Alzheimer's disease : cause(s), diagnosis, treatment, and care

325 Pages·1996·5.01 MB·English

by  Zaven S Khachaturian

Alzheimer’s Disease:
Cause(s), Diagnosis,
Treatment, and Care
Edited by
Zavin S. Zhachaturian, Ph.D.
Khachaturian Radebaugh Associates, Inc.
International Consultants
Potomac, Maryland
Teresa S. Radebaugh, Ph.D.
Khachaturian Radebaugh Associates, Inc.
International Consultants
Potomac, Maryland
CRC Press
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© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Alzheimer’s disease: cause(s), diagnosis, treatment, and care / edited by Zavin S. Khachaturian, Teresa S. Radebaugh
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8493-8997-6
1. Alzheimer’s disease. I. Khachaturian, Zavin S. II.Rasdebaugh, Teresa S.
[DNLM: 1. Alzheimer’s Disease. WT 155 A4785 1996]
RC523.A3792 1996
616.8′31—dc20
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 96-16043
CIP
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THE EDITORS
Zaven Khachaturian, Ph.D., is widely regarded as the architect of the many successful and
international scientific programs in neurobiology and Alzheimer's Disease which were launched
from the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes on Health, where he served as the Associate
of Khachaturian, Radebaugh & Associates, Inc., an international consulting group focused on the
conceptualization, development, and management of large scale research programs in Alzheimer's
disease. He is also the Director, The Ronald and Nancy Reagan Institute, of the Alzheimer's Association.
In 1984, Dr. Khachaturian formulated a unifying theory of brain aging which is now referred
to as the "Calcium Hypothesis of Brain Aging". Since its initial formulation, this hypothesis has
received substantial scientific support and has been important in stimulation the field of aging
research to shift from descriptive studies to those exploring biological mechanisms of brain aging.
His research interests have focused on the neurophysiology and neuropharmacology of learning
and memory.
Teresa Sluss Radebaugh, Sc.D., is a psychiatric epidemiologist with a long history of research
and research support work in the dementias, Alzheimer's disease, and gerontology. Her particular
research interests include epidemiological methods, cross-cultural epidemiological research, and
the social and behavioral issues in Alzheimer's disease. Dr. Radebaugh, formerly the Director of
Extramural Programs, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, also
served as the Chief, Dementias of Aging Branch, National Institute on Aging. Dr. Radebaugh is
also a cofounder of Khachaturian, Radebaugh & Associates, Inc.
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
CONTRIBUTORS
John P. Blass, M.D., Ph.D. Sid Gilman, M.D.
Cornell University Medical College Department of Neurology
White Plains, New York University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Kathleen C. Buckwalter, Ph.D., R.N.
University of Iowa Barry J. Gurland, M.D., F.R.C. Physicians,
College of Nursing F.R.C. Psychiatry (London)
Iowa City, Iowa Straud Center
Columbia University
Thomas F. Budinger, M.D., Ph.D. New York State Psychiatric Institute
Lawrence Berkley Laboratory New York, New York
University of California
Berkeley, California Lisa P. Gwyther, M.S.W.
Bryan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center
Jiska Cohen-Mansfield, Ph.D. Duke University Medical Center
Department of Psychiatry Durham, North Carolina
Georgetown University Medical Center
Washington, D.C. and Albert Heyman, M.D.
Research Institute Duke University Medical Center
Hebrew Home of Greater Washington Durham, North Carolina
Rockville, Maryland
Robert Katzman, M.D.
Barbara J. Crain, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Neurosciences
The Johns Hopkins University University of California
Baltimore, Maryland La Jolla, California
Kenneth L. Davis, M.D. Zaven S. Khachaturian, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry Khachaturian Radebaugh Associates, Inc.
Mount Sinai School of Medicine Potomac, Maryland
New York, New York
William R. Markesbery, M.D.
Denis A. Evans, M.D. Departments of Pathology and Neurology
Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Sanders Brown Center on Aging
Rush University University of Kentucky
Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center Lexington, Kentucky
Chicago, Illinois
George M. Martin, M.D.
Steven H. Ferris, Ph.D. Departments of Pathology and Genetics
Aging and Dementia Research Center University of Washington
New York University Medical Center Seattle, Washington
New York, New York
Richard Mayeux, M.D., M.S.E.
Douglas Galasko, M.D. Gertrude H. Sergievsty Center
Department of Neurology Columbia University
Veteran Affairs Medical Center College of Physicians and Surgeons
San Diego, California New York, New York
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
Suzanne Mirra, M.D. Allen D. Roses, M.D.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Departments of Medicine (Neurology)
