American Civil War: Biographies Edition 1. 2 Volume Set (American Civil War Reference Library)

535 Pages·2000·7.51 MB·English

by  Kevin Hillstrom

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American
Civil War
Biographies

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Volume 1: A–K
American
Civil War
Biographies
Kevin Hillstrom
and
Laurie Collier
Hillstrom
Lawrence W. Baker, Editor
Civil War Bios FM 10/7/03 4:16 PM Page iv
s Kevin Hillstrom and Laurie Collier Hillstrom
e
hi Staff
p Lawrence W. Baker, U•X•L Senior Editor
Carol DeKane Nagel, U•X•L Managing Editor
a
Tom Romig, U•X•L Publisher
r
g
Rita Wimberley, Senior Buyer
o Evi Seoud, Assistant Production Manager
i Dorothy Maki, Manufacturing Manager
B
Mary Beth Trimper, Production Director

: Michelle DiMercurio, Art Director
r
a Cynthia Baldwin, Product Design Manager
W
Shalice Shah-Caldwell, Permissions Specialist
Pamela Reed, Imaging Coordinator

l Leitha Etheridge-Sims, Cataloger
i
v Robert Duncan, Senior Imaging Specialist
i Michael Logusz, Imaging Specialist
C
Randy A. Bassett, Image Database Supervisor
Barbara J. Yarrow, Imaging and Multimedia Content Manager
n
a Marco Di Vita, Graphix Group, Typesetting
c
i
r Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
e
Hillstrom, Kevin, 1963–
m
American Civil War. Biographies / Kevin Hillstrom and Laurie Collier
Hillstrom ; Lawrence W. Baker, editor.
A
p. cm.
ISBN 0-7876-3820-X — ISBN 0-7876-3821-8 (v. 1) — ISBN 0-7876-3822-6 (v. 2)
1. United States—History—Civil War, 1861–1865—Biography. 2. United
States—History—Civil War, 1861–1865—Biography—Miscellanea. I. Hillstrom,
Laurie Collier, 1965– II. Baker, Lawrence W. III. Title.
E467.H656 1999
973.7’092’2—dc21
[B]
99-046920
This publication is a creative work copyrighted by U•X•L and fully protected by all
applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair compe-
tition, and other applicable laws. The author and editors of this work have added
value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following:
unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classifica-
tion of the information. All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended.
Cover photographs of John Wilkes Booth and Jefferson Davis are reproduced cour-
tesy of the National Archives and Records Administration; Sojourner Truth, cour-
tesy of the Library of Congress; and Martin R. Delany, reproduced by permission
of Archive Photos, Inc.
Copyright © 2000
U•X•L, an imprint of The Gale Group
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Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535
All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any
form.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Contents
Advisory Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Reader’s Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
American Civil War Timeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Volume 1
Clara Barton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Pierre G. T. Beauregard . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Ambrose Bierce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
John Wilkes Booth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Belle Boyd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Mathew Brady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Braxton Bragg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
John Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Ambrose Burnside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Joshua L. Chamberlain . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Mary Boykin Chesnut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Pauline Cushman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Jefferson Davis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Martin R. Delany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
v
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Frederick Douglass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Emma Edmonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
David G. Farragut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Nathan Bedford Forrest . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
John C. Frémont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Josiah Gorgas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Ulysses S. Grant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Horace Greeley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Rose O’Neal Greenhow . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Winfield Scott Hancock . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Winslow Homer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
John Bell Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Julia Ward Howe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson. . . . . . . . . . 219
Andrew Johnson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Joseph E. Johnston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Where to Learn More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxiii
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxix
Volume 2
Robert E. Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Abraham Lincoln . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Mary Todd Lincoln . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
James Longstreet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Thaddeus Lowe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
George B. McClellan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
George G. Meade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
John Singleton Mosby. . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Thomas Nast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Edward A. Pollard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Dred Scott . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Winfield Scott . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
William Henry Seward. . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Robert Gould Shaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Philip H. Sheridan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
William T. Sherman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Robert Smalls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Alexander H. Stephens . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Thaddeus Stevens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Harriet Beecher Stowe. . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
vi American Civil War: Biographies
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Jeb Stuart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Charles Sumner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
George Henry Thomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
Sally L. Tompkins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
Sojourner Truth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
Harriet Tubman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Clement L. Vallandigham . . . . . . . . . . . 481
Elizabeth Van Lew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Theodore Dwight Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Henry Wirz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
Where to Learn More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxiii
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxix
Contents vii
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Advisory Board
Special thanks are due to U•X•L’s Civil War Reference Li-
brary advisors for their invaluable comments and sugges-
tions:
• Deborah Hammer, Former Librarian, Queens Borough
Public Library, Jamaica, New York
• Ann Marie LaPrise, Librarian, Detroit Public Library, Elm-
wood Park Branch, Detroit, Michigan
• Susan Richards, Media Specialist, Northwest Junior High
School, Coralville, Iowa
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Reader’s Guide
American Civil War: Biographies presents biographies of
sixty men and women who participated in or were affect-
ed by the Civil War. These two volumes profile a diverse mix
of personalities from both the North and the South, includ-
ing military leaders, politicians, abolitionists, artists, spies,
and escaped slaves. Detailed biographies of major Civil War
figures (such as Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S.
Grant, Frederick Douglass, Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson)
are included. But American Civil War: Biographiesalso provides
biographical information on lesser-known but nonetheless
important and fascinating men and women of that era. Ex-
amples include Thaddeus Lowe, the daring commander of the
Union’s manned balloon corps; Mathew Brady, the famed
Civil War photographer; and Rose O’Neal Greenhow, a Con-
federate spy who drowned during an attempt to smuggle gold
into the South in the hoops of her dress.
American Civil War: Biographies also features sidebars
containing interesting facts, excerpts from diaries and speech-
es, and short biographies of people who are in some way con-
nected with the leading figures of the era. Within each full-
ix