Alzheimer Disease Sourcebook, 5th Edition

657 Pages·2011·1.61 MB·English

by  Amy L. Sutton

Health Reference Series
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Fifth Edition
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Basic Consumer Health Information about
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temporal Dementia, Huntington Disease, Parkinson
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on the Diagnosis and Prevention of Alzheimer
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Related Terms, and Directories of Resources
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Amy L. Sutton

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Bibliographic Note
Because this page cannot legibly accommodate all the copyright notices, the Bibliographic
Note portion of the Preface constitutes an extension of the copyright notice.
Edited by Amy L. Sutton
Health Reference Series
Karen Bellenir, Managing Editor
David A. Cooke, MD, FACP, Medical Consultant
Elizabeth Collins, Research and Permissions Coordinator
Cherry Edwards, Permissions Assistant
EdIndex, Services for Publishers, Indexers
* * *
Omnigraphics, Inc.
Matthew P. Barbour, Senior Vice President
Kevin M. Hayes, Operations Manager
* * *
Peter E. Ruffner, Publisher
Copyright © 2011 Omnigraphics, Inc.
ISBN 978-0-7808-1150-8
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Alzheimer disease sourcebook : basic consumer health information about.../
edited by Amy L. Sutton. -- 5th ed.
p. cm. -- (Health reference series)
Includes bibliographical references.
Summary: "Provides basic consumer health information about symptoms,
diagnosis, and treatment of Alzheimer disease and other dementias, along
with tips for coping with memory loss and related complications and advice
for caregivers. Includes index, glossary of related terms and directory of
resources"--Provided by publisher.
ISBN 978-0-7808-1150-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Alzheimer's
disease--Popular works. 2. Dementia--Popular works. I. Sutton, Amy L. II.
Title. III. Series.
RC523.2.A45 2011
616.8'31--dc23
2011024979
Electronic or mechanical reproduction, including photography, recording, or any other infor-
mation storage and retrieval system for the purpose of resale is strictly prohibited without
permission in writing from the publisher.
The information in this publication was compiled from the sources cited and from other
sources considered reliable. While every possible effort has been made to ensure reliability,
the publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data,
and makes no warranty, express or implied, on the accuracy of the information contained
herein.
This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the ANSI Z39.48 Standard. The infinity
symbol that appears above indicates that the paper in this book meets that standard.
Printed in the United States
Table of Contents
Visit www.healthreferenceseries.com to view A Contents Guide to the
Health Reference Series, a listing of more than 15,000 topics and the
volumes in which they are covered.
Preface ..........................................................................................xiii
Part I: Facts about the Brain and Cognitive Decline
Chapter 1—The Basics of a Healthy Brain ...................................3
Chapter 2—The Changing Brain in Healthy Aging ....................11
Chapter 3—Understanding Memory Loss ...................................15
Chapter 4—What Is Dementia? ...................................................21
Chapter 5—Dementia: Causes and Risk Factors ........................35
Chapter 6—Statistics on Dementia Prevalence
and Mortality ............................................................51
Part II: Alzheimer Disease (AD): The Most Common Type
of Dementia
Chapter 7—Facts about AD ..........................................................65
Chapter 8—What Happens to the Brain in AD? .........................73
Chapter 9—Signs and Symptoms of AD ......................................81
Section 9.1—Seven Warning Signs of AD ............82
Section 9.2—Symptoms of AD ..............................83
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Chapter 10—Clinical Stages of AD ..............................................87
Chapter 11—Younger-Onset AD ..................................................95
Chapter 12—The Genetics of AD ...............................................103
Section 12.1—Genes Play an Important
Role in the Development
of AD .........................................104
Section 12.2—Gene Linked to AD Plays
Key Role in Cell Survival .........108
Section 12.3—Variations of Apolipoprotein
E Linked to Increased Risk
of AD .........................................110
Chapter 13—Health Conditions Linked to AD ..........................113
Section 13.1—Down Syndrome and AD ..........114
Section 13.2—Obesity May Raise Risk of
AD and Dementia .....................116
Section 13.3—Type 2 Diabetes and
AD Risk .....................................118
Chapter 14—Traumatic Brain Injury, AD, and
Dementia ...............................................................121
Chapter 15—Other Factors That Influence AD Risk ................125
Section 15.1—Alcohol Abuse Linked to
AD and Dementia .....................126
Section 15.2—Secondhand Smoke ..................143
Section 15.3—Heart Health ............................145
Part III: Other Dementia Disorders
Chapter 16—Mild Cognitive Impairment ..................................151
Chapter 17—Degenerative Neurological Disease .....................159
Section 17.1—Corticobasal Degeneration .......160
Section 17.2—Dementia with Lewy Bodies ....161
Section 17.3—Frontotemporal Dementia .......167
Section 17.4—Huntington Disease .................172
Section 17.5—Parkinson Disease ....................176
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Chapter 18—Vascular Dementia ...............................................199
Section 18.1—What Is Vascular Dementia? ...200
Section 18.2—Binswanger Disease
(Subcortical Vascular
Dementia) .................................202
Section 18.3—Cerebral Autosomal
Dominant Arteriopathy
with Subcortical Infarcts
and Leukoencephalopathy
(CADASIL) ................................204
Section 18.4—Multi-Infarct Dementia............205
Chapter 19—Dementia Caused by Infection .............................207
Section 19.1—Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease .......208
Section 19.2—Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) Dementia
Complex ....................................213
Chapter 20—Other Health Conditions That Cause
Dementia ...............................................................219
Section 20.1—Cancer, Delirium, and
Dementia ..................................220
Section 20.2—Dementia: A Symptom
of Normal Pressure
Hydrocephalus ..........................225
Part IV: Recognizing, Diagnosing, and Treating
Symptoms of AD and Dementias
Chapter 21—Forgetfulness: Knowing When to Ask for Help ...231
Chapter 22—Talking with Your Doctor .....................................237
Chapter 23—Diagnosing AD ......................................................249
Section 23.1—How Is AD Diagnosed? .............250
Section 23.2—AD Guidelines Updated
for First Time in Decades.........254
Chapter 24—Testing for AD .......................................................259
Section 24.1—Mental Status Tests .................260
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Section 24.2—Positron Emission
Tomography (PET) and
Single Photon Emission
Computed Tomography
(SPECT) ....................................263
Section 24.3—Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI) ..........................265
Section 24.4—ApoE Genotyping .....................268
Section 24.5—Biomarker Testing for AD:
Checking for Tau Protein
and Amyloid Beta 42 in
Cerebrospinal Fluid .................271
Chapter 25—Overview of AD Interventions ..............................275
Chapter 26—AD Medications .....................................................279
Chapter 27—Medications for Cognitive Changes .....................283
Chapter 28—Participating in AD Clinical Trials
and Studies ...........................................................287
Chapter 29—Can AD Be Prevented? .........................................295
Chapter 30—Recent AD Research .............................................307
Section 30.1—Amyloid Deposits May
Predict Risk for AD ..................308
Section 30.2—Ovary Removal May Increase
Risk of Dementia ......................310
Section 30.3—Changes Occur in High-Risk
Seniors before AD Symptoms
Appear .......................................311
Section 30.4—Family with AD May Carry
Clues to Treatment ..................315
Section 30.5—Insulin May Improve Memory
in People with AD .....................318
Part V: Living with AD and Dementias
Chapter 31—Talking about Your Diagnosis ..............................323
Section 31.1—Telling Others about
an AD Diagnosis .......................324
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