiography severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right tryptase levels are not increased during vancomycin-induced ana- coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.], 1099 phylactoid reactions (CD [Renz et al.], 620 Anticholinergics Allodynia legacy of Atropos, the Fate who cut the thread of life (SA) [Holz- AMPA/kainate antagonist LY293558 reduces capsaicin-evoked hy- man], 241 peralgesia but not pain in normal skin in humans (CI) [Sang Anticholinesterases et al.], 1060 cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists as novel analgesic agents (EV) trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et [Brennan], 1049 al.], 1074 intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- inhibition of the enzymic degradation of suxamethonium and miva- cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD curium increases the onset time of submaximal neuromuscu- {Lavand’homme et al.], 493 lar block (LD [Beaufort et al.], 707 peripheral morphine administration blocks the development of hy- intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- peralgesia and allodynia after bone damage in the rat (LD cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD (Houghton et al.], 190 [Lavand’homme et al.], 493 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1623 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Anticholinesterases—Barbiturates multi-center study of intrathecal neostigmine for analgesia following magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MI) [Gomez], 222 vaginal hysterectomy (CI) [Lauretti et al.], 913 Arterial oxygenation Antiemetics. See Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetics improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital Antinociception heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], epigastric antinociception by cervical dorsal column lesions in rats 1586 (LD [Feng et al.], 411 inhaled nitric oxide, almitrine infusion, or their coadministration as interaction of intrathecally infused morphine and lidocaine in rats a treatment of severe hypoxemic focal lung lesions (CD (part D: synergistic antinociceptive effects (LI) [Saito et al.], [Payen et al.], 1157 1455 Arteriovenous shunt interaction of intrathecally infused morphine and lidocaine in rats upper extremity veno-arterial shunting during pediatric orthotopic (part ID: effects on the development of tolerance to mor- liver transplantation (CR) [Henderson et al.], 1247 phine (LD [Saito et al.], 1464 Arthroscopic surgery intrathecal adenosine administration (CI [Rane et al.], 1108 air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) spinal nitric oxide mediates antinociception from intravenous mor- [Faure et al.], 805 phine (LD [Song et al.], 215 Artifacts Anxiety evoked potential monitoring and EKG: a case of a serious “cardiac parental presence during induction of anesthesia versus sedative arrhythmia” (CR) [Diachun et al.], 1270 premedication: which intervention is more effective? (CD Aspirin [Kain et al.], 1147 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- Anxiolytics tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target Asthma controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CD acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement {Somma et al.], 1430 (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) (Sprung et al.], 803 controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect bypass grafting (CD [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- Aortic aneurysm caine or salbutamol alone (CD [Groeben et al.], 862 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Atelectasis analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CI) [Tenling et ratory, and myocardial effects (CD [Boylan et al.], 585 al.j, 371 sevete hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 [Sprung et al.], 803 Aortic compliance Atenolol cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with effects of atenolol on postoperative myocardial ischemia (CO) [Lus- dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 tik et al.], 794 Aortic crossclamping Atipamezole adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- reversal of the sedative and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomi- vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et dine with a specific a,-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole: al.}, 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 a pharmacodynamic and kinetic study in healthy volunteers Apnea testing (CD [Scheinen et al.], 574 tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of Atrial fibrillation brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- Aprotinin praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) Awareness. See Psychology, memory, and awareness {Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 Arachidonic acid metabolism aspirin synergistically potentiates isoflurane minimum alveolar con- Back pain centration reduction produced by morphine in the rat (LD local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain [Gomez de Segura et al.], 1489 after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CID [Wang et al.], 1414 Arrhythmias Bacteriology B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- source of epidural infection following epidural analgesia identified praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (CR) [Sakuragi et al.], 1254 effects of sevoflurane on QT interval in a patient with congenital Barbiturates long QT syndrome (CR) [Gallagher et al.], 1569 effect of intravenous anesthetics on spontaneous and endotoxin- heart rate variability during chemical thoracic sympathectomy (CD