And Their Applications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

283 Pages·2007·1.35 MB·English

The Series of Human Rights in Islam: Book No. 2

HHuummaann RRiigghhttss iinn IIssllaamm
aanndd TThheeiirr AApppplliiccaattiioonnss

iinn tthhee

KKiinnggddoomm ooff SSaauuddii AArraabbiiaa

Professor Dr. Suleiman Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Hokail
College of Education
‘Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University

Translated by
Prof. Abdullah Homiedan
College of Languages and Translation
King Saud University

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First Edition
1422 H. – 2001 G.

© Suleiman Bin Abdul Rahman Al Hgail, 1421 H.

Catalogued by King Fahad National Library

Al Haqeil, Suleiman Bin Abdul Rahman

HHuummaann RRiigghhttss iinn IIssllaamm aanndd tthheeiirr AApppplliiccaattiioonnss iinn tthhee
KKiinnggddoomm ooff SSaauuddii AArraabbiiaa .. –– RRiiyyaaddhh

ISBN

1. Islam and Human Rights 2. Human Rights a. Title

Depository Number:
ISBN:

First Edition
1421 H. – 2000 G.
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Table of Contents
Topic Page

Preface…………………………………………………………………………….. 1

Chapter One
A General Definition of Islam: The Religion of the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia and the Application of Islamic Sharee’ah (Law)

First: A General Definition of Islam

……………………………………… 9

Second: The Objectives of Islam ……………………………………………… 13

A. The Preparation of a Righteous
Individual……………………………. 13
B. The Preparation of a Righteous
Family……………………………….. 14
C. The Preparation of a Righteous
Community………………………….. 15

Third: The Islamic Sharee’ah Fulfillment of Mankind’s
Needs for all Times and in all
Places……………………………… 17

A. The Uniqueness of Islamic Law and its Distinguishing Mark…………
18
B. Some Noble Aspects of the Holy Qur’an’s Divine Guidance………….
19
C. The Difference Between Islamic Law and Secular Laws………………
24

Fourth: The Response to the Suspicions and Allegations Raised Against
the
Application Of Islamic Law Provisions……………………………..
25

A. The Main Merits of Islam and the Characteristics and
Advantages
of Applying its Law……………………………………………………..
27
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B. The Benefits that the Islamic Community (‘Ummah) Gains
From Applying the Islamic Law and Preserving its Aims……………...
33
C. What is Meant by ‘Sovereignty for Islamic Law” in An
Islamic
State?…………………………………………………………………….
34

Chapter Two
A Brief Historical Overview About The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia
And The Fundamental Bases Of Its System Of Government
This Chapter includes the following topics:

First: The Rise of the Saudi
State
……………………………………………. 37

Second: The Establishment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia……………… 42

A. The Fundamental Principles of the Establishment of the
Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia………………………………………………………………
43

Topic Page

B. The Goals and Objectives of the Kingdom’s Domestic and Foreign
Policies…………………………………………………………………… 46

Third: The Foundation of the Basic System of Government in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

1.Islamic Sharee’ah...………………………………………………….. 50
2. Justice……………………………………………………………….. 50
3. Shura (Consultation)………………………………………………… 54
4. Equality……………………………………………………………… 61

Fourth: Characteristics of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia……………….. 62

Chapter Three
The Truth About Shaikh Mohammad Bin Abd Al-Wahab’s Reformist
Movement (i.e. Da’wah) And Stating The Facts About The Suspicions
and Allegations Raised Against It
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This Chapter includes the following topics:

First: The Real Motives Behind Labeling Shaikh Mohammad
Bin
Abel Wahab’s Reformist Call (i.e. Da’wah)
“Wahhabism”
by its Opponents and the Incriminatory Falsification
of this
Label in Truth and
History…………………………………………… 67

Second: The General Foundations Upon Which the Shaikh’s Reformist
Call is Based

1. Monotheism
(Tawheed)…………………………………………………. 69
2. Combating Heresies and
Superstitions………………………………….. 70
3. Revival of the Duty of Enjoining Good and Forbidding
Evil…………... 70
4. The Imperative of Basing the System of Government on the
Teachings
of the Holy Qur’an and the Prophet’s Sunnah………………………………
71
5. The Shaikh’s Reliance on the Holy Qur’an and the
Sunnah…………….. 71
6. Opening the Door for “Ijtihad” (i.e.
Interpretation)…………………….. 71

Third: A Classification of Shaikh Mohammad Bin Abd Al-Wahab’s
Da’wah Main Goals and Aspirations………………………………… 71

Fourth: The Suspicions and Allegations Raised Against the Shaikh’s
Da’wah: A Clarification of The Truthfulness of his
Da’wah……..74

