Amphibians of the Nevado de Cachi to Laguna Blanca Roadless Area

133 Pages·2013·2.32 MB·English

Amphibians of the Nevado de Cachi to Laguna Blanca Roadless Area
RdlsNo Species Name Common Name English Name
1500 Ceratophrys cranwelli Chaco’s Escuerzo Cranwell’s Horned Frog
1500 Chacophrys pierottii Escuercito
1500 Dendropsophus minutus Ranita amarilla comun Lesser tree frog
1500 Dendropsophus nanus Rana trepadora enana Dwarft Tree Frog
1500 Dermatonotus muelleri Muller’s Termite Frog
Rana Pinguino or sapito panaza
1500 Elachistocleis bicolor amarilla
1500 Elachistocleis skotogaster Ranita nariguda Snouted Frog
1500 Gastrotheca chrysosticta Salta Marsupial Frog
1500 Gastrotheca marsupiata Common Marsupial Frog
1402, 1500 Hypsiboas andinus Rana trepadora andina Andes Tree Frog
1500 Hypsiboas marianitae Rana hocicio de pala Salta Tree-Frog
Rana trepadora chaquena or R de Chaco Tree Frog or Purple Barred Tree
1500 Hypsiboas raniceps barras moradas Frog
1402 Hypsiboas riojanus Rana rijoa trepadora Rijoa Tree Frog
1500 Lepidobatrachus laevis Escuerzo Budgett’s Frog or Wide Mouthed Frog
1500 Leptodactylus bufonius Rana sapo Vizcachera White Lipped Frog
1500 Leptodactylus chaquensis Rana chaquena Chaco Frog or Cei’s white lipped frog
1500 Leptodactylus elenae Rana marmolada Marbled White Lipped Frog
1500 Leptodactylus fuscus Rana silbadora Rufous Frog
1500 Leptodactylus gracilis Rana alfarera Potter Frog
1500 Leptodactylus laticeps Rana coralina Coralline Frog
1500 Leptodactylus latinasus Rana piadora Oven Frog
1500 Leptodactylus mystacinus Rana de bigotes Moustached Frog
1500 Melanophryniscus rubriventris Sapito panza roja Red bellied Frog
Escuercito Comun o falso
1402 Odontophrynus americanus escuerzo Lesser Escuerzo
1500 Odontophrynus lavillai Escuericito Escuericito
1500 Oreobates discoidalis Rana hojarasca tucumana Tucuman Robber Frog
1500 Phyllomedusa azurea Rana mono chico Monkey Frog
1500 Phyllomedusa boliviana Rana mono yunguena Red rimmed leaf frog
1500 Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis Northern Orange-legged leaf frog
Rana mono chaquena or r.mono
1500 Phyllomedusa sauvagii de vientre pintado Pinted belly Leaf Frog
1500 Physalaemus biligonigerus Rana decuatro ojos o R llorona Weeping Dwarf Frog
1500 Physalaemus cuqui Rana de quatro ojos Four eyed frog
1500 Pleurodema borellii Rana de quatro ojos Roufus Four eyed frog
1500 Pleurodema cinereum
1500 Pleurodema marmoratum
1402 Pleurodema nebulosum
1500 Pseudis paradoxa
1500 Rhinella arenarum Sapa comun Common toad, Argentinian Toad
1500 Rhinella gnustae
1500 Rhinella granulosa Sapo granulated chaco Chaco Granulated Toad
1500 Rhinella rumbolli Sapo de Rumboll Rumboll’s Toad
Schneider’s toad or Cururu toad or
1500 Rhinella schneideri Sapo buey o Cururu Roccoco
1402, 1500 Rhinella spinulosa
1500 Rhinella veraguensis Veragua or Sapo Rio Viejo Beaked Toad
1500 Scinax castroviejoi
Rana de pintas claras o R
1500 Scinax fuscovarius hocicuda comun o R Trepadora Yellow legged or Snouted Tree Frog
Ranita de pecho manchado o R
1500 Scinax nasicus trepadora hocicuda Lesser Snouted Tree Frog
1402 Telmatobius scrocchii Rana De Titicaca agua Titicaca Water Frog
1500 Trachycephalus venulosus Rana lechosa o R. ternero Marbled tree frog or milky tree frog

Ceratophrys cranwelli,
Chaco’s Escuerzo Cranwell’s Horned Frog
Cranwell's horned frog (Ceratophrys cranwelli), also called the Chacoan horned frog, is a terrestrial frog
endemic to the dry Gran Chaco region of Argentina. Like most members of the genus Ceratophrys, they are
often considered Pacman frogs because of their uncanny resemblance to the popular video game character of the
same name. Most adult species range from 8-13 cm long (3-5 in) and can weigh up to 0.5 kg (1 lb).

An albino Pacman frog, with brilliant
yellow color.

