AN ADVOCACY TOOLKIT - Family Care International PDF
Preview AN ADVOCACY TOOLKIT - Family Care International
cov1 MODULE 2 Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Review MOBILISING COMMUNITIES ON YOUNG PEOPLE'S HEALTH AND RIGHTS AN ADVOCACY TOOLKIT for Programme Managers FAMILY CARE I N T E R N AT I O N A L i Table of Contents Acknowledgements iii Abbreviations iv Introduction v TheToolkit v HowtoUsethisToolkit v TheTrainingGuide vi ApplyingthisToolkitandTrainingGuidetoOtherHealthand vii DevelopmentPriorities CHAPTER1: AdvocacyfortheImplementationofPolicies 1 Translatingpoliciesintoaction 3 Theroleofadvocacy 3 CHAPTER2: ConductingaSituationAnalysisforanAdvocacyCampaign 5 Conductingbackgroundresearchtounderstandtheproblem 6 Analysingexistinggovernmentpoliciesandcommitments 8 Exploringtheperspectivesofkeyinstitutionsandactors 11 Analysingtheresultsofthesituationanalysis 14 Formulatingadvocacygoalsandobjectives 15 CHAPTER3: WorkingwithPartnersonanAdvocacyEffort 20 Assessingtheneedforpartners 21 Considerationsinidentifyingappropriatepartners 22 Partnerships 23 Workingwithyouthgroups 26 CHAPTER4: TrainingonAdvocacyforPolicyImplementation 29 Preparingandimplementingatrainingworkshop 30 Evaluatingandfollowinguponthetraining 33 ii CHAPTER5: TranslatingAdvocacyObjectivesintoActivitiesandMaterials 35 Identifyingtargetaudiences 35 Identifyingappropriateadvocacyactivitiesandmaterials 36 CHAPTER6: PreparingAdvocacyMessages,MaterialsandOtherMedia 43 Identifyingtheinterestsandconcernsoftargetaudiences 44 Developingadvocacymessages 47 Developingprintadvocacymaterials 51 Preparingother(non-print)advocacymaterials 53 CHAPTER7: Monitoring,Evaluating,andImplementinganAdvocacyCampaign 66 Monitoringandevaluatingadvocacyactivities 66 Developinganimplementationplan 68 DevelopinganM&Eplan 69 (APPENDICES) APPENDIXA: SampleOutlineforEight-partRadioProgrammetoPromote 73 SexualityEducationinSchools APPENDIXB: ResourcesonYoungPeople’sSexualandReproductive 81 Health(SRH)andRights APPENDIXC: EvaluationForm 83 iii ANADVOCACYTOOLKIT/ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS MobilisingCommunitiesonYoungPeople’sHealthandRights: AnAdvocacyToolkitforProgrammeManagers Acknowledgements ThisToolkitandaccompanyingTrainingGuideweredevelopedwiththegeneroussupportoftheWorld Bank,DevelopmentGrantsFacilityandtheJohnM.LloydFoundation.FamilyCareInternational(FCI) wouldalsoliketoacknowledgetheUnitedNationsPopulationFund(UNFPA)andUNAIDSfortheirsup- portofapreviousHIVAdvocacyProjectinKenya,Mali,Niger,andTanzaniaforwhichmanyofthetools andcontentofthesematerialswereoriginallydeveloped. FCIwouldliketoextendspecialthankstopartnersinKenya,Mali,Niger,andTanzaniawhoseadvocacy effortsonadolescentsexualandreproductivehealthissuescontributedtodevelopmentandcontentof thisToolkit,andwhowereactivelyinvolvedinfield-testingthesematerials.Specifically,wewouldliketo acknowledgeandthankthefollowingorganisationsfortheircollaborationandcontributionstothiseffort: • KenyaAssociationforthePromotionofAdolescentHealth(KAPAH) • NationalOrganizationofPeerEducators(NOPE),Kenya • AssociationdesFemmesEducatricesduMali(AFEM) • AssociationpourlaPromotiondelaFemmeetdeL'enfantauMali(APROFEM) • AssociationMaliennepourlaPromotiondelaJeuneFilleetdelaFemme(AMPJF),Mali • AssociationdesJeunesTravailleursduSecteurNonFormel,Mali • MieuxVivreavecleSIDA(MVS),Niger • MadaouaCommuneSISET,Niger • CroixRouge,Niger • AMREF-Tanzania • FarajaTrustFund,Tanzania KathleenMcFarlandcoordinatedthefinalisationofthissetofmaterials,includingwritingmuchofthe textanddevelopingandfine-tuningthetoolscontainedherein.FCIwouldalsoliketoacknowledgethe followingindividualsfortheircontributionstothisToolkitandTrainingGuideortoearlierversionsof