An Introduction to Circular Economy PDF
Preview An Introduction to Circular Economy
Lerwen Liu Seeram Ramakrishna Editors An Introduction to Circular Economy An Introduction to Circular Economy · Lerwen Liu Seeram Ramakrishna Editors An Introduction to Circular Economy Editors LerwenLiu SeeramRamakrishna Research,InnovationandPartnershipOffice MechanicalEngineering KingMongkut’sUniversityofTechnology NationalUniversityofSingapore Thonburi Singapore,Singapore Bangkok,Thailand ISBN978-981-15-8509-8 ISBN978-981-15-8510-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8510-4 ©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Foreword TheCovid-19outbreakhasexposedthefragilityofthecurrenteconomicmodel.It hasseveredvariousglobalandcomplexsupplyandproductionchains,contributing to their vulnerability. This crisis has shown again that the current linear take-use- disposesystemisfailingandthatweneedtodramaticallytransformoureconomic modeltoprogressdecisivelyinthetransitiontowardsatrulycirculareconomy,where resourcesaremaintainedintheeconomyforlonger,andwasteisminimised. Thisneweconomicmodelneedstobeunderpinnedbytheideaofresilience.The circulareconomy,bychangingthewayweproduceandconsume,cancreateamore performanteconomicmodelthatprioritisesreliabilityandsustainability.Europehas been working very hard in this direction over the past 5 years, leading the path towardsaclimateneutral,resilientcirculareconomy. Inthiscontext,theEUhasadoptedsignificantmeasuresforacoordinatedresponse toensuretherecoveryandatthesameputinplaceitsEuropeanGreenDeal,theflag- shipofPresidentvonderLeyen’sCommission.Suchmeasurescanalsobereplicated onaglobalscale. TheimplementationoftheEuropeanGreenDealandtheCircularEconomyAction Plan—willbetwoimportantpillarsoftherecoveryprocess.TheCircularEconomy ActionPlan(adoptedinMarch2020)announcesinitiativesfortheentirelifecycle ofproducts,fromdesignandmanufacturingtoconsumption,repair,reuse,recycling inordertobringresourcesbackintotheeconomy.Theaimoftheactionplanisto reducetheEU’sconsumptionfootprintanddoublethecircularmaterialuseratein thecomingdecadewhileboostingeconomicgrowthandjobcreation. All sectors can benefit from this approach, investing in large-scale renova- tion,renewables,cleantransport,sustainableproducts,sustainablefoodandnature restorationwillbeeven moreimportantthanbefore.Thisisnotonlygoodforour environment,itisalsogoodforoureconomiesbecauseitreducesdependenciesby shorteninganddiversifyingsupplychains.Finally,thereisalsoaverystrongsocial dimension,withinnovationplayingakeyroleinenablingthishistorictransformation. Ilooktothefuturenowwitharenewedconfidenceinhumanbeingsandinour capacitytocraftabetterworld.Weshouldusethiscrisistoreinventourselves.We shouldnotwasteit.Ifwewanttopreservelifeinthisplanet,whileatthesametime, v vi Foreword developasustainableandcompetitiveeconomywhichcreatesjobs,thereisnoother alternativethangoingcircular. Thisamazingbookbrilliantlycoversalltheseareasarguingconvincinglyhowto promotethecirculareconomyacrosstheboard.Itillustrateswellthechallengeswe arefacing,whileatthesametime,pointsoutthesignificantsocietal,economicand environmentalbenefitswhichcircularityentails.Wehavenotimetolose,business asusualisnotanoption,andtimeisoftheessence. Professors Seeram Ramakrishna and Doctor Lerwen LIU should be praised for theirpersonalandprofessionaldedicationsleadingthereflectionsonhowtodevelopa moresustainablefutureforall. July2020 DanielCallejaCrespo Director-GeneralDGEnvironment(ENV) EuropeanCommission Brussels,Belgium Acknowledgement Wearedeeplygratefultoalltheauthorsofthisbookfortheirdedicationinsharing theiramazingworkrelatedtocirculareconomy. WewouldliketothankMs.SawarosThongkaewandMs.DuangkamolBuaban from the STEAM Platform for their valuable infographic work for a number of chapters,especiallyChaps.1,29and30. Last but not the least, we express our special thanks to Dr. Giulio Manzoni (Microspace) for giving the original sketch of the cover page artwork and Miss WarichaHenchobdee(STEAMPlatform)forcoverpagegraphicdesign. October2020 LerwenLiu SeeramRamakrishna vii Contents IntroductionandOverview ......................................... 