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)

The backs of these frogs typically have dark green and brown coloration, although albino variants with orange
and yellow backs also exist. The dark color scheme aids in camouflaging the animal as it burrows and waits for
its prey. Though generally inactive, they are aggressive eaters, and are capable of leaping for several body
lengths in order to capture prey.
Cranwell's are nocturnal and rest with their eyelids open. They are ordinarily carnivorous, feeding mostly on
insects and like-sized animals, and are known to cannibalize other frogs.
At extreme temperatures, Cranwell's frogs enter a period of estivation, developing a thick layer of protective
skin to trap moisture and aid in respiration. When estivation is complete, the frog uses its front and hind legs to
help shed the protective layer. In many cases, the frog uses its jaws to help pull the skin over its back, often
eating the skin in the process.
Like many Pacman frogs, Cranwell's are very popular as pets. As such, they should be kept in a humid
environment such as an aquarium with moist substrate (not gravel). They should be fed a mixed diet of gut-
loaded crickets, mealworms, small mice, and feeder fish. As a rule of thumb, these frogs should be fed every 1–
2 days until the age of 18 months, at which point they should be fed once every 4–7 days.
Because of their large mouths, these frogs are particularly susceptible to impaction, a condition whereby the
frog's gastrointestinal tract is obstructed by a foreign body accidentally swallowed. The foreign body can be
almost anything, but in Pacman frogs kept as pets, it is commonly a small rock or piece of gravel used as
substrate. Impaction often leads to constipation and malnutrition, and possibly death unless treated promptly
with laxatives such as the osmotic diuretic lactulose. In severe cases, the volume of feces in the intestines is so
large that the lungs are obstructed and the frog's breathing is impaired. Surgery is often the only alternative in
these cases, although it is rarely performed because of its typically prohibitive costs.
References
 Reichle et al. (2004). Ceratophrys cranwelli. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006.
www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 12 May 2006. Database entry includes a range map and justification
for why this species is of least concern

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Chacophrys pierottii

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Chacophrys pierottii
Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Leptodactylidae
Genus: Chacophrys
Species: C. pierottii
Binomial name
Chacophrys pierottii
(Vellard, 1948)
Chacophrys pierottii is a species of frog in the Leptodactylidae family. It is monotypic within the genus
Chacophrys.[citation needed] It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or
tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened
by habitat loss.
Taxonomy
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family
ANIMALIA CHORDATAAMPHIBIA ANURACERATOPHRYIDAE

Scientific Name: Chacophrys pierottii
Species Authority:(Vellard, 1948)
Common Name/s:
Spanish – Escuercito
Assessment Information
Red List Category &
Least Concern ver 3.1
Criteria:
Year Published: 2004
Lucy Aquino, Ignacio De la Riva, Steffen Reichle, Ismael di Tada, Esteban
Assessor/s:
Lavilla
Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice
Reviewer/s:
Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Contributor/s:
Justification:
Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to
be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
Geographic Range
Range This species can be found in the Chaco of Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It has an
Description: altitudinal range of 70-200m asl.
Native:
Countries:
Argentina; Bolivia, Plurinational States of; Paraguay
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population
It is not well known from Bolivia and Paraguay, but the Argentinian populations appear to be
Population: large and widespread. This species is rarely seen except when juveniles leave ponds where they
develop.
Population
Decreasing
Trend:
Habitat and Ecology
This species can be found in Chaco dry shrubland and gallery forest. It is an explosive breeder
Habitat and
during the first heavy rains, breeding in temporary ponds. outside breeding season adults remain
Ecology:
buried underground. It does not adapt well to anthropogenic disturbance.
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Threats
It is collected for the international pet trade, and subject to heavy collecting during the breeding
Major
season. It is threatened in Argentina by the destruction of Chaco habitat for agriculture and wood
Threat(s):
extraction, land and water pollution caused by agrochemical runoff.
Conservation Actions
It occurs in several protected areas: Kaa-Iya in Bolivia, and PN Defensores del Chaco in
Conservation
Paraguay. Occurs in the Chancani Provincial Reserve, the Formosa Natural Reserve, Teuquito
Actions:
Multiple Use Reserve in Argentina.
Lucy Aquino, Ignacio De la Riva, Steffen Reichle, Ismael di Tada, Esteban Lavilla 2004.
Citation: Chacophrys pierottii. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2.
<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 March 2013.
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Dendropsophus minutus
Ranita amarilla comun Lesser tree frog

Lesser Treefrog

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Dendropsophus
Species: D. minutus
The Lesser Treefrog (Dendropsophus minutus) is a species of frog in the Hylidae family. It is found in
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad
and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In Spanish it is known as ranita amarilla común.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests,
subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet
or flooded lowland grassland, intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, rural gardens, urban areas, heavily
degraded former forest, ponds, and canals and ditches.
References
 Silvano, D., Azevedo-Ramos, C., La Marca, E., Coloma, L.A., Ron, S., Langone, J., Baldo, D. & Hardy,
J. 2004. Dendropsophus minutus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 21 July
2007.
Taxonomy
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family
ANIMALIA CHORDATAAMPHIBIA ANURAHYLIDAE
Scientific
Dendropsophus minutus
Name:
Species
(Peters, 1872)
Authority:
Common Name/s:
Spanish – Ranita Amarilla Comun
This species was previously within the genus Hyla but has recently been moved to the
Taxonomic
resurrected genus Dendropsophus (Faivovich, et al., 2005). It is probably a complex of more
Notes:
than one species.
Assessment Information
Red List Category &
Least Concern ver 3.1
Criteria:
Year Published: 2010
Débora Silvano, Claudia Azevedo-Ramos, Enrique La Marca, Luis A. Coloma,
Assessor/s:
Santiago Ron, Jose Langone, Diego Baldo, Jerry Hardy
Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson,
Reviewer/s:
Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Contributor/s:
Justification:
Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, tolerance of a broad range of habitats, presumed large
population, and because it is unlikely to be declining to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
History: 2004 – Least Concern

