Table Of Content

July-December 1991 Author Index Volume 144, Numbers 1-6 Abbrecht, Peter H. Abraham, William M. Abrahams, Cyril ey 45 Abrams, John S. SE SO dncckcccdeatincdeeese 892 ee nach ee cceertsctueesad k e 344 Colebunders, Robert L. .............. 750 Ackerson, Lynn Bousbaa, Hassan GEE Ee, cesccncncntesveees 151 PETE, GE DE, onc ccccccccccsscee 914 Boushey, Homer A. Colman, Neil Colombel, Jean Frederick Adelmann-Grill, Bernhard C. Contreras, Gustavo Aerts, Colette Ch chtntheckdtnhexve eneankine 384 Agostini, Carlo Corbeil, Claude Agusti, Alvar G. N. Ahmed, Ashfaq Akino, Toyoaki Akoun, Georges M Brazzi, Luca Cortes, Alejandro pO Ee 507 BE, MONE Be cocccccccvsseces 179 Cosgrif' f, Lauren Broaddus, V. Courtney Brochard, Laurent SL DIED bcrxccecsescese 461, 1385 Broder, I. Costabel, Ulrich American Thoracic Society . Costantino, Joseph P............ 131, 1256 Brown, Linda Morris Coultas, David B. PE OX opv aceragvercccoeres bro Brown, Robert H. ........... wnbanaey 208 Couret, I. rer 807 Brudney, Karen Crimi, Emanuele Anderson, Paula J Crimi, Paolo Anderson, Roger Bry, Kristina Bryan-Rhadfi, Julianne Ando, Masayuki Buist, A. Sonia Andreu, Javier Araki, Shukuro Aranzana, Mercedes Arima, Kazuko caca cti nedeasinsil S15 Auckenthaler, Raymond ch aWicn ikke dee nadas town S15 Burrows, Benjamin Avery, Mary Ellen Buschman, Dennis L. ete Deni ore pudewaaele 36, 1245 Busse, William W. ......... 83, 1267, 1274 tc ccatchesdutes heehee 202 8 Sr er 507 de la Calzada, Carlos S. Bacellar, Helena CS EE ee S10 de la Fuente, Adolfo Cadranel, Jacques Gp Ries Bas GB, 2. ccvcccvccess 352 Ge, SEND Be cc cceccaseveces 1330 Calhoun, William J. ... 83, 580, 1267, 1274 Calvert, Geoffrey M Campbell, G. Douglas Gs BONED Doe ces cnccccccscces 1351 Defaveri, Julio Cardozo, Christopher STs hui cin dcn nine ottenedbiianedl S15 Carlisle, Carol C Carlstedt, Ingemar Chan, Christopher H. S. Chan-Yeung, Moira Beardsmore, Caroline S. Beaty, Christopher D. ............... 1408 DeWitt, Paulette Beehler, Connie J di Celle, Paola Francia EL cn pesntsevecesesieus 31 Dick, ans cicenedesaanteere 1267 Chen, Xiao-Rong Bellofiore, S. Cheney, eres ee 302 PE cvc creneosdaccsceses 1391 Chevret, Sylvie Chevrolet, Jean-Claude Chiaramondia, Maurizio Chodimella, Vidyasagar Christie, Pandora E. ............ 957, 1411 GR MEE WEG civeccccccccncses 1307 Du Bois, Roland M Du, T. eS Sees ors e 423 Ciccolella, David E. ........ RIE 284 ES vvacvecnunnawadadaweke 622 Idell, Steven Gomez-Sanchez, Miguel A. .......... 1404 Irvin, Charles G. CED EL, cwnceesaccunsseeees 1351 Gongora, Hugo Campos Iseman, Michael D................. 1, 914 Gontovnick, L Israel, Elliot Gontovnick, L. S. Ivins, Sally S. Goodenough, Paul C LE is Si cindewens snd ema 1385 Goodnight-White, Sheila Jabour, E. Rhett ES ioe rdesetseesweaaky 560 Jacobson, Mark A Graham, Neil M. H Jaeschke, Roman Graham, William G. B. ............. 1307 Jagirdar, Jaishree CE iv cds sreesnneceten 833 TS Siiceb nian abkee ck bee eke 845 rr 1234 Janssens, Stefan Graybill, John R Jany, Berthold Etkind, Sue C Grayston, J. Thomas Jarjour, Nizar, N. re 213, .~ Green, Malcolm Jederlinic, Peter J — I ding 5 Dik ashit os Adene ee Jesmok, Gary re errr 131 Jeugmans, Jacques SE MINES Siwcccccdeencnsceas 151 Jiang, Tian-Xi Fajac, Isabelle Grosset, Jacques Jiménez, Patricio I Ss Sc ccccetevescnnees 870 Gum, James R., Jr. Johnson, James E. Falcone, Tommaso Gundel, Robert H. Johnson, Joyce Gutiérrez, Monica OS, ey ee ° 1287 OE —E 792 Guyatt, Gordon H Jordan, Theresa J Farmer, J. Christopher Habib, Robert H. Faryniarz, Kathy Hadley, W. Keith PE ED 3 nccndeccesavcwceawe 917 i srocecoocncacecdeawaen 6 Hagansee, Michael E................ 1403 Kaboto, Mulamba Hallman, Mikko 1376 Kader, Hassan M. Abdel Biaiperim, Williams B. ..2..c ccc.cce ss 1302 YX errr errr 126 | _ n e 291 Kagey-Sobotka, Anne Kaliner, Michael A. Kannai, Yakar I. Kaplan, John E Karahunga, Cibangu Fingerhut, Marilyn A. Harrison, Nicholas K. Kaslow, Richard ee rere 782 i cis bia ei eno neveile 415 PE EN Miccckcwcsctcnceesee 352 Hasunuma, Kiichi Hathaway, Darren P..............000. 373 Keefe, Michael J Fleetham, John A Havlik, Joseph A Keegan, JoAnn Fletcher, Eugene C Hawksworth, Richard J CL 65.05 nhaceonwiewnse u 136 Fleury-Feith, Jocelyne Hedges, Donna L Keller, George E Heifets, Leonid B. Keller, Jana L Helmers, Richard A Kennedy, Eimear Hemenway, David R. es, BE On. occ ccccecacsces 1314 Henderson, Frederick W.............. 655 Kern, Nancy 0 ee 507 Kessler, Harold A NE ME idpan acene oe ab een 622 Herold, Christian J. SN MIs cictdscccescesseeaee 593 Herve, Philippe A Kharnasch, Virginia S. .......scccccces 909 Hessel, Patrick A Re ME kink baa satah a we ae 156 Hill, Malcolm R Kim, Won Dong Hill, Nicholas S. =e $10 King, Talmadge E., Jr CE Ms cc ccvccenakdueuae 208 Kinkade, Peter Te Uns crateieddnesivenusse s 45 Kips, Johan C Holbrow, J Kira, Shiro 8 Ee oe 782 Kita, Hirohita ET is.« ans beter smanecen 76 Knudson, Ronald J. i 6, 560 Kobayashi, Toshio Hornung, Richard W................ 1302 Koch-Brandt, Cl Horsburgh, C. Robert, Jr. Horvath, Christopher J Houdret, Nicole ME IIE POs occ asccccaccanteccs 770 Kongerud, Johny Ee ahacktindinkencudadhea nnehu e 263 Hubmayr, Rolf nis Satnaniaa kiea leca 526 Koulouris, Nickolaos G. Hudson, Leonard D.................. 254 Kraemer, Richard .......... vpabiiuae 347 Kramer, Mordechai R. ............... 552 Kuo, Cho-Chou Martin, Richard J. Kyle, Richard R Martin, Thomas R. Lacronique, Jacques Ladurie, Francois Le Roy Lafont, Denise Lai, gs a eer 458 Mathews, Oomen P. ................. 842 ied. sevshhiddrshewkneene 1287 PEE ionecavecceeeue Leia Pajuelo, Casimiro Gomez Matthys, Heinrich Maunder, Richard J Lane, H. Clifford DC .tktwebettanekenbawenee 622 Pankiw-Trost, Luba Lansing, Michael IR eo iarg wiiihe 6-ar entices 1291 McCormack, Francis X Paradis, Irvin L. a McDonald, Ruth J SE Ev v00scussvieeesesecs 291 McGranaghan, Sandra S.............. 848 SE SES cictcovesnibaeowene 141 LEE 70, 586 McLarty, Jerry Parquin, Francois OS ee 1291 I IED Bho. c coc vnveescoscesans 884 Patacchini, Riccardo Laviolette, Michel Meltzer, Ephraim Lebel, Francois Mensch, Jeannie Pauwels, Paul Leblanc, Pierre a MND UR, ncccccccecevesans 617 Lebowitz, Michael D. ................. 