Ancient Greece : social and historical documents from archaic times to the death of Socrates

681 Pages·1999·3.93 MB·English

by  Matthew Dillon

ANCIENT GREECE
In this revised and up-dated edition Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland present a wide
range of documents on Greek social and political history from 800 to 399 BC, from all
over the Greek World. It includes:
• Source material on political developments in Greece, including colonization in the
Mediterranean and the Black Sea, Athenian democracy, the constitution of Sparta and
the Peloponnesian war.
• Detailed chapters on social phenomena, such as Greek religion, slavery and labour, the
family and the role of women.
• Clear, precise translations of documents taken not only from historical sources but also
from inscriptions, graffiti, law codes, epitaphs, decrees, drama, and poetry. Many of
these have not previously been translated into English.
• Concise up-to-date bibliographies and commentaries for each document and each
section.
Ancient Greece is a definitive collection of source material; it will be invaluable for use
on ancient history courses at all levels.
Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland are both Senior Lecturers in Classics, History
and Religion at the University of New England, New South Wales.

ANCIENT GREECE
Social and Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the Death of
Socrates (c.800–399 BC)
Matthew Dillon
and
Lynda Garland

London and New York
First published 1994 This edition first published 2000 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London
EC4P 4EE
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York,
NY 10001
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of
thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.
© 1994 Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland
© 2000 New edition with corrections, Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland
The right of Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland to be identified as the Author of this Work has
been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission
in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from
the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Dillon, Matthew, 1963– Ancient Greece:
social and historical documents from archaic times to the death of Socrates/Matthew Dillon and
Lynda Garland.— 2. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-415-
21754-7 (hb).—ISBN 0-415-21755-5 (pb) 1. Greece—Civilization—To 146 B.C.—Sources. I.
Garland, Lynda, 1955–. II. Title. DF75.D55 1999 99–32499 932–dc21 CIP
ISBN 0-203-98159-6 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-415-21754-7 (hbk)
ISBN 0-415-21755-5 (pbk)
For all our students— past, present, and future

Contents

Preface ix
List of Tables and Maps xii
Glossary xiii
Some Useful Definitions xvi

1. COLONIZATION 1
2. TYRANTS AND TYRANNY 34
3. THE LAW-GIVERS: DRAKON AND SOLON 67
4. PEISISTRATOS AND HIS SONS 102
5. KLEISTHENES THE REFORMER 138
6. SPARTA 166
7. THE PERSIAN WARS 204
8. THE DELIAN LEAGUE AND THE PENTEKONTAETIA 246
9. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR AND ITS AFTERMATH 281
10. THE POLIS: THE GREEK CITY-STATE 326
11. LABOUR: SLAVES, SERFS AND CITIZENS 360
12. RELIGION IN THE GREEK WORLD 393
13. WOMEN. SEXUALITY, AND THE FAMILY 427
14. THE ANCIENT SOURCES 496
Chronological Table 519
Bibliography 522
Index of Ancient Sources 627
General Index 643
Genealogical Tables 657
Maps 660
Preface to the Second Edition
This second edition of Ancient Greece: Social and Historical Documents from Archaic
Times to the Death of Socrates owes its existence to all those readers who found the first
edition of use and who commented on its strengths and omissions. We have been
prompted to write a second edition rather than reprinting the original Ancient Greece by
these comments, which have led us to include many new documents, mainly on
prostitution and homosexuality. The numbering of documents in the first twelve chapters
of the new edition is the same as in the last; a new passage of Thucydides on the Greek
colonization of Sicily is included as 1.10.ii, and recently discovered material from
Simonides’ elegies on the Persian Wars as document 7.43.ii. A passage (8.4.ii) on
Timokreon’s views of his contemporary Themistokles is also included. It seemed better
to include this new material as subsections with Roman numeration rather than to disturb
the numeration of the original edition. Chapter thirteen contains many new documents;
docs 1–64 are largely the same as in the first edition, but doc. 13.65 has now become
13.93, and documents 13.24, 13.52, and 13.56 have joined the sections on pederasty and
prostitution as 13.70, 13.80 and 13.89 respectively. A new chapter has been added on the
ancient sources themselves and their methodology to help students and readers in general
become aware of the more important problems in using ancient authors as historical
sources. The bibliographies and references accompanying the notes on individual
documents throughout the book have been up-dated as much as possible. Finally, we
would like to thank all those who have made encouraging comments on the first edition,
and we hope that the second edition will prove to be equally as useful.
Armidale, Australia
March 1999