ebook img

Ancient Greece PDF

1076 Pages·2007·13.27 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece MAGILL’S C H O I C E Ancient Greece Volume 1 Achaean League — Dorian Invasion of Greece 1-338 Appendixes Indexes Edited by Thomas J. Sienkewicz Monmouth College, Illinois Salem Press, Inc. Pasadena, California Hackensack, New Jersey Cover image:Michael Palis/Dreamstime.com Copyright © 2007, by Salem Press, Inc. Allrightsinthisbookarereserved.Nopartofthisworkmaybeusedorreproducedinany mannerwhatsoeverortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical, includingphotocopy,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,without writtenpermissionfromthecopyrightownerexceptinthecaseofbriefquotationsembod- iedincriticalarticlesandreviews.Forinformationaddressthepublisher,SalemPress,Inc., P.O. Box 50062, Pasadena, California 91115. (cid:1) ThepaperusedinthesevolumesconformstotheAmericanNationalStandardforPer- manence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). SomeessaysoriginallyappearedinGreatEventsfromHistory:TheAncientWorld,Prehis- tory-476C.E.(2004),GreatLivesfromHistory:TheAncientWorld,Prehistory-476C.E. (2004),CyclopediaofWorldAuthors,FourthRevisedEdition(2004),Encyclopediaofthe AncientWorld(2002),WeaponsandWarfare(2002),andMagill’sGuidetoMilitaryHis- tory(2001). New essays and other material have been added. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ancient Greece / edited by Thomas J. Sienkewicz. p. cm. — (Magill’s choice) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-58765-281-3 (set : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-58765-282-0 (vol. 1 : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-58765-281-1 (set : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-58765-282-X (vol. 1 : alk. paper) [etc.] 1. Greece—History—To 146 B.C. 2. Greece—History—146 B.C.-323 A.D. I. Sienkewicz, Thomas J. II. Series. DF214.A49 2007 938.003—dc22 2006016525 printed in canada Contents Publisher’s Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Complete List of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv Key to Pronunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix Achaean League . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Achaean War. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Achilles Painter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Battle of Actium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Battle of Aegospotami . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Aeschines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Aeschylus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Aesop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Aetolian League. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Agariste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Agathon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Agesilaus II of Sparta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Alcaeus of Lesbos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Alcibiades of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Alcmaeon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Alcman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Alexander the Great. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Alexander the Great’s Empire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Alexandrian Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Amasis Painter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Amazons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Anacreon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Anaxagoras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Anaximander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Anaximenes of Miletus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Andocides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Antigonid Dynasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 v Ancient Greece Antiochus the Great. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Antipater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Antiphon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Antisthenes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Anyte of Tegea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Apollodorus of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Apollodorus of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Apollonius of Perga. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Apollonius Rhodius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Aratus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Archaic Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Archidamian War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Archidamus II of Sparta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Archidamus III of Sparta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Archilochus of Paros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Archimedes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Archytas of Tarentum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Argead Dynasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Aristarchus of Samos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Aristarchus of Samothrace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Aristides of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Aristides of Miletus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Aristippus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Aristophanes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Aristotle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Aristoxenus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Art and Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Artemisia I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Artemisia II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Aspasia of Miletus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Athenian Democracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Athenian Empire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Athenian Invasion of Sicily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Attalid Dynasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Bacchylides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Bion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 vi Contents Brasidas of Sparta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Bucolic Poetry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Calendars and Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Callicrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Callimachus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Carthaginian-Syracusan War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Cassander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Battle of Chaeronea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Cimon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Classical Greece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Cleisthenes of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Cleisthenes of Sicyon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Cleomenes I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Cleomenes II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Cleomenes III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 Cleon of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Cleopatra VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Coins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Colossus of Rhodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Corinna of Tanagra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Sack of Corinth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Corinthian War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Cosmology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Crates of Athens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Cratinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Crete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Critias of Athens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Croesus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 Battle of Cunaxa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Cyclades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 Cynicism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Battle of Cynoscephalae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Cyprus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 Cypselus of Corinth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Daily Life and Customs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Death and Burial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Delphi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 vii Ancient Greece Delphic Oracle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Demetrius Phalereus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Demetrius Poliorcetes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 Democritus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Demosthenes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 Wars of the Diadochi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 Diocles of Carystus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 Diodorus Siculus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 Diogenes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 Dionysius the Elder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Dionysius the Younger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 Dorian Invasion of Greece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 viii Publisher’s Note Ancient Greek civilization—the heroic tales of Homer and the philo- sophical musings of Plato, the bloody Peloponnesian Wars between Ath- ensandSpartaandthevastempireofAlexandertheGreat—servedasthe touchstoneformuchofWesternhistorythatfollowed.AncientGreeceisa three-volume,A-ZsurveyofGreekhistoryandculturefromitsearliestar- chaeological remains until the Battle of Actium in 31 b.c.e., when Greek civilizationmergedwithRomantobecomeGreco-Romancivilization,that is sure to fascinate students and general readers of all ages. The315essaysinthisworkrangeinlengthfrom1to8pages.Theyin- cludegeneraloverviewsofsuchtopicsasartandarchitecture,dailylifeand customs, education and training, government and law, language and dia- lects,literature,medicineandhealth,mythology,theperformingarts,phi- losophy,religionandritual,science,sportsandentertainment,warfare,and women’s life. Biographical entries cover statesmen, military leaders, art- ists, writers, scientists, and philosophers. Descriptive entries examine types of literature, battles, and philosophical movements. By design, Magill’s Choice reference sets compile and update previ- ouslypublishedmaterialfromSalemPressinordertoproduceaffordable andusefulworks.AncientGreecebringstogetherrelevantessaysfromsix differentsets:GreatEventsfromHistory:TheAncientWorld,Prehistory- 476C.E.(2004),GreatLivesfromHistory:TheAncientWorld,Prehistory- 476 C.E. (2004), Cyclopedia of World Authors, Fourth Revised Edition (2004),EncyclopediaoftheAncientWorld(2002),WeaponsandWarfare (2002), and Magill’s Guide to Military History (2001). For each of these essays,thebibliographywasbroughtuptodatewiththelatestsources.In addition, 29 essays were newly commissioned specifically for Ancient Greece, making the work the only comprehensive source on this subject matter from Salem Press. Eachbiographicalessayinthesetidentifiesthefigure’sfieldofaccom- plishment,suchas“Playwright”or“Statesman.”Entriesonrulersalsopro- videlocationsanddateranges,suchas“KingofSeleucidDynasty(r.223- 187b.c.e.).”Thebestinformationaboutyearandplaceofbirthanddeathis provided;insomecases,onlythecenturyinwhenanindividualflourished isknown.Eachtopicalessaybeginswithabriefsummaryandprovidesin- ix

Description:
Ancient Greek civilization — the heroic tales of Homer and the philosophical musings of Plato, the bloody Peloponnesian Wars between Athens and Sparta and the vast empire of Alexander the Great — served as the touchstone for much of Western history that followed. Ancient Greece is a three-volume
See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.