17 Peat, Nigel Peiperl, Laurence Pellegrino, Riccardo Pelosi, Paolo Meyrick, Barbara Lehr, John Michael, Audrey Lemaire, Francois Lemanske, Robert F., Jr. Milanese, Manlio PE, En cccncceneecuaeun SI Lent, Karen Milic-Emili, Joseph kee a eran 788 Lentine, Timothy PIN UL, 0 6 n0000400s0snseuns 401 Pesenti, Antonio Leopold, Harris B. Milleron, Bernard J. ................ 1330 De EE Ey dnconccaccsevedesde 151 Leoung, Gifford Millman, Richard P. ................ 1234 Pfeifer, Sibylle Piot, Peter Mion, Georges le 254 Mitzner, Wayne Dc ich iaebsewehs cabeorekel 000 Mohanty, Prasanna K. ...............-. 6 Montgomery, G. ......-.....-+00005: 344 Lewandoski, June R. Montgomery, Janet M Lewiston, Norman J. 0 Eee 622 EAE, GMI DED cccnnccccssececsas 1357 Morin, Jean-Francois Pottage, John C., Jr. Lhermitte, Michel Morley, John Prignot, Jacques Morris, James A Lichenstein, Lawrence M. Moxham, John BS Hie MED cee covcccsesccccees 51 Mukadi, Yiadiul Mulder, David Miiller-Quernheim, Joachim PEE ERs ovvccvecccseseseces 803 DE eCi thnthdeteesantewecksnnen 51 Murlas, Christopher G. .............. 869 Livingston, Floyd R.................- 136 Murphy, Robert Lwebuga-Mukasa, J. S. MacFadyen, Una M................-. 141 Mador, M. Jeffery Maggi, Carlo Alberto — ag Jean-Luc Ter 931 Nomura, Abraham Nunley, David O’Brien, Richard Es cn aceon wetnsecsas 136 Marcus, Ellen Bloom Margolskee, Dorothy J. Marshall, Sara E. Martin, J. G Spiga, Luigi Ussetti, Pietat Spooner, Veronica Valeyre, Dominique ED one rads eneieoid bete eeem ah 36 Van Cong, Nguyen Spurzem, John R Van Der Straeten, Marcel E. .......... 617 SOBs as cdiwibecewbeneks 126 Van Der Vliet, Helen Ts vcs xeGkdcwdesc aseeeser s 51 Van Herwaarden, Cees L. A SenGmmem, Pista Cy... ccc cccccvcces 655 Tis scettidastaneeibeneeis 870 Van Rensburg, Audrey J Stemmermann, Grant N. ............. 307 Van Schayck, Constant P. ........... 1297 NEES cnkwekssaseancesces 552 Van Weel, Chris vic 6ckdeenaseseaonin 655 Vasile, Norbert I, cccsecacnseshecsewe 1400 Vasquez, Arthur Stone, Phillip J Verdugo, Pedro Strausz, Janos Stream, Charles E. Vichyanond, Pakit Strimpler, Anne M NS 656.55 ciwuntiea kaneed 837 Strong, Arthur, A. Violante, Benedetto Strope, Gerald L Virtuani, Angelo AS ae ee 1234 Visscher, Barbara Stryzak, Alexandra Voelker, Dennis R Studnicki, Karen Voisin, Cyr Suffredini, Anthony F................ 760 Volovitz, Benjamin eee 488 ME wet hGLhiveueenswneneseed 1229 Sweeney, Marie H Von Essen, Susanna G. .............. 848 Sweeney, Theresa D. ................. 909 ON ee ee 338 Walden, Sandra M Szefler, Stanley J Waldron, James oe cna nmdiniesanenaies 263 Wee, Bee B., Be, ncccccccacssestss 5 Takahashi, Satsuki Takizawa, Takao Tallet, Julio Schwartz, David A. ......... 504, 684, 718 83, 1267, 1274 Schwartzstein, Richard M............. 419 Waron, Mordechai J. CEN, concvccsedscagmnese 131 Watrous, Jane Tattersfield, Anne A. Taylor-Papadimitriou, Joyce Weinberger, Steven E Tchervenkov, Christo Weiner, Paltiel Tepper, R. S. Weintraub, Steven J Teschier, Helmut Weisman, Idelle M the Bal Cooperative Group Steering Weiss, J. Woodrow 8 RPe y 722, 776 the Paris-Sud Lung Transplant Wentz, Kim R Group Wetzel, Claude E. Theodore, James _ rey 1297 ES, i0060idccncaweokse n 570 «| eee 499 EE, ncctacnnssceeeceenan 373 I cect ecicnaincaenaremeae e 845 Thompson, Austin B. le eee 845 Thompson, Sumner E Williame, Jean-Claude Thomson, Randall J. ................ 368 WL, SNE Tis. occcsnccceseesees 870 Thoppil, Cecil K Thornton, David J S4 Thurlbeck, William M. ...... 888, 892, 901 Tjandramaga, Tikma B. nee 481 Toelle, Brett G Tollerud, David J Smith, Christine M. ............ 957, 1411 Smith, Philip L Trulock, Elbert P. ............... 213, 433 Truwit, Jonathan D. ................. 531 Tryka, A. Francine Turner-Warwick, Margaret Twentyman, Orion P. ................ 782 Zimmerman, Jerry J. ................ 580 Zintel, Trevor Subject Index Acid nonreversible chronic, clinical usefulness of n-of-1 randomized aspiration, surfactant replacement improves lung recoil in rabbit lungs contrtrioalls iln peatiden ts with (BRrEF COMMUNICATION)9,6 2 after (CORRESPONDENCE), 468 Air-space enlargement in hamster, elastase-induced, and elevation atmospheric, and their precursors, health effects of (ATS Work- of urinary desmosine, correlation between, 284 SHOP REPORT), 464 Airway(s) glacial acetic, outbreak of reactive airways syndrome after spill asthmatic, leukotrienes C,, D,, and E, enhance histamine respon- of, 1058 siveness in, 1053 hypochlorous, inhibition of, by lidocaine and native components bacteria, lower, predictive value of oropharyngeal cultures for of alveolar epithelial lining fiuid (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 227 identifying, in cystic fibrosis, 331 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome blood flow modifies allergic airway smooth muscle contraction, 59 and AIDS-related complex, alveolar macrophages from patients collapsibility, upper, effect of weight loss on, in obstructive sleep with, constitutively synthesize and release tumor necrosis apnea, 494 factor-alpha, 195 cooling, transient, modulates dry-air-induced and hypertonic combined Apache II score and serum lactate dehydrogenase as aerosol-induced bronchoconstriction, 358 predictor of in-hospital mortality caused by first-episode dimensions, upper, effect of posture on, in normal subjects and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with, 319 in patients with sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome, 845 era, disseminated tuberculosis in, 1164 dysfunction syndrome, reactive, outbreak of, after spill of glacial and first-episode Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia unaffected by acetic acid, 1058 concomitant pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection, morbidi- —generation-dependent induction of muscarinic hyperrespon- ty and mortality in patients with, 6 siveness by thromboxane mimetic in vitro, 64 Acridine orange stain, comparison of, with culture and Gram stain guinea pig tracheobronchial, long duration and high potency of of needle aspirate in experimental Pseudomonas pneumo- antiexudative effects of formoterol in, 788 nia (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 959 hyperreactivity, T-cell-mediated induction of, in mice, 931 Adenosine 5'-monophosphate and methacholine responsiveness, dis- hyperresponsiveness similarity in, 3 and 24 h after allergen challenge, 352 capsaicin inhibits, after repeated aerosolized antigen in guinea Adult respiratory distress syndrome pigs, 368 effects of PEEP on respiratory resistance in patients with, and ozone-induced, effect of antioxidants on, in dogs, 1287 in normal anesthetized subjects, 101 virus-induced, possible involvement of neural mechanisms in functions of lung and blood neutrophils in patients with, and (CORRESPONDENCE), 1422 implications for pathogenesis of lung infections, 254 immune rabbit, challenged with ragweed antigen, cholinergic and neutrophils: two interlocking perspectives in 1991 (Eprtori- mechanisms involved with histamine hyperreactivity in, 70 AL), 251 insufflation, increasing flow rates progressively reduce dead space persistent generation of peptido leukotrienes in patients with, 263 in respiratory failure in, 1229 tumor necrosis factor levels in serum and BAL fluid of patients late-phase asthmatic reaction to inhaled allergen is associated with with, 268 early recruitment of, in 379 Aerosol mechanoreceptors, role of, in inhibition of inspiration during me- administration of prostaglandin E, augmentation of functional chanical ventilation in, humans, 1033 prostaglandin E levels on respiratory epithelial surface by, microvascular leakage, bradykinin-induced, is mediated via 1080 bradykinin B, receptor (CORRESPONDENCE), 237 antigen, capsaicin inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness but not obstruction lipoxygenase activity or eosinophilia after repeated, in guinea and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in left ventricular failure pigs, 368 and mitral stenosis (STATE OF THE ART), 945 boluses, inhaled, effect of ozone exposure on dispersion of, in increased, elevated BAL fluid histamine levels in allergic asth- healthy human subjects, 23 matics are associated with, 83 — induced bronchoconstriction, hypertonic, transient airway cool- peripheral, immediate and late inflammatory responses to rag- ing modulates, 358 weed antigen challenge of, in allergic asthmatics, 51 Age pressure effect of single breath of 100% O, on breathing in infants at 1, continuous positive, long-term acceptance of, in obstructive 2, and 3 months of, 141 sleep apnea, 1130 nonspecific bronchial reactivity in asthmatic children depends nasal continuous positive, equipment failure with (CoRRESPON- on severity but not on, 36 DENCE), 237 women of childbearing, with HIV infection, risk of tuberculosis reactivity among, in Zaire (CORRESPONDENCE), 1219 in vivo measurements of, using high-resolution computed Agonists, regular inhaled beta-adrenergic, in treatment of bronchi- tomography, 208 al asthma (EprtoriaL), 249 to intravenously administered bradykinin, lung peptidases, in- Air cluding carboxypeptidase, modulate, 869 cold, effect of, on bronchial response to inhaled histamine in single-dose comparison of inhaled albuterol and two formula- patients with asthma, 45 tions of salmeterol on, 626 dry, transient airway cooling modulates bronchoconstriction in- response duced by, 358 immediate and late, of patients with allergic rhinitis to seg- Airborne infection, theoretical limits of protection achievable in, mental antigen challenge, 1274 by building ventilation, 302 lipid mediators contribute to oxygen-radical-induced, in sheep, Airflow limitation 1291 chronic responsiveness in South African gold miners (CORRESPONDENCE), 1422 assessment of, in infants with cystic fibrosis, 344 sustained improvement in gas exchange after negative pressure increase in, provoked by inhaled allergen in asthma, 782 ventilation for 8 h per day on 2 successive days in, 390 methacholine, and 24-h urinary excretion of sodium and potas- 1433 sium in Normative Aging Study (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 722 O, species in, 146 strain-related differences in airway smooth muscle and, in rats, AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY 792 Animals in medical research, 965 of sensitized brown Norway rats, structural changes in after anti- Health effects of atmospheric acids and their precursors: report gen challenge, 423 of the ATS workshop on health effects of atmospheric acids smooth muscle response to endothelin-!, epithelial modulation and their precursors, 464 of, 373 Lung function testing: selection of reference values and interpre- surface, role of mechanical injury on, in pathogenesis of Pseudo- tive strategies, 1202 monas aeruginosa, 1147 Standards of nursing care for adult patients with pulmonary dys- upper, magnetic resonance imaging of, in obstructive sleep ap- function, 231 nea before and after chronic nasal continuous positive air- Training programs in adult respiratory disease and training pro- way pressure therapy, 939 grams in pediatric respiratory disease, 972 Albuterol Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy, 726 inhaled Aminophylline effects of, on work of breathing during weaning from mechan- administration, chronic, effect of, on diaphragm contractility and ical ventilation, 95 fatigue resistance in vitro, 121 single-dose comparison of, and two formulations of salmeter- effects of, on respiratory muscle interaction, 797 ol on airway reactivity in asthmatic subjects, 626 Animals in medical research (ATS STATEMENT), 965 nebulized, inhibitory effect of, on early and late asthmatic