Medicine and Neurobiology
Veterans Affairs Medical Center Duke University School of Medicine
Emory University Durham, North Carolina
Atlanta, Georgia
Lina Shihabuddin, M.D.
Edith G. McGeer, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
University of British Columbia
New York, New York
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Patrick L. McGeer, M.D. Sangram S. Sisodia, Ph.D.
Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research The Johns Hopkins University
University of British Columbia Baltimore, Maryland
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Linda Teri, Ph.D.
Mary S. Mittelman, Dr. P.H.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral
Aging and Dementia Research Center
Sciences
New York University Medical Center
University of Washington Medical School
New York, New York
Seattle, Washington
Richard C. Mohs, Ph.D.
Psychiatry Service Robert D. Terry, M.D.
Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Neurosciences
Bronx, New York University of California
La Jolla, California
Rhonda J. V. Montegomery, Ph.D.
Department of Sociology
Leon J. Thal, M.D.
University of Kansas Department of Neurosciences at the
Kansas City, Kansas
University of California/San Diego and
Neurology Service
John C. Morris, M.D.
Veteran Affairs Medical Center
Department of Neurology
San Diego, California
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
Juan C. Troncoso, M.D.
Donald L. Price, M.D. The Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland
Baltimore, Maryland
Anne B. Young, M.D., Ph.D.
Teresa S. Radebaugh, Sc.D. Neurology Service
Khachaturian Radebaugh Associates, Inc. Massachusetts General Hospital
Potomac, Maryland Boston, Massachusetts
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1
Synthesis of Critical Topics in Alzheimer’s Disease
Zaven S. Khachaturian
Teresa S. Radebaugh
Overview and Historical Perspectives
Chapter 2
Current Research on Alzheimer’s disease in a Historical Perspective
Robert Katzman
Chapter 3
A History of the Morphology of Alzheimer’s Disease
Robert D. Terry
Epidemiology
Chapter 4
Putative Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease
Richard Mayeux
Chapter 5
Descriptive Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease
Denis A. Evans
Chapter 6
Methods of Screening for Survey Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias
Based on Experience in the North Manhattan Aging Project
Barry J. Gurland
Diagnosis
Chapter 7
Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
John C. Morris
Chapter 8
Clinical Assessment of Patients with Dementia
Sid Gilman
Chapter 9
The Use of Tests and Instruments in the Evaluation of Patients with Dementia
Richard C. Mohs
Chapter 10
Heterogeneity of
Alzheimer’s Disease
Albert Heyman
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
Biological Markers
Chapter 11
The Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease: Diagnostic Features and Standardization
Suzanne S. Mirra
William R. Markesbery
Chapter 12
Pathology, Neurobiology, and Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease
Juan C. Troncoso
Barbara J. Crain
Sangram S. Sisodia
Donald L. Price
Chapter 13
Neuroimaging Applications for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease
Thomas F. Budinger
Cause(s)
Chapter 14
Intrinsic Biological Aging as Underlying Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Dementias of the
Alzheimer’s Type
George M. Martin
Chapter 15
Cerebral Metabolic Impairments
John P. Blass
Chapter 16
The Metabolism of Apolipoprotein E and the Alzheimer’s Diseases
Allen D. Roses
Chapter 17
Neuroimmune Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Patrick L. McGeer
Edith G. McGeer
Chapter 18
Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
Anne B. Young
Chapter 19
Trace Elements in Alzheimer’s Disease
William R. Markesbery
Treatment
Chapter 20
Clinical Drug Trials in Alzheimer’s Disease: Methodological Considerations
Leon J. Thal
Chapter 21
Pharmacological Approaches to Behavioral Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease
Douglas Galasko
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
Chapter 22
Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Lina Shihabuddin
Kenneth L. Davis
Chapter 23
Psychosocial Interventions
Mary S. Mittelman
Steven H. Ferris
Care and Management
Chapter 24
Inappropriate Behavior
Jiska Cohen-Mansfield
Chapter 25
Managing Problems in Dementia Patients: Depression and Agitation
Linda Teri
Chapter 26
Overview of Psychosocial Factors Contributing to Stress of
Family Caregivers
Kathleen C. Buckwalter
Chapter 27
The Influence of Social Context on
the Caregiving Experience
Rhonda J. V. Montgomery
Chapter 28
Care for Families Facing Alzheimer’s Disease: Primary Care Practice Implications from
Research
Lisa P. Gwyther
Resources
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC
DEDICATION
To President and Mrs. Ronald Reagan
For their efforts on behalf of Alzheimer’s
disease patients and families
© 1996 by CRC Press, LLC