thesematerials:AliBoukary,PamelaBolton,EllenBrazier,VanessaBrocato,CynthiaEyakuze-DiDomenico, NilufarHossein,FatimataKane,FatimaMaiga,SamsonMulyanga,AngelaMutunga,TuntufyeMwakajonga, RehemaMwateba,OlipaNgobola,CristinaPuig,andDonnaSherard. FCIwouldalsoliketoacknowledgeAdvocatesforYouth,CAREInternational,CentreforDevelopment andPopulationActivities(CEDPA),andthePOLICYProject,whohavedevelopedsomeexcellenttraining andresourcematerialsonadvocacythatshapedthecontentofthissetofmaterials.Acknowledgement ismadeineachchapterfortoolsandtrainingactivitiesadaptedfromtheirmaterials. ProductionManagement:AdrienneAtiles,JocelynBan,andVirginiaTaddoni DesignandLayout:Ahlgrim|Sheppard Proofreading:AmyChristensen ©FamilyCareInternational,2008 Not-for-profitorganisationsmayuseanyofthematerialinthispublicationfreely,aslongasitisnotforcommercial purposes.FCIwouldappreciateacknowledgementandcopiesofanyreproductionswhenpossible. iv Abbreviations AIDS AcquiredImmunodeficiencySyndrome BCC BehaviourChangeCommunication CBO Community-BasedOrganisation DHS DemographicandHealthSurveys HIV HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus FBO Faith-BasedOrganisation IEC Information,EducationandCommunication ICPD InternationalConferenceonPopulationandDevelopment MDG MillenniumDevelopmentGoals M&E MonitoringandEvaluation NGO Non-GovernmentalOrganisation SRH SexualandReproductiveHealth STI SexuallyTransmittedInfection UN UnitedNations UNAIDS UnitedNationsProgrammeonHIVandAIDS UNFPA UnitedNationsPopulationFund v Introduction The Toolkit ThisToolkitisdesignedtoassistprogrammeplannersandmanagersindesigning,con- ducting,andevaluatingadvocacycampaignstoadvancetheimplementationofexisting policies,withaspecificfocusonyoungpeople’ssexualandreproductivehealth(SRH) andrights.Theinternationalcommunityandmanynationalgovernmentshaveendorsed youngpeople’srightstoreproductiveandsexualhealthinformationandservices.SRH laws,strategies,andpolicieshavebeenpassedinover150countries;unfortunately,in manycountries,thesecommitmentshavenotbeentranslatedintoprogrammesand servicesontheground. Advocacyinitiativesthatfocusonpolicyimplementationmaybeamuch-neededcatalyst forthedevelopmentofnewprogrammesorservices.Theycanalsohelpensuresupport ofpolicyactivitiesamongcommunityleadersandcommunitymemberswhomayotherwise beambivalentaboutoropposedtointerventionsaddressingyoungpeople’ssexualand reproductivehealthandrights.ThisToolkitisintendedtomotivateandguideotherswho areactivelyworkingtoensurethatyoungpeopleeverywherecanmakeinformeddecisions, stayhealthy,andrealisetheirdreams. ThisToolkitisalsobasedonthebeliefinthepowerofpartnerships—partnerships betweennationalandcommunity-basedorganisations,andbetweenadultsandyouth. Suchpartnershipscanofferimmeasurablebenefits,includingthechancetostrengthen theknowledgeandcapacityofgrassrootsactivistsandtoempoweranewgeneration withskillsandleadershipqualities. How to Use this Toolkit TheToolkitisorganisedtoleadtheuserthrougheachstageofplanningandimplementing anadvocacycampaignthatisfocusedonensuringthatexistinggovernmentcommitments aretranslatedintoprogrammesthatmeetyoungpeople’sneeds.Eachchapteraddresses differentstepsandaspectsofthedesignandimplementationofanadvocacyeffort. • Chapter1: AdvocacyfortheImplementationofPolicies,providesanoverviewofthe historyofSRHrights(anddevelopmentofrelatedpolicies),andtherolethatadvocacy canplaytoensurethatthepoliciesareenacted. vi • Chapter2: ConductingaSituationAnalysisforanAdvocacyCampaign,describesthe keyelementsofasituationanalysisonsexualandreproductivehealth(background research,policyanalysis,andin-depthdiscussionswithkeyinformants)andprovides somegeneralguidanceonanalysingandusingthefindingstoformulateadvocacy goalsandobjectives. • Chapter3: WorkingwithPartnersonanAdvocacyEffort,reviewscriteriaforassessing theneedforpartnersinanadvocacyeffortanddifferenttypesofpartnershipsthat