reac- Antibodies, detection of, related to human T-cell lymphotropic vi- tions ard increase in airway responsiveness provoked in in- rus type I, in patients with lymphocytic interstitial pneumo- haled allergen in asthma, 782 nia, 1361 short-term effect of, delivered via new auxiliary device in wheezy Antigen infants, 347 bronchoprovocation, experimental rhinovirus 16 infection poten- Allergen tiates histamine release after, in allergic subjects, 1267 challenge carbohydrate (sialyl SSEA-1), clinical significance of serum lev- dissimilarity in methacholine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate els of, in patients with fibrosing lung disease, 1177 responsiveness 3 and 24 h after, 352 challenge urinary leukotriene E, levels after, in bronchial asthma (BRIEF ragweed, of peripheral airways in allergic asthmatics, immedi- COMMUNICATION), 1411 ate and late inflammatory responses to, 51 increased numbers of mast celis in bronchial mucosa after late- segmental, immediate and late airway response of patients with phase asthmatic response to, 1282 allergic rhinitis to, 1274 inhaled structural changes in airways of sensitized brown Norway rats increase in airway responsiveness provoked by, in asthma, 782 after, 423 late-phase reaction to, is associated with early recruitment of -induced eosinophils in airways, 379 mediator release in primates, 76 Allergy proliferative response of lavage and blood T-lymphocytes in and asthma associated with occupational exposure to ispaghula comparison of cells from normal subjects and from patients and senna products in pharmaceutical work force, 1065 with sarcoidosis, 861 experimental rhinovirus 16 infection potentiates histamine release -provoked increase in histamine reactivity, 642 after antigen bronchoprovocation in subjects with, 1267 ragweed, cholinergic mechanisms involved with histamine hyper- skin test reactivity, distinct patterns of asthma, hay fever, and reactivity in immune rabbit airways challenged with, 70 phlegm production associated with, in Normative Aging repeated aerosolized, capsaicin i:hibits airway hyperresponsive- Study, 776 ness but not lipoxygenase activity or eosinophilia after, in Allograft rejection guinea pigs, 368 double-lung, successful! treatment of steroid-resistant, with or- Antioxidants, effect of, on ozone-induced airway hyperresponsive- thoclone OKT3 (Case Report), 224 ness in dogs, 1287 lung, increased lung clearance of **"TcDTPA in, 1333 Apache II score and serum lactate dehydrogenase combined as Aluminum potroom workers, longitudinal study of respiratory symp- predictor of in-hospital mortality caused by first-episode toms in, 10 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS, 319 Alveolar Apnea attachments in emphysema of human lungs, 888 /hypopnea syndrome, sleep, effect of posture on upper airway edema, intact epithelial barrier function is critical for resolution dimensions in normal subjects and in patients with, 845 of, in humans (CORRESPONDENCE), 468 and motor activity in preterm infants, 842 epithelial lining fluid, inhibition of hypochlorous acid by lido- obsiructive sleep caine and native components of (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 227 do patients with, have thick necks? (CORRESPONDENCE), 1422 gas dilution number, moment analysis of multibreath nitrogen effect of weight loss on upper airway collapsibility in, 494 washout based on, 513 long-term acceptance of continuous positive airway pressure lining fluid of rat, pharmacokinetic evaluation of tobramycin in, in, 1130 after endotracheal administration (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), magnetic resonance imaging of upper airway in, before and 1199 after chronic nasa! continuous positive airway pressure ther- macrophage(s) apy, 939 antibacterial activity, human, in alcoholic lung, 278 during pregnancy, therapy and implication for fetal health in hypodense, increased numbers of, in patients with bronchial (Case REPorRT), 46/1 asthma, 923 three-dimensional! upper airway computed tomography in pa- from patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex constitu- tients with, treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, 428 tively synthesize and release tumor necrosis factor-alpha, 195 Asbestos pulmonary, recovered from marijuana and tobacco smokers, bodies, clinical utility and reliability of, in BAL fluid, 684 antimicrobial and respiratory burst characteristics of, 1351 -exposed workers, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in, 689 proteinosis, BAL cell data in, 1330 Asbestosis, diagnosis of (EprTorIAL), 477 Alveolitis, diffuse fibrosing, pathogenetic significance of reactive Aspirate, needle, comparison of acridine orange stain with culture and Gram stain of, in experimental Pseudomonas pneumo- Atropine, inhaled, influence of, on lung mucociliary function in nia (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 959 humans, 1042 Aspiration, acid, surfactant replacement improves lung recoil in rab- Australian schoolchildren bit lungs after (CORRESPONDENCE), 468 relation of dose-response slope to respiratory symptoms in, 663 Aspirin-induced asthma, potent and selective sulfidopeptide leu- repeatability of histamine bronchial challenge and comparabili- kotriene antagonist, SK&F 104353, inhibits (BRIEF Commu- ty with methacholine bronchial challenge in, 338 NICATION), 957 Austria, outbreak of suppurative lymphadenitis connected with BCG Asthma vaccination in, 1990/1991 (CoRRESPONDENCE), 468 allergic Azathioprine combined with prednisone in treatment of idiopath’: elevated BAL fluid histamine levels in, are associated with in- pulmonary fibrosis, 291 creased airway obstruction in, 83 Baboon, premature, with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, bacterial immediate and late inflammatory response to ragweed antigen colonization and infection studies in, 1140 challenge of peripheral airways in patients with, 51 Bacille Calmette Guérin vaccination, outbreak