Table Of Content

American Journal of International Law VOLUME 85 1991 Published by American Society of International Law BOARD OF EDITORS Editor in Chief THOMAS M. FRANCK New York University School of Law GEORGE H. ALDRICH KEITH HIGHET The Hague, Netherlands The Fletcher School of Law and RICHARD B. BILDER Diplomacy, Tufts University University of Wisconsin Law School JOHN H. JACKSON THOMAS BUERGENTHAL University of Michigan Law School The National Law Center FREDERIC L. KIRGIS, JR. George Washington University Washington and Lee University DAvID D. CARON School of Law University of California, Berkeley RICHARD B. LILLICH School of Law University of Virginia Law School JONATHAN I. CHARNEY ANDREAS F. LOWENFELD Vanderbilt University School of Law New York University School of Law ANTHONY D’ AMATO THEODOR MERON Northwestern University New York University School of Law School of Law and Graduate Institute of LORI FISLER DAMROSCH International Studies, Geneva Columbia University School of Law BERNARD H. OXMAN RICHARD A. FALK University of Miami School of Law Princeton University W. MICHAEL REISMAN TomJ . FARER Yale Law School Washington College of Law and PETER D. TROOBOFF School of International Service Washington, D.C. The American University DETLEV F. VAGTS MICHAELJ .G LENNON Harvard Law School University of California, Davis EDITH BROWN WEISS School of Law Georgetown University Law Center EDWARD GORDON BURNS H. WESTON Albany Law School University of lowa Union University College of Law JOHN LAWRENCE HARGROVE, Ex Officio Washington, D.C. Honorary Editors JOHN N. HAZARD STEFAN A. RIESENFELD Columbia University School of Law University of California, Berkeley LouIs HENKIN School of Law Columbia University School of Law SEYMOURJ . RUBIN Washington College of Law MONROE LEIGH The American University Washington, D.C. OSCAR SCHACHTER OLIVER J. LISSITZYN Columbia University School of Law Columbia University School of Law Louis B. SOHN MykREs S. MCDOUGAL University of Georgia Law School Yale Law School ERIC STEIN CovEyY T. OLIVER University of Michigan Law School University of Pennsylvania Law ROBERT VON MEHREN School New York, N.Y. RICHARD YOUNG Van Hornesville, N.Y. Associate Editor ANNA ASCHER Editorial Assistant SUSAN F. BASSUENER Assistant Editor Emerita ELEANOR H. FINCH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW VOLUME 85 CONTENTS 1991 [No. 1, January 1991, pp. 1-257; No. 2, i is 1991, pp. 259-437; No. 3, July 1991, pp. 439-594; No. 4, October 1991, = 595-788. ] Prospects for United States Ratification of Additional Protocol I to the 1949 Geneva Conventions George H. Aldrich Whales: Their Emerging Right to Life Anthony D’Amato & Sudhir K. Chopra Liability to Third Parties of Member States of International Organizations: Practice, Principle and Judicial Precedent C. F. Amerasinghe The Vienna Convention Reservations Regime and the Convention on Discrimination against Women Belinda Clark “Binding” Advisory Opinions of the International Court of Justice Roberto Ago United Nations Law in the Gulf Conflict Oscar Schachter A Law of the Future or a Law of the Past? Modern Tribunals and the International Law of Expropriation Patrick M. Norton The International Law Commission Tomorrow: Improving Its Organization and Methods of Work B. Graefrath Feminist Approaches to International Law Hilary Charlesworth, Christine Chinkin & Shelley Wright Agora The Gulf Crisis in International and Foreign Relations Law UN Police Action in Lieu of War: ‘““The Old Order Changeth” Thomas M. Franck & Faiza Patel The Constitution and Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter Michael J. Glennon Iraq and the Force of Law: Why Give a Shield of Immunity? David D. Caron Constitutional Control of Military Actions: A Comparative Dimension Lori Fisler Damrosch Prisoners of War, Civilians and Diplomats in the Gulf Crisis Theodor Meron The Gulf Crisis in International and Foreign Relations Law, Continued Until What? Enforcement Action or Collective Self-Defense? Eugene V. Rostow Security Council Resolution 678 and Persian Gulf Decision Making: Precarious Legitimacy Burns H. Weston iv CONTENTS [Vol. 85 Editorial Comments Common Rights of Mankind in Gentili, Grotius and Suarez Theodor Meron 110 Human Rights in Law’s Empire: The Jurisprudence War Tom J. Farer 117 ‘Exclusive Preserves” and the New Soviet Policy toward the UN Secretariat Theodor Meron 322 The Peace Palace Heats Up: The World Court in Business Again? Keith Highet 646 Still More on Kidnaping Andreas F. Lowenfeld 655 Notes and Comments The Soering Case Richard B. Lillich 128 In Memoriam Leo Gross (1903-1990) Detlev F. Vagts 149 Paul Reuter (1911-1990) Stephen C. McCaffrey 150 Leland Goodrich (1899-1990) Oscar Schachter 330 The Francis Deak Prize 538 Correspondence 152, 331, 536, 662 Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law Marian Nash Leich 155, 334, 539, 668 International Decisions Keith Highet & George Kahale III 176, 342, 552, 680 Current Developments A Special Session of the UN General Assembly Rethinks the Economic Rights and Duties of States Russel Lawrence Barsh 192 Vacancies on ICJ Filled by Election TMF 6 The Role of the Legal Adviser of the Department of State Joint Committee of the ASIL & American Branch of the ILA 358 Legal Advisers Meet at UN Headquarters in New York Hans Corell 371 Poland Accepts the Optional Clause of the ICJ Statute Renata Szafarz 374 A Declaration of Minimum Humanitarian Standards Theodor Meron & Allan Rosas 375 France Concedes United States Has Title to CSS Alabama J. Ashley Roach 381 Dispatch: A New Weekly Record of the U.S. State Department Colleen A. Lutz 383 International Court of Justice Elects Officers MF. Ta The Forty-third Session of the International Law Commission Stephen C. McCaffrey 703 The United Nations Creates a Working Group on Arbitrary Detention Reed Brody 709 Queensland Guidelines for Bodies Monitoring Respect for Human Rights during States of Emergency Richard B. Lillich 716 Book Reviews and Notes Edited by Detlev Vagts 201, 385, 568, 721 Books Received 254, 431, 589, 759 International Legal Materials. Contents, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 5-6 (1990); Vol. XXX, Nos. 1-4 (1991) 256, 435, 591, 762 Table of Cases 764 Index 767