American Legislative Leaders in the Northeast, 1911-1994 PDF
Preview American Legislative Leaders in the Northeast, 1911-1994
American Legislative Leaders in the Northeast, 1911–1994 James Roger Sharp Nancy Weatherly Sharp Editors GREENWOOD PRESS American Legislative Leaders in the Northeast, 1911–1994 American Legislative Leaders in the Northeast, 1911–1994 James Roger Sharp and Nancy Weatherly Sharp, Editors Kevin G. Atwater and Gina Petonito, Assistant Editors Charles F. Ritter and Jon L. Wakelyn, Advisory Editors GREENWOODPRESS Westport,Connecticut • London LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData AmericanlegislativeleadersintheNortheast,1911–1994 / JamesRoger SharpandNancyWeatherlySharp,editors : KevinG.AtwaterandGina Petonito,assistanteditors. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0–313–30215–4(alk.paper) 1. Legislators—NortheasternStatesBiographyDictionaries. 2. Legislators—UnitedStates—StatesBiographyDictionaries. 3. Legislativebodies—NortheasternStates—Leadership. 4. NortheasternStatesBiographyDictionaries. I. Sharp,James Roger,1936– . II. Sharp,NancyWeatherly. F106.A5115 2000 328.736'092'274—dc21 [B] 99–16144 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataisavailable. Copyright(cid:1)2000byJamesRogerSharp,NancyWeatherlySharp,CharlesF.Ritter, andJonL.Wakelyn Allrightsreserved.Noportionofthisbookmaybe reproduced,byanyprocessortechnique,withoutthe expresswrittenconsentofthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:99–16144 ISBN:0–313–30215–4 Firstpublishedin2000 GreenwoodPress,88PostRoadWest,Westport,CT06881 AnimprintofGreenwoodPublishingGroup,Inc. www.greenwood.com PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica TM Thepaperusedinthisbookcomplieswiththe PermanentPaperStandardissuedbytheNational InformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48–1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CONTENTS Tables vii Preface ix Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 Biographical Dictionary 44 Bibliography 233 APPENDIX 1 Political Party and Home County 241 APPENDIX 2 Years in Speakership and House 249 APPENDIX 3 Legislative Pathways 257 APPENDIX 4 Gender, Racial Background, Birth, and Death 265 APPENDIX 5 Education 273 APPENDIX 6 Religious, Military, and Marital Background 281 APPENDIX 7 Occupations 289 APPENDIX 8 Voluntary Organizations 297 APPENDIX 9 Public Offices before Speakership 305 APPENDIX 10 Public Offices after Speakership 313 Index 321 About the Editors and Contributors 331 TABLES 1 Party Affiliation of Speakers 3 2 Characteristics of Speakers by Year 13 3 Religious Affiliation of Speakers 16 4 Highest Level of Education of Speakers by Region 17 5 Primary Occupation of Speakers before Speakership 18 6 Highest U.S. Military Rank of Speakers 20 7 Marital Status of Speakers by Region 21 8 Number of Public Offices Held by Speakers before Speakership 22 9 Number of Years Speakers Served in House before Speakership 26 10 Number of Years Speakers Served as Speaker 29 11 Speakers’ Reasons for Leaving House 35 12 Speakers’ Offices after Speakership by Region 37 PREFACE This book is part of a four-volume project to provide a biographical dictionary of state house speakers in each region of the United States from 1911 to 1994. In process for more than a decade, the project turned outto be muchlargerand moredifficultthan wehadanticipatedwhenaskedtoundertakeitbytheeditors at Greenwood Press. It represented the talents and hard work ofa largenumber of researchers, librarians, and archivists throughout the country as well as as- sistants and student workers at Syracuse University. Most of the latter subse- quentlylefttheuniversityforvariousprofessionalfields,butsomeshowedtheir commitment to the project by continuing to be involved. The challenge that the project presented became obvious early on when we encountered difficulty in getting the names of all the speakers in all the states. For about half of the states, this was perfunctory. We wrote to whom we saw astheappropriateofficial,andalistwasforthcoming.Elsewhere,simplyputting together correctly spelled names and speakership dates constituted a major achievement. An even more difficult challenge was determining political party affiliations. In the end we identified a total of 1,472 speakers. Once we had the names, dates, and parties of the speakers, our goal was to recruitoutstandingscholarsofstatehistoryandpoliticstowritebiographiesand fill out questionnaires for each individual. There were many disappointments alongtheway,butintheendweenlistedadedicatedgroupofcontributorsfrom every state in the Union. The extent to which they went to track down infor- mation about the speakers often amazed us. For instance, onecontributorwrote of finding crucial information in an old graveyard. The introductions to these volumes were based on literature about state leg- islative politics as well as the information we collected. They were drafted by James Roger Sharp, professor of history at Syracuse University, and based on suggestionsandrevisionsofferedbycoeditorNancyWeatherlySharp,professor of newspaper journalism and assistant dean for graduate professional studiesat the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse. Other revi- sions were supplied by the volumes’ assistant editors, Gina Petonito andKevin
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