1 LerwenLiuandSeeramRamakrishna KeyConceptsandTerminology ..................................... 17 MengmengCui LifeCycleThinkinginaCircularEconomy .......................... 35 ShabbirH.GheewalaandThapatSilalertruksa TheFabricsofaCircularCity ...................................... 55 JohannesKisserandMariaWirth IndustrialCircularManufacturing .................................. 77 LeiShi IndustrialSymbiosisforCircularEconomy:APossibleScenario inNorway ........................................................ 95 AngelaDanielaLaRosaandSeeramRamakrishna AgricultureandFoodCircularityinMalaysia ........................ 107 HungTeikKhorandGaryKiangHongTeoh MaterialPassportsandCircularEconomy ........................... 131 MohamedSameerHoosain, BabuSenaPaul, SyedMehdiRaza, andSeeramRamakrishna PlasticsinCircularEconomy:ASustainableProgression .............. 159 AnandBellamBalajiandXiaolingLiu CircularEconomyEnabledbyCommunityMicrogrids ............... 179 DevaP.Seetharam,HarshadKhadilkar,andTanujaGanu RenewableEnergyandCircularEconomy:ApplicationofLife Cycle Costing to Building Integrated Solar Energy Systems inSingapore ...................................................... 201 RashmiAnoopPatil,VeronikaShabunko,andSeeramRamakrishna ix x Contents Circular Economy in a Water-Energy-Food Security Nexus AssociatetoanSDGsFramework:UnderstandingComplexities ....... 219 AlexGodoy-Faúndez, DiegoRivera, DouglasAitken, MauricioHerrera,andLahcenElYoussfi RecyclingofWasteElectricandElectronicProductsinChina ......... 241 KeliYu,HeranZhang,andYunongLiu Transforminge-WastetoEcoArtbyUpcycling ....................... 263 VishwanathDavangereMallabadi Waste Management Practices: Innovation, Waste to Energy ande-EPR ........................................................ 287 StephenPetersandKeshanSamarasinghe AgriculturalandMunicipalWasteManagementinThailand .......... 303 SuneeratFukuda NewParadigmforR&DandBusinessModelofTextileCircularity ..... 325 EdwinKeh Industry4.0andCircularEconomyDigitizationandAppliedData Analytics ......................................................... 349 ParvathyK.Krishnakumari, HariDilipKumar, ShrutiKulkarni, andElkeM.Sauter InnovationforCircularEconomy ................................... 369 JovanTanandVirginiaCha TheBusinessOpportunityofaCircularEconomy .................... 397 EllenMacArthurFoundation CircularSupplyChainManagement ................................ 419 CharoenchaiKhompatraporn CircularEconomyBusinessModelsandPractices .................... 437 AnnaItkin EconomicInstrumentsandFinancialMechanismsfortheAdoption ofaCircularEconomy ............................................. 455 SantiagoEnriquez, ErnestoSánchez-Triana, andMayraGabrielaGuerraLópez LifeCycleGreenhouseGasEmissionsforCircularEconomy .......... 483 ThumrongrutMungcharoen, VigandaVarabuntoonvit, andNongnuchPoolsawad LifeCycleCosting:MethodologyandApplicationsinaCircular Economy ......................................................... 499 PiyaKerdlapandSimoneCornago Contents xi TowardsSustainableBusinessStrategiesforaCircularEconomy: Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Performance andEvaluation .................................................... 527 RashmiAnoopPatil,PatriziaGhisellini,andSeeramRamakrishna CircularEconomyPracticesinIndia ................................ 555 PrasadModak CircularEconomyinTaiwan-TransitionRoadmapandtheFood, Textile,andConstructionIndustries ................................. 577 Hui-LingChen,Ya-HsuanTsai,Chiao-LingLyu,andYu-LanDuggan YouthLeadershipinaCircularEconomy:EducationEnabled bySTEAMPlatform ............................................... 597 ArslanSiddique,PanitsaraNakseemok,andLerwenLiu FutureOutlook .................................................... 623 LerwenLiuandSeeramRamakrishna
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