maybeconsidered.Italsoprovidesanoverviewofthespecialbenefitsandchallenges ofpartneringwithyouthgroups. • Chapter4: TrainingonAdvocacyforPolicyImplementation,offerssuggestionsand guidancefortrainingcommunity-basedpartnersinadvocatingforpolicyimplementation, includingpreparingfor,evaluating,andfollowinguponanadvocacytrainingworkshop. • Chapter5: TranslatingAdvocacyObjectivesintoActivitiesandMaterials,outlines thestepsinvolvedinidentifyingappropriateactivitiesandmaterialsforanadvocacy campaign.Italsoprovidesguidanceonidentifyingandanalysingtargetaudiencesand selectingamixofactivitiesandmaterialstoreachthemwithadvocacymessages. • Chapter6: PreparingAdvocacyMessages,Materials,andOtherMedia,providesan overviewofthestepsinvolvedincraftingadvocacymessages,developingprinted materials,andpreparingnon-printadvocacymaterialsandmedia. • Chapter7: Monitoring,Evaluating,andImplementinganAdvocacyCampaign,provides anoverviewofkeystrategiesforeffectivemonitoringandevaluation(M&E),aswellas theimportanceofdevelopinganimplementationandM&Eplan. Eachchapteroutlineskeyissuesinvolvedineachstepoftheadvocacyprocessandoffers suggestionsandtipsforconductinganadvocacycampaigntoadvancetheimplementation ofexistingpoliciesandguidelines.Inaddition,theToolkitprovidesprototypetools, includingworksheets,discussionguides,atrainingguide,andaradioprogrammeguide, thatcanbeusedoradaptedforsimilareffortsinothersettings.Thetoolscanbefound attheendofeachchapter. The Training Guide MobilisingCommunitiesOnYoungPeople’sHealthandRights:AnAdvocacyTraining Guidewasdevelopedafterareviewofexistingadvocacytrainingguideshighlightedthe dearthofadvocacytrainingmaterialsforpolicyimplementationanddesignedforuse withgrassrootscommunity-levelpartnersandyouthgroups.TheTrainingGuidewas vii developedwiththeviewthatcommunity-basedadvocacyisacrucialinterventionand thatmuchmoreneedstobedonetoequipgrassrootsgroups,networks,andorganisations withtheinformationandadvocacyskillstodemandthatcommunityneedsandpriorities beaddressed. TheTrainingGuideisspecificallydesignedforusewithcommunity-basedorganisations, youthgroups,andothergrassrootspartnersthatareinterestedinimprovingaccessto SRHinformationandservicesforyouth.Thefive-daytrainingleadsparticipantsthrough theessentialstepsindesigningandplanninganadvocacycampaign.TheTrainingGuide includesanumberoftoolsspecificallydesignedtohelpgrassrootspartnersformulate advocacygoalsandobjectives,andmapoutacomprehensiveadvocacyplan. Applying this Toolkit and Training Guide to Other Health and Development Priorities Asmentioned,thisToolkitusesyoungpeople’srightstoSRHinformationandservicesas theframeworkwithwhichtoreviewthestepstoimplementanadvocacyeffortforpolicy implementation.WhilethisToolkitfocusesontheissueofsexualandreproductivehealth, theadvocacyprocessandtoolsprovidedherecouldbeusedforanynumberofother socialanddevelopmentpriorities,suchasmaternalhealth,gender-basedviolence,access toanti-retrovirals(ARVs),childmarriage,andmanyotherissues. 1 MOBILISINGCOMMUNITIESONYOUNGPEOPLE’SHEALTHANDRIGHTS: ANADVOCACYTOOLKITFORPROGRAMMEMANAGERS CHAPTER 1 Advocacy for the Implementation of Policies CHAPTER OVERVIEW 1. Introduction 2. Translatingpoliciesintoaction 3. Theroleofadvocacy Introduction* Atthe1994InternationalConferenceonPopulationandDevelopment(ICPD),governments fromaroundtheworldrecognisedthecriticalimportanceofyoungpeople’ssexualand reproductivehealth(SRH)andrightsfortheattainmentofbetterhealthandwell-being, andtobreakpatternsofhighfertility,poverty,anddependencythatinhibitnational development.Governmentsproclaimed,forthefirsttime,thatcountriesshouldprotect andpromotetherightsofyoungpeople,andrecognisedtheirneedfor: • Counsellingintheareasofresponsiblesexualbehaviourandcontraceptionforprotection