stimulated cytokine response in cultured human whole blood {Hirose et al.], 666 (LD [Larsen et al.], 1218 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1624 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Barbiturates—Brain function and disease is lack of statistical power always evidence of lack of effect? (CO) induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant [Tommasino], 798, [Warner and Dexter], 799 hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- intraoperative heparin flushes and subsequent acute heparin-in- larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat duced thrombocytopenia (CR) [Ling and Warkentin], 1567 hippocampal and cortical slices (LID [Zhan et al.], 456 postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- Beecher, Henry K. tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 Henry K. Beecher, M.D.: an historical perspective? (CO) [Bacon], treatment of pulmonary embolism during cesarean section with 792, [Gravenstein], 794 recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (CR) [Nishimura et Behavioral testing al.], 1027 repetitive post-training exposure to enflurane modifies spatial mem- Blood conservation ory in mice (LD [Komatsu et al.], 1184 the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) Belladonna [Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 legacy of Atropos, the Fate who cut the thread of life (SA) [Holz- Blood loss man], 241 blood loss from a defective needleless arterial sampling port (CO) Benzodiazepines and antagonists [Michelsen and Zaffer], 275 effect of intravenous anesthetics on spontaneous and endotoxin- the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) stimulated cytokine response in cultured human whole blood {Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 (LD [Larsen et al.], 1218 Blood pressure isobolographic analysis of the interactions between midazolam and assessing fluid responsiveness by the systolic pressure variation in propofol at GABA, receptors in embryonic mouse neurons mechanically ventilated patients (EV) [Perel], 1309 (LD [McAdam et al.], 1444 effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target sure (CD [Halliwill et al.], 1373 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CI intrathecal sufentanil produces sensory changes without hypoten- [Somma et al.], 1430 sion in male volunteers (CI) [Riley et al.], 73 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target systolic pressure variation as a guide to fluid therapy in patients with controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery sepsis-induced hypotension (CD [Tavernier et al.], 1313 bypass grafting (CI) [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 Blood transfusions post-anesthesia paradoxical vocal cord motion successfully treated the blood sparing effect of aprotinin should be revisited (CO) with midazolam (CR) [Roberts et al.], 517 [Lentschener and Benhamou], 1598 Beta blockade Reid and Nance (eds.), Red Cell Transfusion: A Practical Guide B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- (EM) [Gregoretti], 1301 praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CD [Balser et al.], 1052 transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALD complicating colec- Bier block tomy for ulcerative colitis (CR) [Keifer et al.], 1020 the centennial of spinal anesthesia (SA) [Wulf], 500 upper extremity veno-arterial shunting during pediatric orthotopic low-dose lidocaine suppresses experimentally induced hyperalgesia liver transplantation (CR) [Henderson et al.], 1247 in humans (CI) [Koppert et al.], 1345 Blood volume measurement Biguanide blood volume measurement: the next intraoperative monitor? (EV) specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser [Barker], 1310 and Vincent], 267 blood volume measurement at the bedside using ICG pulse spectro- Bispectral index photometry (CID [Haruna et al.], 1322 bispectral EEG index during nitric oxide administration (CID [Rampil circulating blood volume measured by pulse dye-densitometry: com- et al.], 671 parison with 131I-HSA analysis (CD [fijima et al.], 1329 EEGs, EEG processing, and the bispectral index (EV) [Todd], 815 Body piercing primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia (RA) [Rampil], 980 tongue rings: just say no (CO) [Rosenberg et al.], 1279, [Mandabach quantitative EEG correlations with brain glucose metabolic rate et al.], 1279 during anesthesia in volunteers (CD [Alkire], 323 Bone injury unreasonable low BIS values in a volunteer with genetically deter- peripheral morphine administration blocks the development of hy- mined low voltage EEG (CO) [Schnider et al.], 1607 peralgesia and allodynia after bone damage in the rat (LI Bleeding [Houghton et al.], 190 intraoperative heparin flushes and subsequent acute heparin-in- Brain and brain function duced thrombocytopenia (CR) [Ling and Warkentin], 1567 impact of systemic vasoconstrictors on the cerebral circulation of Blood-brain barrier anesthetized patients (CD [Strebel et al.], 67 barrier properties of the spinal meninges are markedly decreased by Brain death freezing meningeal tissues (LR) [Thompson and Bernards], tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of 1276 brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 Blood coagulation Brain function and disease differential effect of halothane and forskolin on platelet cytosolic acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- Ca?