Aluminum and renal failure PDF
Preview Aluminum and renal failure
ALUMINUM AND RENAL FAILURE DEVELOPMENTS IN NEPHROLOGY Volume 26 The titles published in this series are listed at the end a/this volume. Aluminum and renal failure edited by MARC E. DE BROE University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium JACK W. COBURN University of California, Los Angeles, USA Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht / Boston / London Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Aluminum and renal failure I edited by Marc E. de Broe and Jack W. Coburn. p. cm. -- (Developments in nephrology 26) ISBN 0-7923-0347-4 (U.S.) 1. Hemodialysis--Comp11cations and sequelae. 2. Aluminum -Toxicology. 3. Chronic renal fai lure--Treatment--Complications and sequalea. 1. De Broe. M. E. (Marc E.) II. Coburn, J. W., 1932- III. Series. RC901.7.H45A38 1989 617.4·61059--dc20 89-19883 ISBN-13:978-94-0 10 -7333-2 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-1868-9 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-1868-9 Printed on acid free paper Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17,3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates the publishing programmes of D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press. Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands All Rights Reserved © 1990 by Kluwer Academic Publishers Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1990 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner Contents List of authors vii GENERAL Historical survey of aluminum-related diseases M.E. de Broe & P.C. D'Haese 1 Chemistry of aluminum R.B. Martin 7 The metabolism of aluminum F.L. van de Vyver, P.C. D'Haese & M.E. de Broe 27 Intestinal absorption of aluminum F.A. de Wolff & G.B. van der Voet 41 Aluminum determination in biological samples C.D. Hewitt, M.R. Wills & J. Savory 57 Quality control of aluminum measurements A. Taylor 75 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Pathophysiologic mechanisms of aluminum toxicity: Aluminum induced bone disease W. G. Goodman 87 Aluminum encephalopathy: Experimental vs human O. Bugiani & B. Ghetti 109 Alzheimer's disease: Aluminum and fibrinous proteins D. R. Crapper McLachlan 127 Aluminum interaction with macromolecules and membranes M. Cochran, J.H. Coates & D.C. Elliott 139 Cellular and subcellular localization of aluminum: Histochemistry A.J. Freemont 155 Cellular and subcellular localization of aluminum B.F. Boyce 167 Experimental models of aluminum toxicity N. C. Blumenthal & J. C. Grew 179 Vl CLINICAL Sources of aluminum S.M. Ott 189 Unusual sources of aluminum G. L. Klein 203 Experimental aluminum induced bone disease M. Rodriguez, A.l. Felsenfeld & F. Llach 213 Aluminum induced bone disease: Clinical features D.l. Sherrard 231 Aluminum induced bone disease: Histology W.l. Visser 241 Dialysis encephalopathy A.c. Alfrey & D.C. Froment 249 Other clinical syndromes associated with aluminum. Microcytic anemia, joint pain, severe infections, liver dysfunction T.B. Driieke 259 Aluminum toxicity in childhood A.B. Sedman & G.L. Klein 267 Occupational exposure to aluminum and its compounds and their health effects C-G. Elinder & B. Sjogren 275 DIAGNOSIS The Diagnosis of aluminum toxicity 1. Cannata Andia & 1. B. Diaz L6pez 287 TREATMENT Deferoxamine therapy of aluminum toxicity in dialysis patients S.A. Charhon 309 Alternative phosphate binders for aluminum hydroxide A. Fournier, P. Moriniere, B. Boudailliez, H. Renaud, C. Hocine, S. Belbrik & P.F. Westeel 325 Risk factors for aluminum toxicity and its prevention 1.W. Coburn & W.G. Goodman 345 Index of subjects 000 List of authors Allen C. ALFREY, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1055 Cler mont Street, l11C, Denver, CO 80220, U.S.A. Said BELBRIK, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, 80030 Amiens, France Norman C. BLUMENTHAL, Department of Bioengineering, Hospital for Joint Diseases Orthopaedic Institute, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY 10003, U.S.A. Bernard BOUDAILLIEZ, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, F-80030 Amiens, France Brendan F. BOYCE, University of Glasgow, Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 OSF, Scotland, U.K. Orso BUGIANI, Neurology Institute Carlo Besta, 11 Via Celoria, 1-20133 Milano, Italy Jorge B. CANNATA ANDIA, Unidad de Investigaci6n, Hospital General de Asturias, Apartado 243, Oviedo, Spain Sam A. CHARHON, INSERM U. 234, Faculte A. Carrel, Rue Guillaume Paradin, F-69008 Lyon, France John H. COATES, Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Uni versity of Adelaide, Adelaide 5001, Australia Jack W. COBURN, Nephrology Section (WI11L) , VA Medical Center West Los Angeles, Wilshire and Sawtelle Blvds, Los Angeles, CA 90073, U.S.A. Malcolm COCHRAN, Deparment of Medicine, Flinders