ANATOMY OF A ROSE Other books by Sharman Apt Russell Songs of the Fluteplayer Kill the Cowboy iNhen the Land Was Young ANATOMY of a ROSE Exploring the Secret Life of Plowers Sharman Apt Russell ILLUSTRATIONS Lidcly Hubbell P FRS E US PUB LI S II I N G Cambridyc, Massachllsetts Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Perseus Books was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters. A CIP record is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0-7382-0208-8 Copyright © 2001 by Sharman Apt Russell All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Perseus Publishing is a member of the Perseus Books Group Text design by Elizabeth Lahey Set in Fairfield lliJ4 pt by Perseus Publishing Services 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10-03 02 01 First printing, February 2001 Find Perseus Publishing on the World Wide Web at http://www.perseuspublishing.com To Peter ~ I love you CONTENTS Lisl of IIlllslratiolls IX Ac1mowlcdgllinlts xi () N E The Physics of 13cauty TWO The Blind Voyeur II THREE Smelling Like a Rose 25 ['OUR The Shape of Things to Come· 37 FrVE Sex, Sex, Sex 49 SIX In the I !cdt of the Night 57 SEVEN Dirty Tricks 67 vii EIGHT Time 81 NINE Tr:lVc1in'Man 91 TEN 10J" ELEVEN The Tower of Babel and the Tree: of Life 117 TWELVE [:I()\vcrs ~1tl(1 Dinosaurs 129 TIIIRTEEN The Seventh Extinction 141 FOURTEFN What We Don't Know [49 FI FTI'EN Alchemy of a Blue Rose 159 SIXTEEN I)hytoremeciiation 169 Selected Bihliography and Notes 177 Index 201 viii CONTENTS ILLUSTRATIONS • Helianthus 5 • Spectrum 13 • Passionflower . 39 • Parts of a Flower . 40 · Philodendron 59 · Yucca Flower 69 . Cereus Cactus 84 · Pollen Grains 95 Delphinium 107 Oxeye Daisy 119 • Skyrocket with Broad Tailed Hummingbird . 145 • Datura . 150 ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS J want to thank my husband, Peter, and my children, David and Maria, for their constant and important sup port. Peter was my editor at home. Maria was a cheerful companion at the Sixteenth International Botanical Congress in St. Louis, Missouri. My friend Gail Stan ford accompanied me to Huntington Gardens. Amanda Cook, my editor at Perseus Books, was a tremendous help in shaping this book and in encourag ing me to trust my instincts and personal voice. In writing this manuscript, I sent out pleading letters and e-mails to perfect strangers, men and women whose research I was using and whose advice I needed. The following scientists responded generously with their time and efforts. I cannot thank them enough. Despite the invaluable help of these people, any mis takes in the final manuscript are entirely my own. ] ack Carter gave me some good advice at the very start. Nick Waser helped me from the beginning to the end, patiently reading through and commenting on many chapters. In some cases, he read through them twice. Nick has been an active researcher in floral biology for thirty years. I credit his work extensively in the selected bibliography and notes. His willingness to help reflects xi
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