Aminoff’s Neurology and General Medicine

1232 Pages·2021·30.945 MB·English

by  Michael J. Aminoff, S. Andrew Josephson

’
Aminoff s Neurology
and General Medicine
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’
Aminoff s Neurology
and General Medicine
SIXTH EDITION
Michael J. Aminoff, MD, DSc, FRCP
Distinguished Professor, Department of Neurology,
School of Medicine, University of California,
San Francisco, California
S. Andrew Josephson, MD
C. Castro Franceschi and G.K. Mitchell Distinguished Professor and Chair,
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine,
University of California, San Francisco, California
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To the memory of
Abraham S. Aminoff,
my father and friend,
and
to my wife, Jan,
and our three children,
Alexandra, Jonathan, and Anthony
for the happiness they have brought me
Michael J. Aminoff
To my loving and supportive family,
who always provides
such happiness and joy
S. Andrew Josephson
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Contributors
GARY M. ABRAMS, MD Chapter 58: Movement Disorders Associated With
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill General Medical Diseases
Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Chapter 60: Neuromuscular Complications of General
University of California, San Francisco, California Medical Disorders
Chapter 20: Sex Hormone, Pituitary, Parathyroid, and Chapter 63: Care at the End of Life
Adrenal Disorders and the Nervous System
AMIT BATLA, MD, DM
GREGORY W. ALBERS, MD Consultant Neurologist, Luton and
Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, England;
Professor, Department of Neurology and
Honorary Consultant Neurologist, National
Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School
Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen
of Medicine, Stanford, California
Square, London, England
Chapter 11: Stroke as a Complication of General
Medical Disorders Chapter 29: Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction and the
Nervous System
MATTHEW R. AMANS, MD, MSc
JOHN P. BETJEMANN, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,
Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine,
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
University of California, San Francisco, California
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
Chapter 53: Neurologic Complications of Imaging
California
Procedures
Chapter 54: Preoperative and Postoperative Care of
Patients With Neurologic Disorders
MICHAEL J. AMINOFF, MD, DSc
Distinguished Professor, Department of Neurology,
MICHAEL CAMILLERI, MD
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
Professor, Division of Gastroenterology and
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic
California
College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
Chapter 8: Dysautonomia, Postural Hypotension, and
Chapter 14: Disturbances of Gastrointestinal Motility
Syncope
and the Nervous System
Chapter 16: Neurologic Dysfunction and Kidney
Disease ROBERT CHEN, MA, MBBChir, MSc
Chapter 30: Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Professor, Division of Neurology, Department of
Neurologic Disorders Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Chapter 31: Pregnancy and Disorders of the Nervous Canada; Senior Scientist, Krembil Brain Institute,
System Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Chapter 35: Neurotoxin Exposure in the Workplace Chapter 1: Breathing and the Nervous System
viii CONTRIBUTORS
CHADWICK W. CHRISTINE, MD CHRISTINE FOX, MD, MAS
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,
Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
University of California, San Francisco, California Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
Chapter 58: Movement Disorders Associated With California
General Medical Diseases Chapter4:NeurologicComplicationsofCongenitalHeart
DiseaseandCardiacSurgeryinChildren
KYLE J. COLEMAN, MD
Resident Physician, Department of Neurology, JOSEPH M. FURMAN, MD, PhD
Indiana University School of Medicine, Professor, Departments of Otolaryngology and
Indianapolis, Indiana Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of
Chapter 38: Acute Bacterial Infections of the Central Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Nervous System Chapter 23: Otoneurologic Manifestations of Otologic
and Systemic Disease
G.A.B. DAVIES-JONES, MD
DOUGLAS J. GELB, MD, PhD
Senior Lecturer in Medicine (retired), University
Professor, Department of Neurology, University
of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, England
of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor,
Chapter 25: Neurologic Manifestations of Hematologic
Michigan
Disorders
Chapter 36: Abnormalities of Thermal Regulation and
LISA M. DEANGELIS, MD the Nervous System