Fifth: The Views of Impartial Scholars Concerning Shaikh
Mohammad Bin Abdel Wahab’s Da’wah Reformist Call………… 81

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Topic Page

Chapter Four
The Growth Of The Judicial System In The Kingdom Of Saudi
Arabia: Its Autonomy And Role In Preserving Human Rights
This Chapter includes the following topics:

Introduction……………………………………………………………………… 83

First: The Importance of the Judicial System in Islam and its
Goals and Objectives………………………………………………….. 83

Second: The Development of the Judicial System in the Kingdom
of Saudi
Arabia…………………………………………………………. 85

Third: The Principles Upon which the Judicial System is Built………… 88

1. Islamic Sharee’ah as the Frame of Reference for all
Disputes
and Lawsuits………………………………………………………….. 88
2. The Autonomy and Impartiality of the Judicial System in
the
Kingdom………………………………………………………………89
3. Equality between the two
opponents…………………………………..90
4. The Rationale Behind the Judicial Provisions: Evidence
and
Proof from their Sources……………………………………………...91

Fourth: Human Rights Before the Judicial System in the Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia and its Protection……………………………………92

A. The Right to
Justice…………………………………………………….. 92
B. The Individual’s Right to a Just and Fair
Trial…………………………. 93

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Chapter Five
Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil in Light of the Holy Qur’an and the
Sunnah: its Application in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
This Chapter includes, in addition to the introduction, the following topics:

First: Definition of Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil:
The Wisdom Behind its Requirement as a Duty in
Islamic
Sharee’ah
………………………………………………………………..
99

Topic Page

Second: The Principles and Foundations of Enjoining Good and
Forbidding Evil………………………………………………………….
101

1. Islamic Sharee’ah as the Source of Establishing Enjoining
Good and Forbidding
Evil………………………………………………101
2. Knowledge of the Truth about Enjoining Good and
Forbidding Evil…..102
3. The Prevention of Evil Is Given Priority over its
Prospective Benefits.. 102
4. Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil Is Performed on the
Basis of

Priorities……………………………………………………………………103
5. Eavesdropping and Breaking into People’s Homes on Mere
Suspicion
are not Permissible……………………………………………………….
103
6. How to Perform Enjoining Good and Forbidding
Evil……………….. 104
7. Practical Steps Specified by Scholars for Changing
Evil…………….. 104

Third: The Qualities and Ethics of the Caller to Enjoining Good
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and Forbidding Evil
…………………………………………………
105
Fourth: Applications of Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil
in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
…………………………………… 110

Chapter Six
Human Rights in Islam and Its Position on Freedom in
General and Freedom of Self-Expression and Opinion in
Particular: Their Applications in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
This Chapter includes the following topics:

A- Human Rights in Islam and Their Application in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

First: Islam has Enshrined Human Rights for More than
Fourteen Centuries
…………………………………………………….
115

Second: The Status of Man in Islam and the General
Characteristics of Islam’s Humane
Message
……………………… 117

Third: The Concepts of Human Rights in
Islam
………………………….. 121

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Fourth: Human Rights in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:
Their Protection and
Guarantees
…………………………………… 129

Topic Page

B- Islam’s Position on Freedom and the Freedom of Self-
Expression and Opinion in Particular: the Application of
the Right to Freedom in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

First: The Freedom of Opinion and Self-Expression in
Islam
…………. 134

Second: Constraints on the Freedom of Opinion in
Islam
………………… 137

Third: The Right to Personal
Freedom
…………………………………….. 138

Fourth: Economic Freedom and the Rights to Property and
Gain
……. 139

Fifth: Religious Freedom
…………………………………………………….
140

Sixth: Personal Liberties in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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in the Light of the Teachings of
Islam
………………………………… 143

Chapter Seven
Enforcement of the Punishments Prescribed by Islamic
Sharee’ah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the Protection
and Preservation of Basic Human Rights
This Chapter includes the following topics:

First: Facts Relating to the Application of the Penalties Laid
Down by Islamic Sharee’ah in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
……. 147

A. The Unique Features and Distinguishing Marks of
Islamic
Criminal
Penalties………………………………………………………
148
B. The Wisdom of Enforcing the Penalties by Islamic
Sharee’ah
and the Benefits which Accrue
Therefrom……………………………… 150
C. The Harm which Results from Disregarding or
Abrogating
the Penalties Laid Down in Islamic
Sharee’ah………………………….. 152
D. A Comparison Between a Society in which the Penalties
Set

Forth in Islamic Sharee’ah are Enforced and One in which they
are not. 153
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