Analyses for Hormonal Substances in Food Producing Animals (RSC Food Analysis Monographs)

237 Pages·2009·6.63 MB·English

by  Jack F. Kay

Analyses for Hormonal Substances in Food-producing Animals
RSC Food Analysis Monographs
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Titles in the Series:
1:DietaryFibreAnalysis
2:ChromatographyandCapillaryElectrophoresisinFoodAnalysis
3: Quality in the Food Analysis Laboratory
4: Mass Spectrometry of Natural Substances in Food
5: The Maillard Reaction
6: Extraction of Organic Analytes from Foods: A Manual of Methods
7: Trace Element Analysis of Food and Diet
8: Analyses for Hormonal Substances in Food-producing Animals
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Analyses for Hormonal
Substances in Food-producing
Animals
Edited by
Jack F. Kay
Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, University of Strathclyde,
Glasgow, UK
RSCFoodAnalysisMonographsNo.8
ISBN: 978-0-85404-198-5
ISSN: 1757-7098
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
rTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2010
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Dedication
To Carol, my love and my anchor, whose selfless love and devotion to her
family and friends know no limit.
.הרכמ םינינפמ קחרו ,אצמי ימ ליח תשא
.רסחי אל ללשו ,הלעב בל הב חטב
.הייח ימי לכ ,ער אלו בוט והתלמג
.הנלכ־לע תילע תאו ,ליח ושע תונב תובר
A woman of strength, who can find? Her worth is far beyond pearls.
Her husband’s heart trusts in her, and he has no lack of gain.
She brings him good, not harm, all the days of her life.
Many women have excelled, but you surpass them all.
(Proverbs 31: 10–12, 29)

Preface
The genesis of this book can be traced to a meeting held in November 2006
at HFL Limited (now HFL Sport Science), a UK laboratory with significant
experience in the detection of veterinary drug residues in biological matrices.
The ban on the use of hormones and related compounds for growth promo-
tion in the European Community has been successively increased since the
initial ban on stilbenes was introduced in 1981 and now includes b-agonists
as well as other substances having a hormonal action such as thyrostats. The
original purpose of the meeting at HFL was to review progress on a multi-
national European Commission supported study to detect the illegal adminis-
tration of growth-promoting hormones. This has been a significant theme
within the United Kingdom government’s R&D programme since the early
1990s and is co-ordinated by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD),
an agency of the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
(Defra).
The European study built on earlier UK supported studies and there were
manydelegatespresentfromacrosstheEuropeanUnion,sothiswasseenasan
idealopportunitytoextendthemeetingtoreviewprogressinthewiderareaof
hormoneandrelatedresiduedetectioninfood-producingspecies.Byincluding
this additional discussion, participants were able to gain a wider appreciation
of current developments in a number of different countries.
This meeting was a success and was considered by those who spoke to me
afterwardsasbeingveryuseful.Withthisinmind,Ithoughtthatmorebenefit
couldbe gained from themeeting. When the‘‘hormoneban’’ first arose inthe
EU,therewereonly15MemberStates.Therearenow27MemberStates,many
of which do not share the historical background to the issue enjoyed by those
who attended our meeting.
This volume attempts to capture the key issues discussed in the above
meetingandextendsthecoveragetoensurethatthemostrecentdevelopments
RSCFoodAnalysisMonographsNo.8
AnalysesforHormonalSubstancesinFood-producingAnimals
EditedbyJackF.Kay
rTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2010
PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org
vii
viii Preface
intheareaareaddressedinasinglereferencework.However,thesubjectarea
discussed has been limited to growth promoting hormones, although for
completeness there will be some reference to the wider range of growth pro-
moting substances which have been used around the world either legally or
otherwise.
Thisbookisintendedasapurelyfactualaccountofthebackgroundtowhat
has become a significant international issue for both consumer protection and
trade.Itdealswithhowsciencehasdevelopedtoanswerthequestionsraised.It
does not set out to argue the merits of the cases for and against the use of
growth promoting hormones in food animal production. The authors of the
individual chapters are internationally acknowledged experts in their field and
the purpose of this book is to provide a single and definitive source of infor-
mation setting outthehistoricalpositionofthe trade issuewhichbroughtthis
dispute to public attention, together with an overview of the high quality sci-
encegeneratedinresponsetothistoprotectconsumers.Itismyhopethatthis
willbeofbenefittoscientistsworkinginthisarea,togetherwithregulatorsand
consumers.
Iamparticularlyindebtedtothepublishersinextendingthedeadlineforthe
text of this book, as this allowed the inclusion of relevant discussions at the
18thsessionoftheCodexCommitteeonResiduesofVeterinaryDrugsinFood
(CCRVDF) in May 2009, which was held in Natal, Brazil. The subject of
growthpromotinghormoneswasonceagainontheagendaforthisCCRVDF
meetinganditwasfittingtomakethisreferenceworkasuptodateaspossible.
IwouldliketothanktheVMDforallowingmetheopportunityandtimeto
accept an honorary position at the University of Strathclyde, under which I
havepreparedthisbook.ThanksarealsoduetoProfessorGeorgeGettinbyfor
offering me the position and for all his support in preparing this volume.
Jack F. Kay
Contents
Chapter 1 The Use of Hormomally Active Substances in Veterinary
and Zootechnical Uses – The Continuing Scientific and
Regulatory Challenges 1
Leonard S. Levy
1.1 Introduction 1
1.1.1 Recent Historical Perspective 2
1.1.2 TheRoleandRemitoftheVPC2002Working
Group 6
1.2 Biological Effects of Hormones and Endpoints of
Health Concern 7
1.2.1 General Properties of Hormones 7
1.2.2 Health Endpoints of Concern 7
1.2.3 Endocrine Disruption 8
1.2.4 The Use of Oestradiol in Cattle 10
1.3 TheScientificEvidenceAvailabletotheVPCWorking
Group 16
1.3.1 Exposure to Hormonally Active Substances 16
1.3.2 Bioavailability of Hormonally Active
Substances 18
1.3.3 Cancer Risks of Oestrogenic Substances 19
1.3.4 Altered Gene Expression by Oestrogenic
Substances 22
1.3.5 Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of
Oestrogenic Substances 23
1.3.6 Developmental and Reproductive Effects
of Hormonally Active Substances 29
RSCFoodAnalysisMonographsNo.8
AnalysesforHormonalSubstancesinFood-producingAnimals
EditedbyJackF.Kay
rTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2010
PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org
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