* mobilization and aggregation (LD [Corbin et al.], 401 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- clase moiety (CI) [Booth et al.], 602 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1625 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Brain function and disease—Carbon dioxide anesthetic agents and hypothermia in ischemic brain protection (EV) prolonged intercostal nerve blockade in sheep using controlled- [Bhardwaj and Kirsch], 289 release of bupivacaine and dexamethasone from polymer cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ microspheres (LID [Drager et al.], 969 NO and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CIT) [Ostapkovich et al.], re-examination of tetrodotoxin. for prolonged duration local anesthe- 358 sia (LD [Kohane et al.], 119 cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with sciatic nerve blockade in infant, adolescent, and adult rats: a com- diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CIT [Ka- parison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine (LI [Kohane et al.]}, wata et al.], 887 1199 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on Burn injury cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LI [Kurth et al.], 110 (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 differential effects of anesthetic agents on outcome from near-com- anesthesia for major thermal injury (RA) [MacLennan et al.], 749 plete but not incomplete global ischemia in the rat (LD [Miura peripheral analgesic effects of ketamine in acute inflammatory pain et al.], 391 (CI) [Pedersen et al.], 58 differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after Butorphanol cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest transnasal butorphanol is effective for postoperative pain relief in (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 children undergoing myringotomy (CD [Bennie et al.], 385 is lack of statistical power always evidence of lack of effect? (CO) [Tommasino], 798, [Warner and Dexter], 799 isoflurane and sevoflurane induce vasodilation of cerebral vessels via Cc ATP-sensitive K* channel activation (LD [lida et al.], 954 local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and Calcium and calcium channels. See a/so Ions and ion channels flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- anesthetic-induced alteration of Ca** homeostasis in neural cells: a rane anesthesia in rats (LD [Lenz et al.], 1480 temperature-sensitive process that is enhanced by blockade repetitive post-training exposure to enflurane modifies spatial mem- of plasma membrane Ca?*-ATPase isoforms (LD [Franks et ory in mice (LD [Komatsu et al.], 1184 al.], 149 thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca?*], induced by membrane depo- differential effect of halothane and forskolin on platelet cytosolic larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat Ca?* mobilization and aggregation (LI [Corbin et al.], 401 hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 differential effects of fentanyl and morphine on intracellular Ca** Brain stem transients and contraction in rat ventricular myocytes (LD total spinal anesthesia following epidural saline injection after pro- {Kanay et al.], 1532 longed epidural anesthesia (CR) [Park et al.], 1267 effects of halothane and isoflurane on B-adrenoceptor-mediated re- Breast milk and lactation sponses in the vascular smooth muscle of rat aorta (LI secretion of dantrolene into breast milk after acute therapy of a [Tanaka and Tsuchida], 1209 suspected malignant hyperthermia crisis during cesarean sec- halothane attenuates calcium sensitization in airway smooth muscle tion (CR) [Fricker et al.], 1023 by inhibiting G-proteins (LD [Kai et al.], 1543 Bronchoalveolar lavage mechanisms of isoflurane-increased submaximum Ca?*-activated intraoperative modulation of alveolar macrophage function during force in rabbit skinned femoral arterial strips (LD [Toda and isoflurane and propofol anesthesia (CD [Kotani et al.], 1125 Su], 731 Bronchospasm role of intracellular Ca?* stores in the inhibitory effect of halothane acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement on airway smooth muscle contraction (LD [Yamakage et al.], (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 165 bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca** and pH in rat ven- [Sprung et al.], 803 tricular myocytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 202 combined intravenous lidocaine and inhaled salbutamol protect thiopental inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- against bronchial hyperreactivity more effectively than lido- larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat caine or salbutamol aione (CI) [Groeben et al.], 862 hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 Buccal absorption Calcium channel blockade oral etomidate (CO) [Lauretti], 1280, [Streisand], 1281 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- Bupivacaine praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CI) [Balser et al.], 1052 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 g/ml improve epidural Capnography fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI [Cohen et al.], another cause of a prolonged downstroke in the capnograph (CO) 1354 [Ti and Dhara], 801 dose-dependent reduction of the minimum local analgesic concen- Capsaicin tration of bupivacaine by sufentanil for epidural analgesia in AMPA/kainate antagonist LY293558 reduces capsaicin-evoked hy- labor (CID) [Polley et al.], 626 peralgesia but not pain in normal skin in humans (CD [Sang epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled et al.], 1060 analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- Carbon dioxide ratory, and myocardial effects (CID [Boylan et al.], 585 cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1626 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Carbon dioxide—Cardiopulmonary resuscitation N,O