Analyzing and Conceptualizing the Theoretical Foundations of Nursing

120 Pages·2016·6.14 MB·English

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ANALYZING AND
CONCEPTUALIZING THE
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS
OF NURSING
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Janice M. Morse, PhD (Nurs), PhD (Anthro), FCAHS, FAAN, is a professor
and Barnes Presidential Chair, College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt
Lake City, and professor emeritus, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Her research contributions include the development of the Praxis Theory of
Suffering and Comforting, the Morse Fall Scale (in use internationally), and
the advancement of qualitative and mixed-method research. She has edited
Qualitative Health Research (QHR) and Global Qualitative Nursing Research, and
was founding editor of the International Journal of Qualitative Methods (IJQM).
Her publications include Compassionate Nursing, Principles of Mixed-Method
Designs, Preventing Patient Falls (Springer Publishing Company), and texts for
several qualitative methods. In 1997, she founded the International Institute
for Qualitative Methodology (IIQM), directing a network of eight international
hubs and 115 universities, supporting training for QHR and mentoring
qualitative researchers globally. She was the recipient of the fifth Sigma Theta
Tau Episteme Award, an inductee of the Sigma Theta Tau Hall of Fame, and
has received honorary doctorates from institutions in Australia and Canada.
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ANALYZING AND
CONCEPTUALIZING THE
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS
OF NURSING
Janice M. Morse, PhD (Nurs),
PhD (Anthro), FCAHS, FAAN
© Springer Publishing Company
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Morse, Janice M.
Title: Analyzing and conceptualizing the theoretical foundations
of nursing / Janice M. Morse.
Description: New York, NY : Springer Publishing Company, LLC, [2016] |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifi ers: LCCN 2016004889| ISBN 9780826161017 | ISBN 9780826161024 (e-book)
Subjects: | MESH: Nursing Theory | Nursing Research | Concept Formation
Classifi cation: LCC RT81.5 | NLM WY 86 | DDC 610.73072—dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016004889
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For Bob
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CONTENTS
Contributors xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxv
SECTION I: DESPERATELY SEEKING THEORY
1. The Fringes of Knowledge 3
Janice M. Morse
The Science of the Art 5
Exploring the Fringes: The Clinical Utility of
Concept Inquiry 8
The Essentialness of Examining Our Practice 8
Why Do We Have to Know? 10
The Role of Values in Developing Knowledge 12
The Rise of Nursing Research and the Use of Frameworks
and Models 13
2. Where We Came From 19
Janice M. Morse
Chasing Nursing Theory 20
The Need for Nursing Theory 20
The Need for Nurse Scientists 26
The Need for Nursing Concepts 26
Mid-Range and Situation-Specific Theories 27
The Need for Nurse Educators 28
The Performance and Products of Nurse Researchers 30
Nursing Theory for Directing Nursing Actions for
Patient Care 33
The Gap Remains 33
Did We Forget? 34
Where Are We Now? 34
Where Are We Going? 36
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viii Contents
3. Seeing What We Know: Knowing What We See 45
Laura Bohannan
Shakespeare in the Bush 45
4. Incorporating Theory Into Practice Research 55
Janice M. Morse
Scenario 56
Nursing Perspectives 58
Dialogue 59
Discussion 64
5. Orientation 101: Definitions and Other Essential
Extraneous Notes 67
Janice M. Morse
Paradigm 67
6. The Battlefield of Knowledge: Different Purposes,
Different Approaches 77
Janice M. Morse
Inductive Approaches to Concept Development 79
Deductive Approaches to Concept Development 86
Developing Quantitative Models and Theories 87
Abduction 88
The Complementary Relationship Between Qualitative and
Quantitative Knowledge 89
Last Thoughts 92
SECTION II: ALL ABOUT CONCEPTS
The Conceptualization of Concepts 95
7. Concepts in Context 97
Janice M. Morse
What Is Context? 97
What Is a Concept? 99
Behavioral Concepts 101
The Structure of Concepts 105
The “Anatomy” of Concepts 105
Recontextualization 108
The “Physiology” of Concepts 110
Types of Concepts 110
Approaches to Understanding Concepts 115
The Contribution of Concepts 115
Frameworks and Models 116
Theory 117
Last Words 119
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Contents ix
8. Summary of Major Methods for Exploring Concepts 123
Janice M. Morse
Philosophical Methods for Concept Analysis 123
Meta-Analytic Methods 125
Combined Methods: Methods Using the Literature and
Qualitative Data 126
Methods Using Qualitative Inquiry 127
Summary 128
9. Inductive–Deductive Pitfalls in Concept Development 131
Janice M. Morse
The Myth of Induction 132
Exploring Qualitatively Derived Concepts:
Inductive Techniques 135
Summary 138
10. The Pink Elephant Paradox (or, Avoiding the Misattribution
of Data) 141
Judith A. Spiers
The Importance of Nurse–Patient Communication 142
The Concept of Vulnerability 144
Exploring Vulnerability in Home Care
Nurse–Patient Interactions 146
Summary 150
11. Concept Evaluation: Determining Appropriate Strategies for
Concept Development 153
Janice M. Morse
Determining Level of Maturity 155
The Process of Assessing Concepts 156
The Level of Maturity 162
SECTION III: EMERGING CONCEPTS
12. Qualitative Strategies for Concept Development 171
Janice M. Morse
Targeting Concepts Using Qualitative Inquiry 172
Building Lay Concepts Epistemologically 173
Qualitative Methods for Developing Concepts 174
A Mapping Method to Locate a Concept 176
Kristy K. Martyn
Qualitative Strategies for Identifying Concepts 178
Example of Interpretative Coding: Getting Behind the Data 180
Janice M. Morse, Kim Martz, and Terrie Vann-Ward
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