of suppurative lymph- and allergy associated with occupational exposure to ispaghula adenitis connected with, in Austria 1990/1991 (CoRRESPON- and senna products in pharmaceutical work force, 1065 DENCE), 468 aspirin-induced, potent and selective sulfidopeptide leukotriene Bacteria antagonist, SK&F 104353, inhibits (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), aerobic gram-negative, colonizing critically ill patients, charac- 957 teristics of, 202 associated with distinct patterns of allergy skin test reactivity, lower airway, predictive value of oropharyngeal cultures for iden- eosinophilia, and serum IgE level in Normative Aging Study, tifying, in cystic fibrosis, 331 776 Beat frequency, autoregulation of, in respiratory ciliated cells, demon- awake subjects with, influence of posture and sustained loss of stration of, by viscous loading, 1091 lung volume on pulmonary function in, 499 Biopsy, transbronchial, evaluation of float sign for determining ade- bronchial quacy of specimens obtained with (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), acute exacerbation of, in children associated with afternoon 1406 weather changes, 31 Blacks, reliability of noninvasive oximetry in, during exercise and increased numbers of hypodense alveolar macrophages in pa- hypoxia, 1240 tients with, 923 Blood regular inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist in treatment of (Eprrori- flow, airway, modifies allergic smooth muscle contraction, 59 AL), 249 and lung neutrophils, function of, in patients with ARDS, and urinary leukotriene E, levels after allergen and exercise chal- implications for pathogenesis of lung infections, 254 lenge in (BRIEF COMMUNICATION), 1411 T-cell proliferation, inhibition of, by glucocorticoids in vitro, 1016 in children, nonspecific bronchial reactivity in, depends on severity T-lymphocyte but not on age, 36 activation, peripheral, and comparison of T-lymphocyte inhibi- chronic, glucocorticoid resistance in tory effects of glucocorticoids and cyclosporin A, 1026 glucocorticoid pharmaco‘inetics and receptor characteristics antigen-induced proliferative response of, in comparison of and inhibition of peripheral blood T-cell proliferation by cells from normal subjects and from patients with sarcoid- glucocorticoids in vitro, 1016 osis, 861 peripheral blood T-lymy “ocyte activation and comparison of Bradykinin T-lymphocyte inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids and cy- -induced airway microvascular leakage and bronchoconstriction closporin A, 1026 are mediated via a bradykinin B, receptor (CORRESPON- inhibitory effect of nebulized albuterol on early and late asth- DENCE), 237 matic reactions ana increase in airway responsiveness pro- lung peptidases, including carboxypeptidase, modulate airway voked by inhaled allergen in, 782 reactivity to intravenously administered, 869 interacting effects of atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness Breathing on annual decline in lung function and exacerbation rate effect of single breath of 100% O, on, in infants at 1, 2, and in, 1297 3 months of age, 141 is it pattern, effect of a solution to half the puzzle? (EprroriaL), 743 alterations in mental activity on, in healthy subjects, 481 T-cell-mediated? (Eprtoriaz), 1005 obliterative bronchiolitis on, during exercise in heart-lung trans- late-phase plant recipients, 131 reaction in, to inhaled allergen is associated with early recruit- sleep-disordered ment of eosinophils in airways, 379 diagnosis of, by half-night polysomnography, 1256 response to allergen in patients with, increased numbers of mast during REM sleep in English bulldogs, 1112 cells in bronchial mucosa after, 1282 work of, effects of albuterol inhalation on, during weaning from leukotrienes C,, D,, and E, enhance histamine responsiveness mechanical ventilation, 95 in airways of patients with, 1053 Breathlessness measurement of breathlessness during exercise in patients with, 39 induced in normal subjects, oral mucosal stimulation modulates mild bronchial, ventilation-perfusion mismatch after methacho- intensity of, 419 line challenge in patients with, 88 language of, the use of verbal descriptors by patients with cardio- patients with, effect of cold air on bronchial response to inhaled pulmonary disease, 826 histamine in, 45 measurement of, during exercise in asthmatics, 39 single-dose comparison of inhaled albuterol and two formulations of salmeterol on airway reactivity in, in subjects with, 626 Bronchial contraction induced by immune response, inhibition of time course and calcium dependence of sustained bronchocon- neutral i potentiates, in guinea pigs in vitro, 636 striction induced by deep inhalation in, 1262 Bronchiolitis, obliterative, effect of, on breathing pattern during Atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, interacting effects of, exercise in heart-lung transplant recipients, 131 on annual decline in lung function and exacerbation rate Bronchitis in asthma, 1297 acute, reduction in incidence of, by oral Haemophilus influenzae vaccine in patients with chronic bronchitis in highlands of proliferation, blood T-, inhibition of, by glycocorticoids in vitro, Papua, New Guinea, 324 1016 chronic, evaluation of, among workers exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetra- pulmonary neuroendocrine, effects of long-standing challenge chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1302 on, of actively sensitized guinea pigs, 714 Bronchoalveolar respiratory ciliated, autoregulation of beat frequency in, demon- lavage strated by viscous loading, 1091 with bronchoscopy causes neutrophil recruitment to lower re- T- spiratory tract, 848 induction of airway hyperreactivity mediated by, in mice, 931 cell data in alveolar proteinosis, 1330 is asthma mediated by? (EprToriAL), 1005 content of surfactant protein A, abnormalities in, in idiopath- Chain reaction, polymerase, detection of M. tuberculosis in spu- ic pulmonary fibrosis, 