and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CI) [Ostapkovich et al.], replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [O’Brien], 1036, [Rosen], 358 1036 cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with Cardiomyocytes diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CI) [Ka- differential effects of fentanyl and morphine on intracellular Ca** wata et al.], 887 transients and contraction in rat ventricular myocytes (LI choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes [Kanay et al.], 1532 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 thiopental alters contraction, intracellular Ca**> and pH in rat ven- comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on tricular myocytes (LD [Kanaya et al.], 202 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- Cardiomyopathy mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with effects of hyperventilation and hypocapnic/normocapnic hypox- dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 emia on renal function and lithium clearance in humans (CI) dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants {Olsen et al.], 1389 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after effects of intraabdominally insufflated carbon dioxide and elevated the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- intraabdominal pressure on splanchnic circulation: an exper- gel et al.], 741 imental study in pigs (LD [Blobner et al.], 475 myocardial effects of desflurane in hamsters with hypertrophic car- effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow diomyopathy (LD [Vivien et al.], 1191 and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI Cardioplegia influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- {[Kazmaier et al.], 831 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming coronary artery (CI [Aronson et al.], 1099 from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CI) [Hanel et Cardioprotection al.], 19 magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MD [Gomez], 222 method for measuring carbon dioxide at the tracheal stoma (CO) Cardiopulmonary bypass [Williams et al.], 799 acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- replacement of air by carbon dioxide (CO) [Rosen], 1036, [O’Brien], ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- 1036 clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm choice of a-stat or PH-stat management and neurologic outcomes (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 Carbon monoxide comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on mechanistic aspects of carbon monoxide formation from volatile cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- anesthetics (LI [Baxter et al.], 929 mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 Cardiac arrhythmias. See Arrhythmias differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after Cardiac output cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest continuous cardiac output catheters: delay in in vitro response time (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 after controlled flow changes (LR) [Aranda et al.], 1592 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients) with heparin- iniraoperative determination of cardiac output using multiplane induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant transesophageal echocardiography: a comparison to ther- hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 modilution (CD [Perrino et al.], 350 hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming Cardiac surgery. See also Cardiovascular anesthesia from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CI) [Hanel et atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CD [Tenling et al.], 19 al.], 371 hyperprolactinemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmo- choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes nary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 (CD {Hensel et al.], 93 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on jugular venous hemoglobin desaturation during rewarming on car- cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- diopulmonary bypass: what does it mean, what does it mat- mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 ter? (EV) [Hindman], 3 DiNardo (ed.), Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery, 2nd edition (EM) left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal [Nielsen], 1302 echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG hyperprolactinemia in patients with noninfectious SIRS and pulmo- embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 nary dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass nitric oxide inhibits neutrophil adhesion during experimental extra- (CD [Hensel et al.], 93 corporeal circulation (LD [Chello et al.], 443 > intraoperative awareness in fast-track cardiac anesthesia (CD [Dowd pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], et al.], 1068 1580 perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter Cardiopulmonary resuscitation during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery cardiac massage: a method rescued from oblivion (SA) [Juvin and (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 J-M Desmonts], 771 pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- 1580 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frélich], 1252 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1627 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Cardiovascular anesthesia—Central venous catheter/catheterization Cardiovascular anesthesia. See also Cardiac surgery severe hypercapnia induced by acute dissecting aortic aneurysm acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- (CR) [Lenfant et al.], 780 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frdlich], 1252 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- Cardiovascular function and disease. See a/so Heart function and vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Kahn et al.], disease 1038, [Weigand et al.], 1037 cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with anesthesia safety, outcomes, and prospective study design (CO) dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 [Price and Carpenter], 790, [Auroy et al.], 791 jugular venous hemoglobin desaturation during rewarming on car- atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CIT) [Tenling et diopulmonary bypass: what does it mean, what does it mat- al.j, 371 ter? (EV) [Hindman], 3 combined use of transesophageal echocardiography and basket cath- magnesium and cardiovascular disease (MI) [Gomez], 222 eter can prevent tumor embolism in a patient with renal cell predicting long-term postoperative cardiovascular outcomes (CO) carcinoma (CR) [Tanaka et al.], 1015 {Litwack and DeGruttola], 1286, [Badner and Gelb], 1287, comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by [Mangano], 1288 transesophageal echocardiography with automated border Cardiovascular pharmacology detection (CD [Declerk et al.], 341 adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- concentration-response relationships for fentanyl and sufentanil in vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CD al.], 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 [Thomson et al.], 852 does norepinephrine modify the effects of inhaled nitric oxide in septic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? (CD early hemodynamic changes following emergency mitral valve re- placement for traumatic mitral insufficiency following bal- [Papazian et al.], 1089 external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous loon mitral valvotomy: report of six cases (CR) [Tempe et al.]}, pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- 1583 ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 emergent cardiopulmonary bypass in five patients with heparin- Carotid artery puncture induced thrombocytopenia type II employing recombinant a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture hirudin (CR) [Koster et al.], 777 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Carotid endarterectomy aralgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical ratory, and myocardial effects (CI) [Boylan et al.], 585 plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CD [Stone- external chest wall stimulation to suppress a permanent transvenous ham et al.], 907 pacemaker in a patient during endovascular stent graft place- Catecholamines ment (CR) [Moskowitz et al.], 531 B-adrenergic blockade accelerates conversion of postoperative su- influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- praventricular tachyarrhythmias (CD [Balser et al.}], 1052 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right dobutamine antagonizes epinephrine’s biochemical and cardiotonic coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.}, 1099 effects: results of an in vitro model using human lympho- intraoperative awareness in fast-track cardiac anesthesia (CI) [Dowd cytes and a clinical study in patients recovering from cardiac et al.], 1068 surgery (CI) [Prielipp et al.j, 49 intraoperative determination of cardiac output using multiplane isoflurane and sevoflurane augment norepinephrine responses to transesophageal echocardiography: a comparison to ther- surgical noxious stimulation in humans (CI [Segawa et al.], modilution (CI) [Perrino et al.], 350 1407 left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal myocardial effects of desflurane in hamsters with hypertrophic car- echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG diomyopathy (LD [Vivien et al.], 1191 embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 persistent alterations of the autonomic nervous system after noncar- no evidence of ischemic preconditioning during coronary revascu- diac surgery (CID [Amar et al.], 30 larization (CO) [Lennon], 1601 Catheterization, central venous. See Central venous catheter/ perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter catheterization during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery Catheterization, epidural. See Epidural anesthesia and analgesia (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 Catheterization, pulmonary artery. See Pulmonary artery cath- perfuse or precondition? (CO) [Borges and Coulson], 1600 eter/catheterization pituitary apoplexy following mitral valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], CD-ROM 1580 Tamburini (ed.), Quality of Life Assessment in Medicine. A CD-ROM population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target for Windows, Issue 2 (EM) [Raja and Haythornthwaite], 1043 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CI Wall and Melzack (eds.), Textbook of Pain on CD-ROM (EM) [Somma et al.], 1430 [Schell], 552 population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target Central venous catheter/catheterization controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery complex regional pain syndrome type II as a complication of sub- bypass grafting (CD [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 clavian catheter insertion (CO) [Burton et al.], 804 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1628 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Central venous catheter/catheterization—Cholinesterase a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume is the primary determinant (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 of sensory block extent and duration during spinal anesthesia perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter (CD [Carpenter et al.], 24 during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery Cervical plexus blocks (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CD [Stone- central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 ham et al.], 907 Centroneuraxial blockade Cervical spine movement local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain emergent airway management at a remote hospital location in a after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CI) [Wang et al.], 1414 patient wearing a halo traction device (CO) [Cohn et al.], 545 Cerebral aneurysm massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 {Redl], 1262 Cerebral blood flow Cesarean delivery. See also Obstetric anesthesia cerebral blood flow and CO, reactivity is similar during remifentanil/ anesthesia for cesarean section in a pituitary dwarf (CR) [Ratner and NO and fentanyl/N,O anesthesia (CI) [Ostapkovich et al.], Hamilton], 253 358 bupivacaine 0.01% and/or epinephrine 0.5 ug/ml improve epidural cerebrovascular CO, reactivity during anesthesia in patients with fentanyl analgesia after cesarean section (CI) [Cohen et al.], diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease (CI) [Ka- 1354 wata et al.], 887 effect of propofol on isolated human pregnant uterine muscle (CI) choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes [Shin et al.], 105 after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 EXIT procedure facilitates delivery of an infant with a pretracheal comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on teratoma (CR) [Shih et al.], 1573 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- obstetric anesthesia 1988-1996 in Northrhine/Germany: results of mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 the perinatal survey at the chambers of physicians (CO) hypercapnia prevents jugular bulb desaturation during rewarming [Josten et al.], 1288 from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CIT [Hianel et randomized study of combined spinal-epidural analgesia versus in- al.], 19 travenous meperidine during labor: impact on cesarean de- impact of systemic vasoconstrictors on the cerebral circulation of livery rate (CI) [Gambling et al.], 1336 anesthetized patients (CD [Strebel et al.], 67 secretion of dantrolene into breast milk after acute therapy of a isoflurane and sevoflurane induce vasodilation of cerebral vessels via suspected malignant hyperthermia crisis during cesarean sec- ATP-sensitive K* channel activation (LD [lida et al.], 954 tion (CR) [Fricker et al.], 1023 local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and treatment of pulmonary embolism during cesarean section with flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (CR) [Nishimura et rane anesthesia in rats (LID [Lenz et al.], 1480 al.], 1027 Cerebral ischemia/anoxia c-fos anesthetic agents and hypothermia in ischemic brain protection (EV) differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after {Bhardwaj and Kirsch], 289 cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest choice of a-stat or pH-stat management and neurologic outcomes after cardiac surgery: it depends (EV) [Hindman], 5 (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on Chemistry cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer differential effects of anesthetic agents on outcome from near-com- 344 rats (LD [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 plete but not incomplete global ischemia in the rat (LD [Miura mechanistic aspects of carbon monoxide formation from volatile et al.j, 391 anesthetics (LI) [Baxter et al.], 929 thiopenial inhibits increases in [Ca**], induced by membrane depo- Chemoreceptors larization, NMDA receptor activation, and ischemia in rat carotid body chemorecptor function is impaired by vecuronium hippocampal and cortical slices (LD [Zhan et al.], 456 during hypoxia (LD [Wyon et al.], 1471 Cerebral metabolism Cholinesterase local cerebral blood flow, local cerebral glucose utilization and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- flow-metabolism coupling during sevoflurane versus isoflu- trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD) [Shafer et rane anesthesia in rats (LI [Lenz et al.], 1480 al.], 1074 quantitative EEG correlations with brain glucose metabolic rate inhibition of the enzymic degradation of suxamethonium and miva- during anesthesia in volunteers (CI [Alkire], 323 curiuin increases the onset time of submaximal neuromuscu- Cerebrospinal fluid lar block (LD [Beaufort et al.], 707 cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of in- intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- trathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans (CD [Shafer et cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD al.], 1074 {[Lavand’homme et al.], 493 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1629 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Cholinesterase—Complications multi-center study of intrathecal neostigmine for analgesia following induced lung injury with intrathecal prostaglandin E, during vaginal hysterectomy (CI) [Lauretti et al.], 913 partial liquid ventilation (LID [Nakazawa et al.], 686 Circulatory arrest Cisatracurium adenosine-induced transient cardiac arrest for placement of endo- comparative clinical pharmacology of rocuronium, cisatracurium, vascular stent-grafts in the thoracic aorta (CO) [Weigand et and their combination (CI [Naguib et al.], 1116 al.j], 1037, [Kahn et al.], 1038 high concentration cisatracurium ICU solution (CO) [Nishio et al.], comparison of pH-stat and alpha-stat cardiopulmonary bypass on 1605 cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in relation to hypother- Clinical trials mic circulatory arrest in piglets (LD [Kurth et al.], 110 efficacy and costs of patient-controlled analgesia versus regularly differential immediate-early gene expression in ovine brain after administered intramuscular opioid therapy (CD [Choiniére et cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest al.], 1377 (LD [Bokesch et al.], 961 epidural bupivacaine-morphine analgesia versus patient-controlled Circulatory physiology aad hemodynamics analgesia following abdominal aortic surgery: analgesic, respi- acute depression of myocardial B-adrenergic receptor signaling dur- ratory, and myocardial effects (CI [Boylan et al.], 585 ing cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cy- value of presenting the time-course of pain relief in analgesic trials clase moiety (CD [Booth et al.], 602 (CO) [Goudas and Carr], 1602 blood volume measurement: the next intraoperative monitor? (EV) Clonidine [Barker], 1310 effect of adding a minidose of clonidine to intrathecal sufentanil for blood volume measurement at the bedside using ICG pulse spectro- labor analgesia (CD [Mercier et al.], 594 photometry (CD [Haruna et al.], 1322 intrathecal neostigmine, but not sympathectomy, relieves mechani- cardiovascular effects of xenon in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with cal allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (LD dilated cardiomyopathy (LD [Hettrick et al.], 1166 [Lavand’homme et al.], 493 comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by intravenous regional clonidine in the management of sympatheti- transesophageal echocardiography with automated border cally maintained pain (CR) [Reuben et al.], 527 detection (CI [Declerk et al.], 341 role of spinal NO in antiallodynic effect of intrathecal clonidine in dexmedetomidine produces similar alterations in the determinants neuropathic rats (LD [Pan et al.], 1518 of left ventricular afterload in conscious dogs before and after value of presenting the time-course of pain relief in analgesic trials the development of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (LD [Pa- (CO) [Goudas and Carr], 1602 gel et al.], 741 Coagulation. See Blood coagulation early hemodynamic changes following emergency mitral valve re- Compartment syndrome placement for traumatic mitral insufficiency following bal- effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- loon mitral valvotomy: report of six cases (CR) [Tempe et al.], sure (CID) [Hailiwill et al.], 1373 1583 Complications. See also Postoperative complications; Postoper- effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- ative pain sure (CI) [Halliwill et al.], 1373 accidental intravascular placement of a feeding tube (CR) [Duthorn effects of intraabdominally insufflated carbon dioxide and elevated et al.], 251 intraabdominal pressure on splanchnic circulation: an exper- acute bronchospasm associated with methylmethacrylate cement imental study in pigs (LD [Blobner et al.], 475 (CO) [Nimmagadda and Salem], 1290 effects of respiratory alkalosis and acidosis on myocardial blood flow air embolism during anesthesia for shoulder arthroscopy (CO) and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CI [Faure et al.], 805 [Kazmaier et al.], 831 airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], (CR) [Chee and Benumof], 1576 1586 anesthesia safety, outcomes, and prospective study design (CO) isoflurane and sevoflurane augment norepinephrine responses to [Price and Carpenter], 790, [Auroy et al.], 791 surgical noxious stimulation in humans (CD [Segawa et al.], bronchospasm and “reflex right upper lobe atelectasis” (CO) 1407 [Sprung et al.}, 803 preservation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during sevoflu- complex regional pain syndrome type II as a complication of sub- rane and desflurane anesthesia compared to the conscious clavian catheter insertion (CO) [Burton et al.], 804 state in chronically instrumented dogs (LI [Lesitsky et al.], complication of Bullard laryngoscope: dislodgement of tip-extender 1501 resulting in an upper airway foreign body (CO) [Marshall and propofol-induced increase in vascular capacitance is due to inhibi- James], 1604 tion of sympathetic vasoconstrictive activity (LD [Hoka et al.], a devastating complication of inadvertent carotid artery puncture 1495 (CR) [Heath et al.], 1273 systolic pressure variation as a guide to fluid therapy in patients with does anesthesiology, like history, repeat itself? (CO) [Eisenach and sepsis-induced hypotension (CD [Tavernier et al.], 1313 D'Angelo], 542, [Joos and Van Steenberge], 542 transmural pressure of epidural veins in the thoracic and lumbar early fat embolism after liposuction (CO) [Fourme et al.], 782 spine of pigs (LD [Nystrom et al.], 449 effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pres- treatment of pulmonary hypertension and hypoxia due to oleic acid sure (C1) [Halliwill et al.], 1373 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998 1630 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 89 Complications—Cooperative management effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on cellular immune re- severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated sponses (CI) [Beilin et al.], 1133 central venous catheter (CO) [Terazawa et al.], 1296 electrical fires in Hewlett-Packard monitors due to saline contami- small doses of sufentanil will produce violent coughing in young nation (CR) [Reynolds et al.], 521 children (CO) [Yemen], 271, [Bennett et al.], 272 fatal pulmonary fat embolism