ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION AND INSTRUMENT PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION Edited by CHUNG CHOW CHAN Eli Lilly Canada, Inc. HERMAN LAM GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc. Y. C. LEE Patheon YM, Inc. XUE-MING ZHANG Novex Pharma A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION AND INSTRUMENT PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION AND INSTRUMENT PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION Edited by CHUNG CHOW CHAN Eli Lilly Canada, Inc. HERMAN LAM GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc. Y. C. LEE Patheon YM, Inc. XUE-MING ZHANG Novex Pharma A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright2004byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved. PublishedbyJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,NewJersey. PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada. 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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData: Analyticalmethodvalidationandinstrumentperformanceverification/ ChungChowChan...[etal.]. p. ;cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0-471-25953-5(cloth:alk.paper) 1. Drugs—Analysis—Methodology—Evaluation. 2. Laboratories—Equipmentandsupplies—Evaluation.3. Laboratories—Instruments—Evaluation. [DNLM:1.Chemistry,Pharmaceutical—instrumentation.2. Chemistry, Pharmaceutical—methods.3. ClinicalLaboratoryTechniques—standards. 4. Technology,Pharmaceutical—methods.QV744A5322004]I.Chan, ChungChow. RS189.A5682004 610(cid:1).28—dc21 2003014141 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica. 10987654321 CONTENTS Contributors vii Preface ix 1 Overview of Pharmaceutical Product Development and Its Associated Quality System 1 ChungChowChanandEricJensen 2 Potency Method Validation 11 ChungChowChan 3 Method Validation for HPLC Analysis of Related Substances in Pharmaceutical Drug Products 27 Y.C.Lee 4 Dissolution Method Validation 51 ChungChowChan,NeilPearson,AnnaRebelo-Cameirao,andY.C.Lee 5 Development and Validation of Automated Methods 67 ChantalIncledonandHermanLam 6 Analysis of Pharmaceutical Inactive Ingredients 85 Xue-MingZhang 7 Validation Study of JP Heavy Metal Limit Test 95 YoshikiNishiyama v vi CONTENTS 8 Bioanalytical Method Validation 105 FabioGarofolo 9 Procurement, Qualification, and Calibration of Laboratory Instruments: An Overview 139 HermanLam 10 Performance Verification of UV–Vis Spectrophotometers 153 HermanLam 11 Performance Verification of HPLC 173 HermanLam 12 Operational Qualification of a Capillary Electrophoresis Instrument 187 NicoleE.Baryla 13 LC-MS Instrument Calibration 197 FabioGarofolo 14 Karl Fisher Apparatus and Its Performance Verification 221 RickJairam,RobertMetcalfe,andYu-HongTse 15 The pH Meter and Its Performance Verification 229 Yu-HongTse,RickJairam,andRobertMetcalfe 16 Qualification of Environmental Chambers 243 GilmanWongandHermanLam 17 Equipment Qualification and Computer System Validation 255 LudwigHuber 18 Validation of Excel Spreadsheet 277 HeikoBrunner Index 299 CONTRIBUTORS NicoleE. Baryla, Ph.D.,EliLillyCanada,Inc.,3650DanforthAvenue,Toronto, Ontario M1N 2E8, Canada Heiko Brunner, Ph.D., Lilly Forschung GmbH, Essener Strasse 93, D-22419 Hamburg, Germany Chung Chow Chan, Ph.D., Eli Lilly Canada, Inc., 3650 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M1N 2E8, Canada Fabio Garofolo, Ph.D., Vicuron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., via R. Lepetit 34, I-21040 Gerenzano, Italy LudwigHuber, Ph.D.,Agilent Technologies, Hewlett-PackardStrasse 8, 76337 Waldbronn, Germany ChantalIncledon, GlaxoSmithKlineCanada,Inc.,7333MississaugaRoad North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada Rick Jairam, GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc., 7333 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada Eric Jensen, Ph.D., Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN Herman Lam, Ph.D., GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc., 7333 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada Y.C. Lee, Ph.D., Patheon YM, Inc., 865 York Mills Road, Toronto, Ontario M3B 1Y5, Canada Robert Metcalfe, Ph.D., GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc., 7333 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada vii viii CONTRIBUTORS Yoshiki Nishiyama, Eli Lilly Japan KK, 4-3-3 Takatsukadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2271, Japan Neil Pearson, Eli Lilly Canada, Inc., 3650 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M1N 2E8, Canada Anna Rebelo-Cameirao, Eli Lilly Canada, Inc., 3650 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M1N 2E8, Canada Yu-Hong Tse, Ph.D., GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc., 7333 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada Gilman Wong, GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Inc., 7333 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6L4, Canada Xue-MingZhang, Ph.D.,NovexPharma,380ElginMillsRoadEast,Richmond Hill, Ontario L4C 5H2, Canada
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