an IALS for the elementary grades, called "How Do Living - Eric

148 Pages·2012·2.33 MB·English

DOCUMENT RESUME
UD 029 179
ED 356 310
AUTHOR Sutman, Francis X.; Guzman, Ana
TITLE Teaching and Learning Science with Understanding to
Limited English Proficient Students: Excellence
through Reform.
INSTITUTION ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, New York,
N.Y.
PUB DATE Dec 92
CONTRACT RI88062013
NOTE 159p.
PUB TYPE Informatior Analyses ERIC Clearinghouse Products
(071) Reference Materials Bibliographies (131)
Reports Evaluative/Feasibility (142)
EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage.
DESCRIPTORS Annotated Bibliographies; Bilingual Education;
'Curriculum Development; Educational Change;
*Educational Improvement; Educational Practices;
Elementary Secondary Education; English; *Learning
Strategies; *Limited English Speaking; Public
Schools; *Science Instruction; Second Language
Instruction; *Teaching Methods
IDENTIFIERS Language Minorities; Reform Efforts; Science
Achievement
ABSTRACT
This paper, which considers effective science
teaching and learning for limited English proficient (LEP) students
in U.S. schools, is based on the assumption that science and English
language can be effectively learned together without excessive
emphasis on students' native language, although teachers and aides
who have knowledge of LEP students' first language can enhance
instruction through its judicious use. Science and language
instructional goals for LEP minorities; pedagogical practices that
either enhance or inhibit the attainment of these goals of enhanced
learning; publications that support the proposed pedagogical
practices; and science/curriculum and instruction for LEP students,
are all discu ssed or provided. Central to the pedagogy described n
which
this monograph is the use of related or thematic lessons in
sciences serves as the driving force though the materials integrate
series is
both science and language (English). Each related lesson
referred to as an IALS or integrated activity (ased) learning
"How Do Living
sequence; an IALS for the elementary grades, called
Things Behave?" is described in full. Ways in which the IALS
integrates the best pedagogical practices to greatly enhance science
and basic skills learning among LEP students; the nature of science
driven instruction for LEP students; and conditions to support reform
in science driven instruction for these students are also described.
Two appendixes are included. Appendix A provides an example of
another IALS, this one designed for the upper grades. Appendix B
provides 157 annotated references for science teachers, educators,
policymakers, and others for improving science instruction for LEP
students. (RLC)
TEACHING AND LEARNING SCIENCE WITH UNDERSTANDING
TO LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENT STUDENTS:
EXCELLENCE THROUGH REFORM
Francis X. Sutman
Education and Human Resources Directorate
National Science Foundation
Ana Guzman
Fellow to the Chancellor
Texas A&M University System
December 1992
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CEER (ER IC)
reproduced as
This document has been
eteived from the person or organization
originating it
made to improve
C Minor changes have been
reproduction mighty
P
moeinntts doof vnieowt Onre Ocepsinsiaornisly s rteapterde sinenthtisodf foiciua.l
OERI position or pohC),
Prepared for the ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, Box 40, Teachers College, Columbia
University, New York, NY 10027.
BEST COPY AVAILABLE
INTRODUCTION
concerning
latest understandings
considers the
This monograph
English
for limited
learning of scie ce
teaching and
effective
schools. It
students in t. nation's
proficient (LEP)
(language)
school
for teachers,
resource
as an invaluable
will serve
and college
school board members,
parents,
administrators,
well
the future
responsible for
faculty who are
university level
the United
population in
the LEP student
advancement of
being and
States and elsewhere.
herein, has
encouraged and supported
for reform,
The direction
The
research.
considerable
effective through
to be
been shown
extensive annotated
contain an
to this monograph
Appendices
beyond
other materials
instructions) and
references to
listing of
the narrative.
to throughout
those referred
assumption that
based upon the
included herein are
The materials
together
effectively learned
can be
English language
science and
placed upon the first language;
emphasis
excessive
without
LEP students'
knowledge of
who have
and aides
although teachers
its judicious use.
instruction through
can enhance
first language
themselves
have committed
to those who
this monograph
We dedicate
for the LEP student
opportunity
educational
to improving
assuring that this
are critical to
Their efforts
population.
effectively to the
prepared to contribute
population is
special
in the areas of science and
especially
needs of society,
proposed
the approaches
combined with
Their efforts,
technology.
the nation's LEP
will well serve
this monograh,
throughout
student population.
The Authors
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Chapters
1
Science and Language Instructional
Proficient
Limited English
Goals for
(LEP) Minorities
16
Grades N-6 Level Science/Curriculum
for LEP Students:
and instruction
The IALS
40
of Science Driven Instruction
The Nature
for LEP Students
62
In Science
Support Reform
Conditions to
Iv
Instruction for LEP Students
Driven
Activity Learning
Appendix A An Integrated
Upper Levels
Science for the
Sequence in
Science Teachers,
References for
Appendix B
Others for
Policymakers and
Educators, for LEP
Science Instruction
Improving
Students
Included in the Narrative
1. References
Resources
2. Sampling of Instructional
Science Learning
to enhance
Policy and Program
Background for
3.
