Ancient Greece. From the Archaic Period to the Death of Alexander the Great PDF
Preview Ancient Greece. From the Archaic Period to the Death of Alexander the Great
ANCIENT GREECE FROM THE ARCHAIC PERIOD TO THE DEATH OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT THE BRITANNICA GUIDE TO ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS ANCIENT GREECE FROM THE ARCHAIC PERIOD TO THE DEATH OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT EDITED BY KATHLEEN KUIPER, MANAGER, ARTS AND CULTURE Published in 2011 by Britannica Educational Publishing (a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.) in association with Rosen Educational Services, LLC 29 East 21st Street, New York, NY 10010. Copyright © 2011 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved. Rosen Educational Services materials copyright © 2011 Rosen Educational Services, LLC. All rights reserved. Distributed exclusively by Rosen Educational Services. For a listing of additional Britannica Educational Publishing titles, call toll free (800) 237-9932. First Edition Britannica Educational Publishing Michael I. Levy: Executive Editor J.E. Luebering: Senior Manager Marilyn L. Barton: Senior Coordinator, Production Control Steven Bosco: Director, Editorial Technologies Lisa S. Braucher: Senior Producer and Data Editor Yvette Charboneau: Senior Copy Editor Kathy Nakamura: Manager, Media Acquisition Kathleen Kuiper: Manager, Arts and Culture Rosen Educational Services Alexandra Hanson-Harding: Editor Nelson Sá: Art Director Cindy Reiman: Photography Manager Matthew Cauli: Designer, Cover Design Introduction by Dan Faust Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ancient Greece: from the archaic period to the death of Alexander the Great / edited by Kathleen Kuiper.—1st ed. p. cm.—(The Britannica guide to ancient civilizations) “In association with Britannica Educational Publishing, Rosen Educational Services.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-61530209-3 (eBook) 1. Greece—History—To 146 B.C. 2. Greece—Civilization—To 146 B.C. I. Kuiper, Kathleen. DF77.A5876 2010 938—dc22 2010000852 On the cover: The magnificent Parthenon, shown here with a broken column in the foreground, was built on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece, to honour the goddess Athena. Pete Turner/Stone/Getty Images On page photo credit pp. 17, 65, 81, 101, 118, 136 Shutterstock.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: THE ARCHAIC PERIOD The Post-Mycenaean Period and Lefkandi “Colonization” and City-State Formation Olympic Games Overseas Projects The Beginnings of the Polis Early Archaic Greek Civilization The Sources Bacchiadae and Eupatridae Symposia and Gymnasia Formal Relationships The Lelantine War The Later Archaic Period The Decline of the Aristocracy Changes in Warfare The Early Tyrannies Sparta The Rhetra The Helot Factor The Peloponnesian League Athens Theseus Solon The Peisistratid Tyranny The Reforms of Cleisthenes The World of the Tyrants Intermarriage Between the Great Houses Poetry and Art Alcaeus International Influences CHAPTER 2: CLASSICAL GREEK CIVILIZATION: THE PERSIAN WARS The Ionian Revolt Causes of the Persian Wars Economic Factors Political Factors Athenian Support of Ionia Sparta’s Foreign Relations The Role of Cleomenes Battle of Marathon Aftermath of the Battle of Marathon The System of Ostracism Greek Preparations for War Greek Alliances The Last Persian Wars Thermopylae Salamis Plataea CHAPTER 3: CLASSICAL GREEK CIVILIZATION: THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE The Fortification of Athens The Ambition of Pausanias Delian League Paying Tribute to Athens Strains on Greek Unity and Mounting Athenian Aggression Cimon’s Actions Athens’s Moves Against Other Greeks Athens’s Moves Northward Sparta’s Responses The Ephialtic Reforms Legal Reforms Political Reforms The Rejection of Cimon Athenian Expansion Friction Between Athens and Corinth
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