Geographic Range
This species occurs in the lowlands east of the Andes, from the Guianas, Trinidad and Tobago,
Range Colombia, and Venezuela southward through Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil to Bolivia (including
Description: interandean dry valleys), Paraguay, Uruguay, and Salta and Misiones Provinces in Argentina. In
Bolivia, it occurs at up to 1,800m asl.
Native:
Countries: Argentina; Bolivia, Plurinational States of; Brazil; Colombia; Ecuador; French Guiana; Guyana;
Paraguay; Peru; Suriname; Trinidad and Tobago; Uruguay; Venezuela
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population
This is one of the most common amphibians of South America found largely in Brazil. In the
Population: rainy season, this is the most abundant species in the Gran Sabana region in southeastern
Venezuela.
Population
Stable
Trend:
Habitat and Ecology
It is an inhabitant of tropical moist forests (including clearings), forest edge, and marshes.
Although it is especially common in the lowlands, where the frogs congregate in large numbers at
temporary ponds in the forest, it is also common around roadside ditches and puddles in the cloud
forest on the steep slopes of La Escalera and at grassy ponds in the Gran Sabana (Duellman, 1997).
Habitat and
It colonizes man-made standing water caused by agricultural activities and the constructions of
Ecology:
roads (Gorzula and Señaris, 1999). It is found on leaves and branches in tropical rainforest.
Reproduction takes place in temporary waterbodies. The eggs are laid in the water, and the
tadpoles develop there also. In southeastern Brazil, reproductive activity has been reported for the
months of December to January, and possibly also February (Abrunhosa et al., 2006). Individuals
from Santa Cecilia, Ecuador, were found in a restricted area of disturbed forest (Duellman, 1978).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Threats
Major Threat(s):There is no relevant threat to the species overall.
Conservation Actions
Conservation Its range includes many protected areas. In Ecuador, its geographic range overlaps with Parque
Actions: Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras.
Débora Silvano, Claudia Azevedo-Ramos, Enrique La Marca, Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron,
Jose Langone, Diego Baldo, Jerry Hardy 2010. Dendropsophus minutus. In: IUCN 2012.
Citation:
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded
on 02 March 2013.
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Dendropsophus nanus
Rana trepadora enana Dwarft Tree Frog

Dendropsophus nanus

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Dendropsophus
Species: D. nanus
Binomial name
Dendropsophus nanus
Dendropsophus nanus is a species of frog in the Hylidae family. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
Paraguay, Uruguay, and possibly Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or
tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, dry savanna, moist savanna,
subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-
altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, freshwater marshes,
intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, and canals and
ditches.
References
 Reichle, S., Aquino, L., Colli, G., Silvano, D., Azevedo-Ramos, C. & Bastos, R. 2004. Dendropsophus
nanus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 21 July 2007.
Taxonomy
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family
ANIMALIA CHORDATAAMPHIBIA ANURAHYLIDAE

Scientific
Dendropsophus nanus
Name:
Species
(Boulenger, 1889)
Authority:
This species was previously within the genus Hyla but has recently been moved to the
Taxonomic
resurrected genus Dendropsophus (Faivovich, et al., 2005). It is definitely a complex of more
Notes:
than one species.
Assessment Information
Red List Category &
Least Concern ver 3.1
Criteria:
Year Published: 2004
Steffen Reichle, Lucy Aquino, Guarino Colli, Débora Silvano, Claudia Azevedo-
Assessor/s:
Ramos, Rogério Bastos
Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice
Reviewer/s:
Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Contributor/s:
Justification:
Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, tolerance of a broad range of habitats, presumed large
population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened
category.
Geographic Range
This species occurs from northeastern Brazil southward through central Paraguay, northern
Range
Argentina, eastern Bolivia, to extreme southern Brazil, Uruguay, and the La Plata Basin in
Description:
Argentina, at 0-1,500m asl.
Native:
Countries:
Argentina; Bolivia, Plurinational States of; Brazil; Paraguay; Uruguay
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population
Population: It is very common.
Population Trend: Stable
Habitat and Ecology
It occurs on herbaceous vegetation at the edge of standing water. It is an unspecialized species that
Habitat and occurs in many habitat types including tropical rainforest and open areas (Amazonian savannah
Ecology: and disturbed areas). It breeds in temporary waterbodies. It also adapts well to anthropogenic
disturbance.
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater