An Introduction to General American Phonetics

244 Pages·1992·98.856 MB·English

by  Charles Gage Van Riper, Dorothy E. Smith

Third Edition
Chorles G, Von Riper Dorothy E. Smith
3
KEY WORDS KEY WORDS
PHONETIC PHONETIC
SYMBOL ENGLISH PHONETICS SYMBOL ENGLISH PHONETICS
CONSONANTS
b beg, tttb beg trrb p paper, damper pepa dampe^
d do, and du and r run, far rrrn for
i
fan, scarf fen skorf s send, us send irs
s 3row, bag gro beg t ,oe, an, to ent
d3 judge, enjoy d5nd5 rnd3cr J shed, ash Jed aJ
h hem, inhale hem rnhel tJ cheap, each tJip ilJ
k kick, uncle krk ngkl e thin, tooth Orn tuO
I let, pal let pal 6 then,breathe 6en bri6
I app/e, turt/e ap! trt! vow, have vau hav
m men, arm mtn orm w lret, twln w€t twrn
m avtumn, wisdom ctm wrzdm hw when, white hwen hwalt
n nose, gain noz gen j /ou,,ret ju jet
{r sudden, ctrtain srrdl krtn 3 pleasure, vision pleSe vi3an
D wrong, anger rc! eDgt z 2OO, OOZe z!lz
vowELs
a* ask, rather ask radr Dr log, toss log tos
o lather, odd fqde od r earn, fur rn lr
make, eight mek et 3* earn, fur sn fa
& sdt, act s@t ekt ' never, percale nevo^ pakel
fatrgue, east fatig ist u truth, blue tru0 blu
a red, end red end U put, nook put nuk
l it, since rt srns ander, love irnda'lirv
o hope, old hop old e about, second abaut sekend
sauce, off scs c[
DIPHTHONGS
I sigh, aisle sar arl coy, oil kcr crl
AU now, owl nau aul
CENTERING DIPHTHONGS
tr air, share er Jer IT ear, here rr hrr
or are, car or kor aIr fire, liar farr larr
UT poor, sure pur Jur aur our, tower aur taur
cr oar, tore cr tcr
* These sounds are only rarely used in general American speech, but are still common in the
East and South. General American speech uses [a] for [a], [c] for [o], and [r] for [a].
An Introduction to
General American
Phonetics

An Introduction to
General American
Phonetics
rhird Edition
Charles G. Van Riper'
Dorothy E. Smith
Western Michigan University
STAVELAND
::
-=
-E=
PRESS, INC.
Long Grove, Illinois
l-or- infbr-nraticln about this book, contact:
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Copvright O 1979 by Charles (i. Van Riper ancl Dorothy L,. Snrith
Reissued 1992 by Wavelancl Pless, Inc. uncler arraneenrent r'vith Harper-Oollins l'ublishers, Inc.
rsBN 0-88133-671-rl
All riglts reset'uerl. No part ol thi.s book m,ay be reprodttced, .stored itt n retricital .systnn, or tra,n,sntJtted. ht a,ny
Jbrm or h\ un\ meuns zrithout perrnission. i'rt urritingJront the publisher.
Printecl irr the United St:rtes of America
19 t8 t7 16 ltl
14
Contents
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION vii
1. THE PHoNETtc ALPHABET AS A TooL
1
2. THE souNDS oF AMERIcAN ENGLISH 7
3. THE tNTERNATIoNAL PHoNETtc ALPHABET 25
4. THE FAMtLtAR coNSoNANTAL SYMBoLS 43
5.
soME vowELS 53
6.
THE uNFAMTLIAR coNSoNANTAL SYMBoLS 87
7.
MoRE vowELS AND DTPHTHoNGS 117
8.
TRANScRIBTNG coNNEcrED SPEEcH 145
9.
NARRow TRANScRIPTIoN 155
10.
AMERTcAN DtALEcrs AND
STANDARDS OF PRONUNCIATION 179
11. ABNoRMAL spEEcH AND FoRElcN DlALEcr 197
12. EXERcTsES FoR pRAcrtcE AND REVIEW 207
INDEX 225

Preface to the
Third Edition
Since lg54 when this text was first published, we have sought to find ways of improving its use-
fulness to students and instructors. In this, the third edition, we feel we have created a better
tool than the ones offered before. We have incorporated linguistic principles that are coming to
play a major role in modern speech pathology. New chapters dealing with the transcription of
on-going speech and narrow transcription are included. The application of phonemics and
phonetics to the understanding of the problems of deviant speech and language, foreign accent,
and dialect should prove more useful. We have tried throughout to use reading passages and
transcription material that are attractive to students and will facilitate their mastery of both
without pain or boredom. And, finally, as in the other editions, we have sought to minimize the
chore work of the instructor. we hope you will like this revision.
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