In Science for
Designed to Improve
LEP Students
PREFACE
is a rich
for Understanding
Learning Science
Teaching and
and
improve science
designed to
of information
resource
limited English
learning for
instruction and
basic skills
The use of hands
populations.
minority stucent
proficient
force for
as the driving
investigations
on science
proposed
development,
and English language
mathematics
whose time has
principle
is an instructional
herein,
not only for
it works
indicates that
Research
arrived.
for all students
students, but
English proficient
limited
effective this
To be
levels.
lower grade
especially at
teachers who have
supported by
must be
teaching strategy
this case, science
content; in
familiarity with
reasonable
must
two subjects
Therefore these
content.
and mathematics
of
and training
the education
component of
be a significant
in preparation
all teachers
In addition,
all teachers.
in this
in the approach embraced
experience
require
the authors
because, as
especially true
This is
monograph.
to
instruction appears
approach to
usual lecture
state, the
require as
teachers do not
natural; and consequently
be more
They do
approach.
the lecture
experience in
extensive an
with the so-called
direct experience
need more extensive
inquiry approach.
to
monograph attends
that this
especially useful
It is
through support
science developed
materials in
instructional
of these
A number
Foundation support.
Science
National
have been
available,
some now commercially
materials,
the kinds
opportunity for
ample
offer students
designed to
experiences
science instructional
investigative
of hands-on
basic skills
enhance
learning and
improve science
that will
development.
Urban Education
the ERIC
significant that
It is particularly
to improving
dedicated
which is particularly
Center
of the nation, has
in the urban centers
education
a national
and that
the monograph;
commissioned
Association,
Science Teachers
the National
organization,
teaching, has joined
of science
the improvement
dedicated to
This form of
effort.
dissemination
publication and
in the
in
especially
to improve education,
effort,
cooperative
of
to the advancement
is so essential
urban schools,
behalf of
efforts, on
Without such
minorities.
underserved
will be lost.
national treasure
this group, a
they work toward
teachers as
to all
this monograph
I commend
and
meaningful
and more
instruction more
making science
attending
minorities
to all of the language
rewarding
entire nation.
throughout the
schools
Luther B. Williams
Director,
Assistant
Foundation's
Science
National
Education and
Directorate for
Human Resources
CHAPTER I
ENGLISH
GOALS FOR LIMITED
LANGUAGE INSTRUCTIONAL
SCIENCE AND
PROFICIENT MINORITIES
Education honored
for Bilingual
National Association
In 1991 the
of
Bilingual Teacher
him as the
by recognizing
Roberto Pettingi
teacher at the Martin
Pettingi is a science
the Year (1992).
Manhattan in New
West Side
High School in Upper
Luther King Jr.
York City. This school, like many urban schools, enrolls
sizeable percentage
including a
many cultures
students comprising
or
(language) proficient
limited English
classified as
who are
referred to as bilingual
students were
Historically these
LEP.
whose
cultural backgrounds
students from
These are
students.
announcement of
The formal
other than English.
native languages
indicated that ninety
Teacher of the Year Award
the Bilingual
New York State
have taken the
Pettingi's students
percent of
chemistry and have passed
biology and
Examination in
Regents
record was
This test passing
high stake tests.
these rigorous
had arrived
of his students
eighty five percent
amazing in that
past two
Republic over the
from the Dominican
in this country
successfully
90 percent had
Of these students
years or less.
some form of higher
high school and had entered
completed
education!
from Uruguay, achieved such
himself an immigrant
Roberto,
he sees
to LEP students, because
teacher of science
success, as a
that
and understands
science to society
importance of
both the
1
the
and learning
for teaching
excellent vehicle
science is an
for
Aside from concern
and language.
of mathematics
basic skills
his
"for developing
Pettingi has concern
learning,
academic
developing control
assisting them in
worth and
students' self
in teaching to
his success
He attributes
destinies."
over their
and excellent
in the sciences
excellent education
both his
for "bilingual"
appropriate
in teaching approaches
training
earlier
professional who
He is a motivated
student populations.
operator,
employment as a dishwasher, machine
had experienced
As a
education fellow!
pusher and NASA summer
garment cart
utilized many of
degrees, he has
holding two masters'
teacher,
These
this monograph.
described throughout
the practices
in part from his
were learned
practices, he states,
professional
at Fairleigh
student in a program
as a graduate
experiences
to prepare master
which was designed
University
Dickinson
school
for bilingual
related subjects
science and
teachers of
importance of organizing
emphasized the
This program
settings.
in
become proficient
so that LEP students will
instruction
of
their knowledge
as well as proficient in
English language
science.
in
Roberto Pettingi
successful as
to be as
Supporting others
to LEP students is the goal for this
sciences
teaching the
degree of
requires a high
His kind of success
publication.
and to be effective that personal
and commitment;
personal effort
direction can
And that
directed.
be appropriately
effort must
guidelines set
of the
and application
through guidelines
develop
2
and
directed effort
When appropriately
forth in this monograph.
rewarding to teachers,
not only
the results are
commitment exist,
generally.
to society
and eventually
their students
but also to
educational programs
enrolled in pre-college
Among all students
students, will
including LEP
students,
all minority
in America
This
experience.
of educational
greatest amount
require the
will be increasingly
ahead,
in the years
group of students,
and technological
to move the nation's science
called upon
the President's
initiation of
Since the
enterprise forward.
occurred in
gains have
only minor
Agenda" (1989),
"2000 Education
Aptitude Test
the Scholastic
science scores on
mathematics and
among
have occurred
No gains
(SAT) among Black Americans.
there
indication that
is one
This situation
Americans.
Hispanic
years in improving
the next few
accomplished in
be
is much to
but
all minorities
experience for
opportunity and
educational
classified as LEP.
minorities who are
those
especially for
and
instruction
this monograph,
proposed in
practices
Through
for LEP students
related subjects
sciences and
learning in the
both in
test scores
and standardized
phenomenally,
will improve
increase.
population will
for the LEP
and science
basic skills
raising the
overall in
greatly assist
this will
Better still,
nation.
the entire
understanding of
level of scientific
ti
3