160 tum samples using, 1160 fluid Channel blockers, potassium, effects of, on vascular tone in per- clinical utility and reliability of asbestos bodies in, 684 fused rat lung, 884 histamine levels, elevated, in allergic asthmatics are associated Chemotherapy, standard, increased mortality and tuberculosis treat- with increased airway obstruction in, 83 ment failure rate among HIV seropositive compared with of patients with ARDS, tumor necrosis factor levels in, 268 HIV seronegative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treat- measurements of lung dust, effects of work exposure, retire- ed with, 750 ment, and smoking on, in Vermont granite workers, 1307 Children rewash, 151 acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma in, associated with after- mast cells in normal farmers and in those with farmer’s lung, 855 noon weather changes, 31 Bronchoconstriction asthmatic, nonspecific bronchial reactivity in, depends on severi- bradykinin-induced, is mediated via a bradykinin B, receptor ty but not on age, 36 (CORRESPONDENCE), 237 Australian school-age dry-air-induced and hypertonic aerosol-induced, transient airway relation of dose-response slope to respiratory symptoms in, 663 cooling modulates, 358 repeatability of histamine bronchial challenge and compara- noncholinergic, and tachykinin receptors in guinea-pig isolated bility with methacholine bronchial challenge in, 338 bronchi, 363 with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, hypercapnic sustained, induced by deep inhalation, time course and calcium and hypoxic ventilatory responses in parents and siblings dependence of, in asthma, 1262 of, 136 Bronchoprovocation, antigen, experimental rhinovirus 16 infection with cystic fibrosis, effect of theophylline on lung function tests, potentiates histamine release after, in allergic subjects, 1267 sleep quality, and nighttime O, saturation in, 1245 Bronchoscopy with BAL causes neutrophil recruitment to lower re- effects of ozone on respiratory health, allergic sensitization, and spiratory tract, 848 cellular immune system in, 1075 Bronchus, columnar papilloma of (Case REPorRT), 1400 older, bronchial responsiveness to histamine in (CORRESPON- Calcium DENCE), 237 dependence and time course of sustained bronchoconstriction school-age, who had mild lower respiratory illnesses in early child- induced by deep inhalation in asthma, 1262 hood, lung function in, 655 +, mechanisms of activation involving, in enhancement of pul- six-months isoniazid-rifampin treatment for pulmonary tuber- monary natural killer cell activity by platelet-activating fac- culosis in (CORRESPONDENCE), 1422 tor, 272 Chlamydia pneumoniae, strain TWAR, infection in patients with Cancer COPD (BrieF COMMUNICATION), 1408 lung, and pulmonary function, prospective study of, 307 Chromatography, high perforinance liquid, measurement of uri- non-small-cell lung, histologic staging of mediastinum of patients nary desmosine by, 284 with, as future standards for computed tomography, 1134 Collagenization, silicotic, distribution of, in relation to smoking Capsaicin inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness but not lipoxygenase habits, 297 activity or eosinophilia after repeated aerosolized antigen Colloid, zechnetium sulfur, pulmonary surfactant as vehicle for in- in guinea pigs, 368 tratracheal delivery of, in hamster lungs, 909 Carbon dioxide responsiveness, influence of sleep state on, 1125 Colonization, respiratory tract, nosocomial outbreak of, with M. Carboxypeptidase modulates airway reactivity to intravenously ad- fortuitum, usefulness of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in ministered bradykinin, 869 epidemiologic investigation of, 1153 Cardiopulmonary disease, use of verbal descriptors by patients with, CORRESPONDENCE 826 Bradykinin-induced airway microvascular leakage and bron- Cell(s) choconstriction are mediated via a bradykinin B, receptor, 237 activity, pulmonary natural killer, enhancement of, by platelet- Bronchial responsiveness to histamine in infants and older chil- activating factor, 272 dren, 237 bronchoalveolar mast, in normal farmers and in those with farm- Chronic airflow limitation in South African gold miners, 1422 er’s lung, 855 Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea have thick necks?, 1422 data, BAL, in alveolar proteinosis, 1330 Drug-resistant tuberculosis, 732 human T-, lymphotropic virus type I, detection of antibodies relat- Equipment failure with nasal continuous positive airway pres- ed to, in patients with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, sure, 237 1361 Estimating left ventricular filling pressure in patients receiving mast positive end-expiratory pressure, 972 and eosinophil mediators, characterization of, in response of Intact epithelial barrier function is critical for resolution of alve- patients with allergic rhinitis to segmental antigen challenge, olar edema in humans, 468 1274 An outbreak of suppurative lymphadenitis connected with BCG increased numbers of, in bronchial mucosa after late-phase asth- vaccination in Austria, 1990/1991, 468 matic response to allergen, 1282 Physiologic responses to exercise training in patients with ob- from normal subjects and from patients with sarcoidosis, antigen- structive lung disease, 1219 induced proliferative response of lavage and blood- T-lympho- Risk of tuberculosis among women of childbearing age with HIV cytes in comparison of, 861 infection in Zaire, 1219 Six-months isoniazid-rifampin treatment for pulmonary tuber- Phascinating physiology, 1008 culosis in children, 1219 A plea for clinical trials to resolve issue of optimal therapy in Surfactant replacement improves lung recoil in rabbit lungs after treatment of M. avium infection, 3 acid aspiration, 468 Regular inhaled beta-adrenergic agonists in treatment of bron- Virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness: possible involvement chial asthma: beneficial or detrimental, 249 of neural mechanisms, 1422 The U-shaped curve of concern, 741 Corticosteroid therapy and respiratory muscle function in humans, Elastase 108 human neutrophil, biologic characterization of ICI 200,800 and Cotton textile workers, exposure-related declines in lung function ICI 200,355, novel inhibitors of, 875 of, and its relation to current workplace standards, 675 -induced air-space enlargement in hamster and elevation of uri- Culture nary desmosine, correlation between, 284 comparison of acridine orange stain with, of needle aspirate in Electrophoresis, pulsed-field gel, usefulness of, in epidemiologic experimental Pseudomonas pneumonia (BRIEF COMMUNI- investigation of nosocomial outbreak of respiratory tract CATION), 959 colonization with M. fortuitum, 1153 oropharyngeal, predictive value of, for identifying lower airway Emphysema bacteria in cystic fibrosis, 331 alveolar attachments in, of human lungs, 888 Cyclosporin A and glucocorticoids, peripheral blood T-lymphocyte centrilobular and panlobular, in smokers, 1385 activation and comparison of T-lymphocyte inhibitory ef- Endopeptidase fects of, 1026 neutral, inhibition of, potentiates bronchial contraction induced Cystic fibrosis. See Fibrosis, cystic by immune response in guinea pigs in vitro, 636 Cytomegalovirus infection, pulmonary, morbidity and mortality 24.11 inhibition, neutral, reduces pulmonary vascular remodel- of patients with AIDS and first-episode Pneumocystis carinii ing in rats exposed to chronic hypoxia, 1342 pneumonia unaffected by concomitant, 6 Endothelin-1, epithelial modulation of airway smooth muscle re- Dead space, increasing flow rates progressively reduce, in respirato- sponse to, 373 ry failure, 1229 Endotoxin, inhaled bacterial, role of platelet-activating factor in Dehydrogenase, serum lactate, and Apache II score combined as pulmonary response to, 167 predictor of in-hospital mortality caused by first-episode Eosinophil(s) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS, 319 late-phase asthmatic reaction to inhaled allergen is associated with Desmosine, urinary early recruitment of, in airways, 379 correlation between elastase-induced air-space enlargement in and mast-cell mediators, characterization of, in response of pa- hamster and elevation of, 284 tients with allergic rhinitis to segmental antigen challenge, measurement of, by isotope dilution and high performance lig- 1274 uid chromatography, 284 Eosinophilia Destructive index and early lung destruction in smokers, 156 associated with asthma, hay fever, and phlegm production in Nor- Diaphragm mative Aging Study, 776 contractility capsaicin does not inhibit, after repeated aerosolized antigen in canine, effects of theophylline on, 1250 guinea pigs, 368 effect of chronic aminophylline administration on, in vitro, 121 Epithelia, airway smooth muscle response to endothelin-1 modu- responses of, to flow-resistance loads during sleep, 1107 lated by, 373 strength and endurance, effect of acute fasting on, 488 Epithelial barrier function, intact, is critical for resolution of alveolar edema in humans (CORRESPONDENCE), 468 Exercise antioxidants on ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in, challenge, urinary leukotriene E, levels after, in bronchial asth- 1287 ma (BrieF COMMUNICATION), 1411 theophylline on diaphragmatic contractility and fatigue in, 43 changes in end-expiratory lung volume during, in cystic fibrosis hemodynamic effects of 1:2 ECG-coupled jet ventilation in, 319 relate to severity of lung disease, 507 phasic respiratory muscle patterns and sleep-disordered breath- effect of obliterative bronchiolitis on breathing pattern during, ing during REM sleep in English bull, 1112 in heart-lung transplant recipients, 131 Dose-response expiratory muscle recruitment during inspiratory flow-resistive in relationship of grain dust and lung function, 1314 loading and, 113 slope to respiratory symptoms in Austraiian schoolchildren, 663 gas exchange during, in mild COPD and its correlation with lung Drug-resistant tuberculosis (CORRESPONDENCE), 732 structure, 520 Dust measurement of breathlessness during, in asthmatics, 39 grain, and lung function, dose-response relationships in, 1314 prolonged exhaustive, diaphragmatic energetics during, 415 in lungs of Vermont granite workers, effects of work exposure, reliability of noninvasive oximetry in black subjects during, 1240 retirement, and smoking on BAL measurements of, 1307 training, physiologic responses to, in patients with obstructive Dysplasia, bronchopulmonary, bacterial colonization anc infection lung disease (CORRESPONDENCE), [219 studies in premature baboon with, 1140 ventilatory response to, after intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Edema, alveolar, intact epithelial barrier function is critical for reso- Fallot, 833 lution of, in humans (CORRESPONDENCE), 468 Farmer’s lung, bronchoalveolar mast cells in normal farmers and EDITORIALS those with, 855 Asthma: a solution to half the puzzle? 743 Fasting, acute, effect of, on diaphragm strength and endurance, 488 The diagnosis of asbestosis, 477 Fatigue Individualized therapy versus standard regimens in treatment of effects of theophylline on, in dogs, 1250 M. avium infections, 1 resistance, chronic, effect of aminophylline administration on, Is asthma T-cell-mediated? 1005 in vitro, 121 Is sleep-disordered respiration part of pulmonary medicine? 