Analysis of the occurrence and statistics of hazardous materials spill incidents along Texas

156 Pages·2011·7.06 MB·English

NOTICE

The United States Government and the State of Texas do not endorse products or
manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are
considered essential to the object of this report
Technical Report Documentation Page

1. Report No.: 2. Government Accession No.: 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.:

FHWA/TX -0–5200–1
4. Title and Subtitle: 5. Report Date:
Analysis of the occurrence and statistics of hazardous materials spill June 6, 2011
incidents along Texas highways and suggestions for mitigation of
transport-related spills to receiving waters

6. Performing Organization Code:
TechMRT
7. Author(s): 8. Performing Organization
David B. Thompson, Audra N. Morse, and Jenna Acker Report No. 0–5200–1
9. Performing Organization Name and Address: 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS):
Texas Tech University
College of Engineering
Box 41023 11. Contract or Grant No.:
Lubbock, Texas 79409-1023 Project 0–5200–1
12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period
Texas Department of Transportation Cover:
Research and Technology Final project report October 2007 –
P. O. Box 5080 August 2009
Austin, TX 78763-5080
14. Sponsoring Agency Code:

15. Supplementary Notes:
This study was conducted in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, Transport Spill
Containment for Texas Highways
16. Abstract:

The purpose of this report is to present results from research on the occurrence and distribution of hazardous
materials spill incidents along Texas highways during the period of record from 2002–2006. In addition to the
analysis of recorded incident data, a literature review and interpretation of methods for mitigating hazardous
materials spills was conducted and the results are presented. Finally, a set of proposed design guidelines for
implementing hazardous materials traps in three settings is presented. The first setting occurs where no requirement
for detention or water-quality treatment is required, the second where detention is required but not water-quality
treatment, and the third occurs where both detention and water-quality treatment are required.
17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement
Hydrology, stormwater, hazardous materials spills, No restrictions. Document available to public
best management practices through TxDOT and TechMRT.
19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. Pages 22. Price
Unclassified Unclassified 154

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72)
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Analysis of the Occurrence and Statistics of
Hazardous Materials Spill Incidents along Texas Highways and
Suggestions for Mitigation of Transport-Related Spills to Receiving Waters
by
David B. Thompson, R.O. Anderson Engineering, Inc.
Audra Morse, Texas Tech University
Jenna Acker, Texas Tech University
Research Report Number 0–5200–1
Project Number 0–5200
Transport Spill Containment for Texas Highways
Sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation
in Cooperation with the
U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration
Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Transportation
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Texas Tech University
P.O. Box 41023
Lubbock, Texas 79409–1023
June 2011
AUTHOR’S DISCLAIMER
Thecontentsofthisreportreflecttheviewsoftheauthors, whoareresponsibleforthefactsandthe
accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official view of
policies of the Texas Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This
report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
PATENT DISCLAIMER
There was no invention or discovery conceived or first actually reduced to practice in the course
of or under this contract, including any art, method, process, machine, manufacture, design or
composition of matter, or any new useful improvement thereof, or any variety of plant which is or
may be patentable under the patent laws of the United States of America or any foreign country.
ENGINEERING DISCLAIMER
Not intended for construction, bidding, or permit purposes.
TRADE NAMES AND MANUFACTURERS’ NAMES
The United States Government and the State of Texas do not endorse products or manufacturers.
Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the
object of this report.
i
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ii
Acknowledgements
The researchers would like to thank the Project Advisory Committee for their assistance during
the project: David Zwerneman (Project Director), George (Rudy) Herrmann, Stan Hopfe, Amy
Ronnfeldt, James Mercier, Douglass Mack, and the Program Coordinator Duncan Stewart. The
authors would like to thank Poorva Narsapur for laying the initial project groundwork. Thanks to
those persons in the Texas Department of Transportation district offices for participating in our
phone survey and friends of the authors who answered detention basin design questions in Texas.
Special thanks to Rudy for thinking outside the box and for having the vision to relate this project
to other successful TxDOT projects.
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Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Project Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Procedure 5
2.1 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Development of Design Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 Literature Review 7
3.1 Description of Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Basic Spill Cleanup Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2.1 Emergency Response Handbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Current Emergency Spill Prevention and Cleanup Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3.1 Texas and TxDOT Current Cleanup Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3.2 Other States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.4 Treatment and Containment Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.4.1 Permanent Containment Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.4.2 Secondary Containment Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4 Results 17
4.1 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
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4.1.1 Hazardous Materials Trap Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2 Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2.1 Hazardous Materials and Their Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.3 Analysis of Spill Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.3.1 Statistics of Spills 2002–2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.3.2 Spills and Rainfall Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.3.3 Geographic Areas of High Spill-Incidents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.4 Design Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5 Summary and Conclusions 36
5.1 Project Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.2 Recommended Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Bibliography 39
A Select Water-Quality Design Standards 41
A.1 San Antonio, Texas Water Quality Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
A.1.1 Design Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
A.2 Austin, Texas Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
A.3 Fort Worth, Texas Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
A.4 TCEQ Edwards Aquifer Recharge Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
B Data for the Spill-Site Analysis 44
C Spill Remediation 51
C.1 Treatment and Containment Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
C.1.1 Permanent Containment Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
C.1.2 Secondary Containment Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
D GKY Pond Outlet Design Protocol 83
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