in early postoperative period (CR) source of epidural infection following epidural analgesia identified {Heine et al.], 1589 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (CR) [Sakuragi et al.], 1254 foreign body in the trachea originated from the inner wall of the specific therapies of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis (CO) [Preiser univent tube (CO) [Harioka et al.], 1596 and Vincent], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267, [Wulf et al.], 267 general anesthesia for a patient with centronuclear (myotubular) spontaneous recovery after discontinuation of intraoperative cardio- myopathy (CR) [Gottschalk et al.], 1018 pulmonary resuscitation: case report (CR) [Frélich], 1252 heart rate variability during chemical thoracic sympathectomy (CID Streptococcus salivarius meningitis after spinal anesthesia (CR) [Hirose et al.], 666 {Laurila et al.], 1579 incompatibility of propofol emulsion with anesthetic drugs (CO) tension pneumothorax during apnea testing for the determination of [Lamontagne et al.], 1609 brain death (CR) [Bar-Joseph et al.], 1250 is your pulmonary artery catheter shedding? (CO) [Olhoeft], 544, third degree heart block and asystole associated with spinal anesthe- [Moore], 544, [Erb and Ramsay], 543 sia (CR) [Jordi et al.], 257 left ventricular thrombi: intraoperative detection by transesophageal total spinal anesthesia following epidural saline injection after pro- echocardiography and recognition of a source of post CABG longed epidural anesthesia (CR) [Park et al.], 1267 embolic stroke: a case series (CR) [Maslow et al.], 1257 transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALD complicating colec- local addition of tenoxicam reduces the incidence of low back pain tomy for ulcerative colitis (CR) [Keifer et al.], 1020 after lumbar epidural anesthesia (CI) [Wang et al.], 1414 transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia: an epidemi- massive pyramidal tract signs after endotracheal intubation: a case ologic study of 1,863 patients (CI [Freedman et al.], 633 report of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (CR) transient neurologic symptoms when phenylephrine is added to [Redl], 1262 tetracaine spinal anesthesia-an alternative (CO) [Lambert], metallic mercury leak from the esophageal bougy and postoperative 274, [Sakura and Drasner], 274, [Rowlingson], 275 chest pain (CO) [Taylor and Kamaya], 548 unusual cause of intravenous catheter obstruction (CO) [Stone and multicenter study of contaminated percutaneous injuries in anesthe- Leon], 276 sia personnel (CI [Greene et al.], 1362 use of a guide wire to facilitate tracheal intubation with the Bullard neurologic symptom associated with a repeated injection after failed laryngoscope (CO) [Ringwalt], 805 spinal anesthesia (CO) [Hirabayashi et al.], 1294 Compound A oral ketamine for the management of combative autistic adult (CO) effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on renal function and on pos- [Bachenberg], 549 sible markers of nephrotoxicity (CI [Higuchi et al.], 307 perforation of the right ventricle with a coronary sinus catheter fate and toxicity of 2-(fluoromethoxy)-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-pro- during preparation for minimally invasive cardiac surgery pene (compound A)-derived mercaptopurates in male Fischer (CR) [Abramson et al.], 519 344 rats (LID [Uttamsingh et al.], 1174 pituitary apoplexy following mitrai valve repair (CR) [Meek et al.], Computed tomography (CT) 1580 atelectasis and gas exchange after cardiac surgery (CI [Tenling et pneumothorax during endoscopic extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy an), 371 (CO) [Toyoshima et al.], 1040 Computers postoperative acetaminophen and warfarin: undesirable combina- medical information on the Internet (SA) [Rampil], 1233 tion (CO) [Elias], 1296 Congenital heart disease postoperative lactic acidosis in patients receiving metformin (CO) improvement in extreme hypoxemia during end-stage congenital {Lustik et al.], 266 heart disease using nasal nitric oxide (CR) [Cholley et al.], potential cause for medication administration error (CO) [Donahue 1586 and Needleman], 800 Continuous infusion predicting malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (CO) [Allen], 797, population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target [Fierobe], 798 controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery (CID prevalence of latex allergy among anesthesiologists: identification of {[Somma et al.], 1430 sensitized but asymptomatic individuals (CI) [Brown et al.], population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target 292 controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery prolonged loss of consciousness and elevated porphyrins following bypass grafting (CI [Zomorodi et al.], 1418 propofol administrations (CR) [Asirvatham et al.], 1029 Contrast echocardiography proposal for new temperature monitoring and thermal management influence of collateral flow on the antegrade and retrograde distri- guidelines (CO) [Sessler], 1298 bution of cardioplegia in patients with an occluded right prospective, randomized comparison of deep or superficial cervical coronary artery (CI) [Aronson et al.], 1099 plexus block for carotid endarterectomy surgery (CI [Stone- Cooperative management ham et al.], 907 combined use of transesophageal echocardiography and basket cath- pulse oximetry probe adhesive disks: a potential for infant aspiration eter can prevent tumor embolism in a patient with renal cell (CO) [Reddy and Cook-Sather], 1603 carcinoma (CR) [Tanaka et al.], 1015 Anesthesiology, V 89, No 6, Dec 1998

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