478 Fibers, fast-twitch, maximal relaxation rate of inspiratory muscle Neutrophils and adult respiratory distress syndrome: two inter- can be effort-dependent and reflect activation of, 803 locking perspectives in 1991, 251 Fibrin turnover, abnormalities of pathways of, in human pleural space, 187 tiexudative effects of formoterol in, 788 Fibrosis Hamster cystic correlation between elastase-induced air-space enlargement in, assessment of airway responsiveness in infants with, 344 and elevation of urinary desmosine, 284 changes in end-expiratory lung volume during exercise in, re- lungs, pulmonary surfactant as vehicle for intratracheal delivery late to severity of lung disease, 507 of technetium su!fur colloid and pentamidine in, 909 effect of theophylline on lung function tests, sleep quality, and Hay fever associated with distinct patterns of allergy skin test reac- nighttime O, saturation in children with, 1245 tivity, eosinophilia, and serum IgE level in Normative Aging predictive value of oropharyngeal cultures for identifying low- Study, 776 er airway bacteria in, 331 Health effects of atmospheric acids and their precursors (ATS Work- idiopathic pulmonary shop Report), 464 abnormalities in BAL content of surfactant protein A in, 160 Heart-lung transplant recipients in asbestos-exposed workers, 689 effect of obliterative bronchiolitis on breathing pattern during azathioprine combined with prednisone in treatment of, 291 exercise in, 131 impact of smoking on mechanical properties of lungs in, 1002 human, hypercarbic ventilatory responses of, 126 influence of cigarette smoking on lung function in patients Haemophilus influenzae vaccine, oral, reduction in incidence of with, 504 acute bronchitis by, in patients with chronic »ronchitis in quantitative assessment of lung pathology in, 892 highlands of Papua, New Guinea, 324 pulmonary interstitial, mica-associated (CAsE REPORT), 718 Hispanics, New Mexico, heritability of ventilatory function in smok- Flow ing and nonsmoking, 770 rates, increasing, progressively reduce dead space in respiratory Histamine failure, 1229 bronchial resistance in patients with COPD in acute respiratory failure, 384 challenge, repeatability of, and comparability with methacho- -resistive loads, responses of diaphragm and external oblique mus- line bronchial challenge in Australian schoolchildren, 338 cles to, during sleep, 1107 responsiveness to, in infants and older children (CORRESPON- -volume relationship, maximal expiratory deflation, effects of DENCE), 237 varying inflation and deflation pressures on, in anesthetized hyperreactivity, cholinergic mechanisms involved with, in immune rhesus monkeys, 807 rabbit airways challenged with ragweed antigen, 70 Formoterol, long duration and high potency of antiexudative ef- inhaled, effect of cold air on bronchial response to, in patients fects of, in guinea-pig tracheobronchial airways, 788 with asthma, 45 Gallium-67 scans, whole body, and their role in diagnosis of sar- levels, elevated BAL fluid, in allergic asthmatics are associated coidosis, 1182 with increased airway obstruction, 83 Gas reactivity, antigen-provoked increase in, 642 dilution number, alveolar, moment analysis of multibreath nitro- release, experimental rhinovirus 16 infection potentiates, after gen washout based on, 513 antigen bronchoprovocation in allergic subjects, 1267 exchange responsiveness, leukotrienes C,, D,, and E, enhance, in asthmat- during exercise in mild COPD and its correlation wit! !ung ic airways, 1053 structure, 520 Histoplasmosis, murine pulmonary immunohistopathology of, dur- sustained improvement in, after negative pressure ventilation ing normal and during hypersensitive conditions, 1366 for 8 h per day on 2 successive days in chronic airflow limita- Homelessness, HIV, and decline of tuberculosis control programs tion, 390 as cause of resurgent tuberculosis in New York City, 745 Glucocorticoid Homosexual men, epidemiologic patterns of upper respiratory ill- pharmacokinetics, glucocorticoid receptor characteristic, and in- ness and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in, 756 hibition of peripheral blood T-cell proliferation by glucocor- Human immunodeficiency virus ticoids in vitro, 1016 effect of aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis on diagnosis of resistance in chronic asthma, 1016, 1026 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by induced sputum exami- Glycerol, iodinated, hyperthyroidism induced by (CasE REPORT), nation in patients with, 760 1403 homelessiess, decline of tuberculosis control programs, and resur- Gold miners, South African, chronic airflow limitation in (CoRRE- gent tuberculosis in New York City, 745 SPONDENCE), 1422 infection, risk of tuberculosis among women of childbearing age Gram with, in Zaire (CORRESPONDENCE), 1422 -negative bacteria, aerobic, colonizing critically ill patients, char- mode of presentation and diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia in acteristics of, 202 patients infected with, 917 stain compared with acridine orange stain of needle aspirate in seropositive patients, increased mortality and tuberculosis treat- experimental Pseudomonas pneumonia (BRIEF COMMUNI- ment failure rate among, compared with HIV seronegative CATION), 959 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with standard Guillain-Barré syndrome, repeated vital capacity measurements as chemotherapy in Kinshasa, Zaire, 750 predictive parameters for mechanical ventilation need and Hypercapnia weaning success in, 814 effect of, on total pulmonary resistance during wakefulness and Guinea pig(s) during NREM sleep, 406 actively sensitized, effects of long-standing challenge on pulmo- ventilatory responsiveness to, and sleep fragmentation, 1121 nary neuroendocrine cells of, 714 Hyperreactivity capsaicin inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness but not lipoxygenase airway, T-cell-mediated induction of, in mice, 931 activity or eosinophilia after repeated aerosolized antigen histamine, cholinergic mechanisms involved with, in immune rab- in, 368 bit airways challenged with ragweed antigen, 70 inhibition of neutral endopeptidase potentiates bronchial con- Hyperresponsiveness traction induced by immune response in, in vitro, 636 airway, capsaicin inhibits after repeated aerosolized antigen in isolated bronchi, tachykinin receptors and noncholinergic bron- guinea pigs, 368 choconstriction in, 363 bronchial tracheobronchial airways, long duration and high potency of an- and airway obstruction in left ventricular failure and mitral