And They Lived Happily Ever After: Norms and Everyday Practices of Family and Parenthood in Russia and Central Europe PDF
Preview And They Lived Happily Ever After: Norms and Everyday Practices of Family and Parenthood in Russia and Central Europe
TheyLived_PRESS_CEU.indd 2 2012.03.14. 10:58:30 carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page i And They Lived Happily Ever After ——————————————————————————————————— carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page ii carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page iii And They Lived Happily Ever After Norms and Everyday Practices of Family and Parenthood in Russia and Central Europe ——————————————————————————————————— Edited by Helene Carlbäck, Yulia Gradskova and Zhanna Kravchenko Central European University Press Budapest–New York carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page iv © 2012 by Helene Carlbäck, Yulia Gradskova and Zhanna Kravchenko Published in 2012 by Central European University Press An imprint of the Central European University Limited Company Nádor utca 11, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary Tel: +36-1-327-3138 or 327-3000 Fax: +36-1-327-3183 E-mail: carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page v Table of Contents ——————————————————————————————————— List of Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction | Helene Carlbäck, Yulia Gradskova and Zhanna Kravchenko 1 PART I | 1940s–1980s THE FAMILY AS A “BASIC UNIT OF SOCIALIST SOCIETY” Chapter 1. Lone Motherhood in Soviet Russia in the Mid-20th Century—In a European Context | Helene Carlbäck 25 Chapter 2. Family, Divorce, and Comrades’ Courts: Soviet Family and Public Organizations During the Thaw | Elena Zhidkova 47 Chapter 3. A Life of Labor, a Life of Love: Telling the Life of a Young Peasant Mother Facing Collectivization | Ildikó Asztalos Morell 65 Chapter 4. East German Women Going West: Family, Children and Partners in Life-Experience Literature | Christine Farhan 85 Chapter 5. Why Does Public Policy Implementation Fail? Lithuanian Office of State Benefits for Mothers of Large Families and Single Mothers, 1944–1956 | Dalia Leinarte 105 Chapter 6. The Latvian Family Experience with Sovietization 1945–1990 | Maija Runcis 123 carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page vi PART II | 1990s–2000s SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE MIRROR OF FAMILY LIFE Chapter 7. “Two children Puts You in the Zone of Social Misery:” Childbearing and Risk Perception among Russian Women | Anna Rotkirch and Katja Kesseli 145 Chapter 8. “Supporting Genuine Development of the Child:” Public Childcare Centers Versus Family in Post-Soviet Russia | Yulia Gradskova 165 Chapter 9. Everyday Continuity and Change: Family and Family Policy in Russia | Zhanna Kravchenko 185 Chapter 10. Single Mothers—Clients or Citizens? Social Work with Poor Families in Russia | Elena Iarskaia-Smirnova and Pavel Romanov 207 Chapter 11. Welfare Crisis and Crisis Centers in Russia Today | Aino Saarinen 231 Chapter 12. Marriage and Divorce Law in Russia and the Baltic States: Overview of Recent Changes | Olga A. Khazova 251 Chapter 13. Doing Parenting in Post-Socialist Estonia and Latvia | Ingegerd Municio-Larsson 273 Chapter 14. Gendered Experiences in Entrepreneurship, Family and Social Activities in Russia | Ann-Mari Sätre 297 Notes on Contributors 319 Index 323 carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page vii List of Abbreviations ——————————————————————————————————— CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women CoE The Council of Europe GARF Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (State Archive of the Russian Federation) GEM Gender Emplowerment Measure GDR The German Democratic Republic HDI Human Development Index HDR Human Development Report ICVS International Crime Victim Survey KP RSFSR The Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic KPSS The Communist Party of the Soviet Union LCVA Lithuanian Central State Archives LSSR Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic MDGs Millennium Development Goalsn NCRB The Network for Crisis Centres for Women in the Barents Region NGO Non-Governmental Organization OSI The Open Society Institute RACCW The Russian Association for Crisis Centers for Women RSFSR The Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic SOGASPI Samara Regional Archive of Social and Political History TsGASO The Central State Archive of Samara Region TFR Total Fertility Rate USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics VAW Violence Against Women WB The World Bank WGA Welfare, Gender and Agency carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page viii carlback:nyomdai 28.2.2012 10:23 Page ix Preface ——————————————————————————————————— The collection of texts in the present book started with a conference held in September 2008 at the Centre for Baltic and East European Studies (CBEES) at Södertörn University. Titled “Family, Marriage and Parent- hood in Eastern Europe, Russia and Sweden,” the symposium sought to gather scholars from various parts of Europe to discuss topics having to do with the family, marriage, childhood, and parenthood from a contempo- rary, historical and comparative perspective. It was also part of the research project “The Family vs. the Strong State in Eastern Europe and the Baltic Sea Region: Freedom or Coercion?” The project and the conference were funded by Östersjöstiftelsen (the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies), established by the Swedish government to support research and the training of researchers dealing with the Baltic region, Russia, and Eastern Europe at Södertörn University. We are grateful to the foundation for the financial assistance that made this book possible and to the Publication Committee at CBEES for their support and encouragement. We also thank the members of the above- mentioned research project for their important commentaries to the intro- ductory chapter of this volume. Finally, we express our gratitude to Charles Rougle (University at Albany) for copyediting the English text in the final manuscript and Peter Isotalo for editing the English text in parts of the book at an earlier stage. We recommend this volume specifically to scholars and students of the Baltic Sea region and Eastern Europe with a particular interest in social, gender and family issues, and to specialists in social and welfare policies on a broader level. The book is also well-suited as a reader in sociology, gen- der studies, history, and other academic disciplines within the humanities and social science.
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