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell
DAVID J. GLADSTONE, MD, PhD
Medical School, New York, New York
Associate Professor, Division of Neurology,
Chapter 28: Neurologic Complications of Chemotherapy
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto,
and Radiation Therapy
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Chapter 5: Neurologic Manifestations of Acquired
AMAR DHAND, MD, DPhil
Cardiac Disease and Arrhythmias
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,
Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's
SIMON M. GLYNN, MD
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,
Chapter 17: Neurologic Complications of Electrolyte
University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor,
Disturbances
Michigan
Chapter 57: Seizures and General Medical Disorders
WILLIAM P. DILLON, MD
Elizabeth A. Guillaumin Professor, Department of DOUGLAS S. GOODIN, MD
Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine,
California
University of California, San Francisco,
Chapter 53: Neurologic Complications of Imaging California
Procedures
Chapter 2: Neurologic Complications of Aortic Disease
and Surgery
VANJA C. DOUGLAS, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, BRENT P. GOODMAN, MD
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology,
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science,
California Scottsdale, Arizona
Chapter 9: Neurologic Complications of Cardiac Arrest Chapter 15: Neurologic Manifestations of Nutritional
Chapter 62: Dementia and Systemic Disease Disorders
CONTRIBUTORS ix
JOHN E. GREENLEE, MD of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University,
Professor,DepartmentofNeurology,Universityof Boston, Massachusetts
UtahSchoolofMedicine,SaltLakeCity,Utah Chapter 21: The Skin and Neurologic Disease
Chapter 42: Nervous System Complications of Systemic
SAROSH R. IRANI, BMBCh, MA, DPhil
Viral Infections
Associate Professor, Nuffield Department of
ELAN GUTERMAN, MD Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford,
Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Oxford, England
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Chapter 27: Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Autoimmune Syndromes of the Nervous
California System
Chapter44:NeurologicComplicationsofTransplantation
JASMIN JO, MD
andImmunosuppressiveAgents
AffiliateAssociateProfessor,Divisionof
CATHRA HALABI, MD HematologyandOncology,DepartmentofInternal
Medicine,BrodySchoolofMedicine,EastCarolina
Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology,
University,Greenville,NorthCarolina
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Chapter 26: Metastatic Disease and the Nervous
System
California
Chapter 37: Concussion
S. ANDREW JOSEPHSON, MD
MARK HALLETT, MD, DM (Hon) C. Castro Franceschi and G. K. Mitchell
Distinguished Professor, Department of Neurology,
Chief, Human Motor Control Section, National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,
Maryland California
Chapter 34: Neurologic Complications of Recreational
Chapter 52: Functional (Psychogenic) Neurologic
Disorders Drugs
Chapter44:NeurologicComplicationsofTransplantation
JOHN J. HALPERIN, MD andImmunosuppressiveAgents
Professor, Departments of Neurology and Chapter 54: Preoperative and Postoperative Care of
Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Patients With Neurologic Disorders
Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Chapter 62: Dementia and Systemic Disease
Pennsylvania
THOMAS J. KALEY, MD
Chapter 39: Spirochetal Infections of the Nervous
Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology,
System
Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, New York
SHELBY HARRIS, PsyD Chapter 28: Neurologic Complications of Chemotherapy
Associate Professor, Saul R. Korey Department of and Radiation Therapy
Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,
ANTHONY S. KIM, MD, MAS
Bronx, New York
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology,
Chapter 51: Neurologic Aspects of Sleep Medicine
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of
J. CLAUDE HEMPHILL, III, MD, MAS Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill California
Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Chapter 7: Neurologic Complications of Hypertension
University of California, San Francisco, California
NERISSA U. KO, MD, MAS
Chapter 61: Disorders of Consciousness in Systemic
Professor, Department of Neurology, Weill
Diseases
Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine,
OREST HURKO, MD University of California, San Francisco, California
Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Public Chapter 10: Cardiac Manifestations of Acute
Health and Community Medicine, Sackler School Neurologic Lesions