American Penology: A History of Control PDF
Preview American Penology: A History of Control
NEW LINES IN CRIMINOLOGY An Aldine deG ruyter Series of Texts and Monographs SERIES EDITOR Thomas G. Blomberg, Florida State University Thomas G. Blomberg and Karol Lucken American Penology A History of Control Bruce A. Jacobs Robbing Drug Dealers Violence Beyond the Law American Penology A History of Control Thomas G. Blomberg Karol Lucken ALDINE DE GRUYTER NEW YORK About the Authors Thomas G. Blomberg Professor, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University. Karol Lucken Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida. 0 Copyright 2000 by Walter deG ruyter, Inc., New York All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,r ecording,o ra nyi nformations torageo rr etrieval system, without prior permissioni n writing from the publisher. ALDINE DE GRUYTER A division ofW alter de Gruyter, Inc. 200 Saw Mill River Road Hawthorne, New York 10532 G9 This publication is printedo n acid free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Blomberg, Thomas C. American penology :a history of control /Thomas G. Blomberg and Karol Lucken. p. cm. -(N ew lines in criminology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-202-30637-2 (cloth: a lk. paper) -IS BN 0-202-30638-0 (pbk:. alk. paper) 1.P risons-United States-History. 2.P unishment-United States-History. I. LuckenK, arol. II. Title. Ill. Series. HV9466 .B55 2000 365'.973-dc21 00-043031 Manufactured in the UnitedS tates of America I O 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Dedicated to the memo y of Mark R. Yeisley (2971-2000) This Page Intentionally Left Blank Contents Acknowledgments xi 1 Introduction Conceptual Framework Outline Of Book 2 Punishment in Ancient and Medieval Europe 11 Introduction 11 Ancient Society 12 Early Middle Ages (700-1 000) 14 Late Middle Ages (11 00-13 00s) 15 Mercantilist Era (1 400-1 700s) 17 Summary and Discussion 20 3 Punishment and Public Justice in ColoniaA l merica (16 00 -1 790) 23 Introduction 23 Life in the Colonies 24 Crime as Sin 25 Punishment for Punishment’s Sake 29 Less Than Punishment 32 Summary and Discussion 33 4 Punishment and Deterrence in the Period of Transition (17 90-1 830) 35 Introduction 35 Postrevolutionary America 36 vii ... Vlll Contents Crime as Free Will 38 Punishment and Deterrence 39 Summary and Discussion 45 5 Punishment anRd e form in Nineteenth-Century America (1 830-1 880s) 47 Introduction 47 Jacksonian America and Beyond 48 Crime as a Moral Disease 51 The Promise of the Penitentiary 53 The Penitentiary in Practice 56 Summary and Discussion 60 6 Progressive Americaa nd the Rise of Reformatories, Parole, and Probation (1 880s-l 930s) 63 Introduction 63 Progressive America 64 Positivist Criminology 68 The Promise of Progressive Penology 70 Progressive Penology in Practice 75 Summary and Discussion 80 7 Progressive Americaa nd the JuvenileC ourMt ovement (1 900-1 960s) 83 Introduction 83 Juvenile Court as Accelerated Progressive Ideology 84 The Promise of Individual Treatment 86 juvenile Court Implementation and Practice 89 Summary and Discussion 97 8 The Twentieth-Century Rehabilitative Ideaa nl d the Proliferation of Penal Services (1900-1 960s) 99 Introduction 99 The Rehabilitative Ideal 100 Search for the Causes of Crime 101 Penal Aspirations, Growth, and Practices 107 Summary and Discussion 115 Contents ix 9 DiscoverinPg risonS u bcultures (1 950s-9l 6 0s) 117 Introduction 117 A Sociological Perspective of Prison Life 118 The Prison Community 118 The Deprivation Model 120 The Importation Model 124 Female Inmate Subcultures 126 Total Power and Institutional Control 128 Summary and Discussion 130 10 PrisoneRr ights int h e Age of Discontent (1 960s-9l 70s) 133 Introduction 133 Radicalism and Social Reform 134 Prisoner Rights 138 Abolishing Capital Punishment 148 Summary and Discussion 150 11 DecentralizingC orrections int h e Age of Discontent (1 960s-1970s) 153 Introduction 153 LabTehJleiu nosg rtDy ife:y ci negn tralization 154 Development of tDh ee centralization Movement 156 Goals and Practices of Decentralization Reforms 158 Summary and Discussion 166 12 Conservatisma nd law andO rder Punishment (1 980s-1990s) 169 Introduction 16 9 A Reversal of Fortune 16 9 Neo-Conservative Criminology 17 2 Law and Order Punishment 17 4 Summary and Discussion 185 13 The Prison as Nursery,H ospital,a ndA sylum 189 Introduction 18 9 Mothers Behind Bars 190 Elder Inmates 196
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