Amal Abd Alla Tyfor

60 Pages·2009·0.32 MB·English

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY ZINC ACETATE
SUPPLEMENTATION ON BROILER CHICKS
PERFORMANCE

BY

Amal Abd Alla Tyfor

B.Sc. (Honours) – 2001
Faculty of Animal Production,
University of Khartoum,

A dissertation submitted to the University of Khartoum in partial
fulfillment for the requirements of the Degree of Master of Science in
Poultry Production.

Supervisor: Dr
Saadia Abdel Moniem Abbas
Department of Poultry Production
Faculty of Animal Production
University of Khartoum
May- 2008
Dedication

To my dear husband

To my family-father-brothers-sisters

To my twin sons

To my friends and colleagues

With love and respect
ACKNOWLEDGE MENTS
I would like to express my praise and unlimited thanks to
Allah for giving me strength and ability to complete this study.
I wish to express my great thanks and gratitude to my
supervisor Dr. Saadia Abdel Moniem for her keen supervision,
support, advice and cooperation during the course of this
study, and I pray to Allah to give her complete recovery and
good health.
I would like also to express my deepest thanks and gratitude
to Prof. Omer El-Amin Mohamed Hassan for all his help and
encouragement.
Sincere thanks are extended to the staff of the Poultry
Production, department, for their continuous help and
support.
I am greatly indebted to Dr. Taj Alsir Abbas, Manager of
the Technical Laboratory Management (University of
Khartoum) for providing the Zinc acetate samples.
My special thanks are extended to the National Centre for
Desertification Research, for helping in the chemical analysis
of the feed samples.
Sincere thanks are due to my husband, sons, and sisters
especially to my little sister Omima and to my friends, for their
help and assistance.
Finally I extend my thanks to everyone who contributed in
the preparation of this study.
LIST OF CONTENTS

P
Dedication
Acknowledgements
List of contents
List of tables
List of appendixes
Abstract
Arabic abstract
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Zinc distribution in the chicken.
2.2 Bioavailability of zinc in the chicken.
2.3 Zinc functions in the chicken.
2.4 Zinc metabolism in the chicken.
2.4.1 Zinc excretion in the chicken.
2.4.2 Zinc homeostasis in the chicken.
2.4.3 Zinc retention in the chicken.
2.4.4 Signs of zinc deficiency in the chicken.
2.5 Zinc toxicity in the chicken.
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Experimental birds.
3.2 Housing and management.
3.3 Experimental diets.
3.4 Growth study and mortality.
3.5 Carcass evaluation.
3.6 Chemical analysis.
3.7 Statistical analysis.
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
APPENDIXES
LIST OF TABLES

Table (No) Title Page
1 Ingredient composition of the 15
experimental diets.
2 The calculated and determined chemical 16
composition of the experimental diets.
3 The effect of zinc supplementation on the 19
performance of the experimental birds.
4 The effect of dietary zinc on weekly 21
mean feed consumption of the
experimental birds.
5 The effect of dietary zinc on weekly 23
mean final liveweight of the experimental
birds.
6 The effect of dietary zinc on weekly 25
mean weight gain of experimental birds.
7 The effect of dietary zinc on weekly 27
mean feed conversion ratio of the
experimental birds.

LIST OF APPENDIXES
Appendix Title Page
.(No)
1 - a Total feed consumption, final live weight and 39
body weight gain of the experimental birds.
1 - b Feed conversion ratio of the experimental birds 40
2 Weekly mean feed consumption of the 41
experimental birds.
3 Weekly mean body liveweight of the experimental 42
birds.
4 Weekly mean body weight gain of the 43
experimental birds.
5 Weekly mean feed conversion ratio of the 44
experimental birds.
6 Dressing out percentage of the experimental birds. 45
7 Tibia ash content of the experimental birds. 46
8 Tibia copper content of the experimental birds. 47
9 Tibia calcium content of the experimental birds. 48
10 Tibia zinc content of the experimental birds. 49
11 Tibia phosphorus content of the experimental 50
birds.
Abstract

A seven weeks feeding trial was conducted to assess the
effect of dietary zinc acetate supplementation on performance of
the broiler chicken and retention of P, Ca, Cu and Zn in the
tibia bone.
A number of hundred day-old commercial broiler chicks
(Hubbard) were randomly allocated to twenty experimental
pens, of one square meter area each, and located in an open deep
litter experimental house. Four experimental diets were
formulated from the common local feed ingredients used in
poultry feeding in the Sudan, and used in the trial. One diet
served as a control diet, without addition of zinc acetate, a
second diet was supplemented with 25mg/Kg zinc acetate, a
third diet with 50mg/Kg zinc acetate, and a fourth diet was
supplemented with 75mg/Kg zinc acetate. The experimental
diets were randomized to the experimental pens at the rate of
five replicates per treatment, in a completely randomized design
arrangement. The birds fed the zinc acetate supplemented diets
had a significantly increased feed consumption (P <0.05). This
effect improved body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and
dressing percentage of the experimental birds. There are no
significant effects of the dietary treatments on tibia ash and
mineral content. ( P, Zn, Ca and Cu.)
ﻪﺣوﺮﻃﻻا ﺺﺨﻠﻣ

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