againstunwantedpregnancyandsexuallytransmittedinfections(STIs)includingHIV, familylife,reproductivehealth,genderrelationsandequality,andviolenceagainst youngpeople; • Familyplanningandreproductivehealthinformationandservices;and • Supportmechanismsforthepreventionandtreatmentofsexualabuseandincest. In2007,theimportanceofyoungpeople’ssexualandreproductivehealthwasalso affirmedbytheUnitedNations(UN),withtheadditionofnewindicatorsrelatedtoaccess toSRHservicesandadolescentbirthratestoMillenniumDevelopmentGoal(MDG)5, improvingmaternalhealth. Muchprogresshasbeenmadetotranslatethecommitmentsarticulatedintheseinter- nationalagreementsintonationallawsandpoliciesthatsetoutprioritiesandstrategies *ForthepurposeofthisToolkit(andtheaccompanyingTrainingGuide),theterms“youth”and“youngpeople”areusedinterchangeably torefertoindividualsages10-30.Nonetheless,werecognizetheUNdefinitionofyoungpeopleas10-24years,youthas15-24years, andadolescentsas10-19years. 2 ANADVOCACYTOOLKIT Chapter1:AdvocacyfortheImplementationofPolicies forimprovingthesexualandreproductivehealthandrightsofyoungpeople.Policymakers, programmeplanners,andactivistsincountriesaroundtheworldhavemobilisedsupport andpushedgovernmentsforwardintranslatingtheICPDvisionintonational-levelcom- mitmentstoaction.Policyreformshavebeenundertakentoensuretherightsofyoung peopletoSRHinformationandservices.Inaddition,therearemoreeffortstoprovide sexualityeducation,includinglifeskills,inandoutofschools;topromotelivelihood opportunitiesforadolescentsandyouth;andtoencourageyouthparticipationinpolicyand programmedevelopment.In2004,aten-yearreviewofnationalprogressinimplementing theICPDProgrammeofActionfoundthatof151countries,85(61%)hadadvancedpoli- ciesorlegislationonreproductiverightsandtheSRHneedsofadolescents.1Another reviewofprogressconductedbytheEconomicCommissionforAfrica(ECA)foundthat 79%ofmemberstatesparticipatinginthesurveyhadenactedlawsandmeasuresto reducebarrierstocontraceptionforyoungpeople.2 Asencouragingasthisprogressis,furtheractionisneededtomakesurethatthese internationalcommitmentsandnationallawsandmeasuresareactualisedforthe world’syouthsothattheyhaverealaccesstoreproductiveandsexualinformation,as wellascounsellingandservicesinthecommunitieswheretheylive.Toomanyofthe enactedlawshavenotbeenimplemented,andyouthoftendonotreapthebenefitsof thelegislativeprocess.3Formanyoftheworld’syouth,programmesandservicesare concentratedincapitalcitiesandtowns,leavingthemlittleaccesstotheinformation andservicesthatwouldenablethemtomakesafe,healthychoicesintheirsexualand reproductivelives.4 TheescalatingtolloftheAIDSepidemicamongyouthworldwideservesasastark reminderofthegapbetweenpoliciesandprogrammesontheground.Forexample: • HalfofallHIVinfectionsnowoccuramongyoungpeopleaged15to24. • Youngwomenareparticularlyatrisk,makingupthemajorityofnewHIVinfections.5 Thesituationinsub-SaharanAfricaisparticularlyurgent.Morethantwo-thirdsofall peoplewhoareHIV-positiveliveinthisregion.6Withoutsignificantprogresstomake policycommitmentsareality,theAIDSepidemicthreatensnotonlytounravelsocialand economicgainsachievedoverthepastseveraldecades,butalsotojeopardisethepresent andfutureoftoday’syoungpeople. 1UnitedNationsPopulationFund(UNFPA).InvestinginPeople:NationalProgressinImplementingtheICPDProgrammeofAction, 1994-2004.NewYork:UNFPA,2004. 2UnitedNationsEconomicandSocialCouncil.ICPD10thAnniversary:AfricaRegionalReviewReport,EconomicCommissionfor Africa. NewYork:UnitedNationsEconomicandSocialCouncil,2004. 3TheCenterforReproductiveLawandPolicy.WomenoftheWorld:LawsandPoliciesAffectingTheirReproductiveLives,Anglophone Africa.NewYork:CenterforReproductiveLawandPolicy,1997. 4UNFPA.StateoftheWorldPopulation2003.NewYork:UNFPA,2003. 5UNAIDS,ReportontheGlobalAIDSEpidemic2006,Geneva:UNAIDS,2006. 6UNAIDS,AIDSEpidemicUpdate2007.
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