Medical Center, Bedford Park 5042, Australia Marc E. DE BROE, University of Antwerp, Department of Nephrology Hypertension, University Hospital Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, B-2520 Edegem, Belgium Frederik A. DE WOLFF, Toxicology Laboratory, University Hospital Leiden, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands Patrick C. D'HAESE, University of Antwerp, Department of Nephrology Hypertension, University Hospital Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, B-2520 Edegem, Belgium Jose B. DIAZ LOPEZ, Research Unit, Hospital General de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Apartado 234, Oviedo 33080, Spain Tilmann B. DRUEKE, Department of Nephrology, Hospital Necker, 161 Rue de Seires, F-75743 Paris Cedex 15, France Carl-G. ELINDER, Department of Renal Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden Daphne C. ELLIOTT, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia Vlll Arnold J. FELSENFELD, Section of Nephrology (l11G), University of Oklahoma Health, Sciences Center and VAMC, 921 N.E. 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, U.S.A. Albert FOURNIER, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, 80030 Amiens, France Anthony J. FREEMONT, Department of Rheumatology, University of Manchester Medical School, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom Daniel C. FROMENT, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1055 Cler mont Street, 111C, Denver, CO 80220, U.S.A. Bernardino GHETTI, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1100 W. Michigan St. Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A. William G. GOODMAN, Nephrology Section (111R), Sepulveda Veterans Administration, Medical Center, 16111 Plummer Street, Sepulveda, CA 91343, U.S.A. John C. GREW, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, New York University Dental Center, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, U.S.A. Caroline D. HEWITT, Department of Internal Medicine, Box 168, Univer sity of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, U.S.A. Choukri HOCINE, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, 80030 Amiens, France Gordon L. KLEIN, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, U.S.A. J. D. LALAU, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, 80030 Amiens, France Francisco LLACH, Section of Nephrology (l11G), University of Oklahoma Health, Sciences Center and VAMC, 921 N.E. 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, U.S.A. R. Bruce MARTIN, Chemistry Deparment, University of Virginia, Charlot tesville, VA 22903, U.S.A. Donald R. CRAPPER McLACHLAN, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, 3318 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8 Philippe MORINIERE, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, 80030 Amiens, France Susan M. OTT, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harbor view Medical Center, ZA-67, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A.; present address: Department of Nuclear Medicine, RC-70, Uni versity of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, U.S.A. Henri RENAUD, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, F-80030 Amiens, France Mariano RODRIGUEZ, Section of Nephrology (l11G), University of Okla homa Health, Sciences Center and VAMC, 921 N.E. 13th Street, Okla homa City, OK 73104, U.S.A. John SAVORY, Deparment of Pathology, Box 168, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, U.S.A. Aileen B. SED MAN, University of Michigan Medical Center, Pediatric IX Nephrology, Room 1924/Box 0318, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0318, U.S.A. Donald J. SHERRARD, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1660, So. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, U.S.A. Bengt SJOGREN, Section of Occupational Medicine, Research Department, National Board of Occupational Safety and Health, S-171 84 Solna, Sweden Andrew TAYLOR, Trace Metals Laboratory, Robens Institute of Industrial and Environmental Health and Safety, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, U.K. and Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition St. Luke's Hospital Guildford, Surrey GUl 3NT Walter J. VISSER, Clinical Research Group for Bone Metabolism, Depart ment of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Catharijnesingel101, 3511 GV Utrecht, The Netherlands Gijsbert B. VAN DER VOET, Toxicology Laboratory, University Hospital Leiden, Rijnsburgersweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands Frank L. VAN DE VYVER, University of Antwerp, Department of Nephrology-Hypertension, University Hospital Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, B-2520 Edegem, Belgium Pierre-Fran<;ois WESTEEL, Service de Nephrologie, CHU, F-80030 Amiens, France Michael R. WILLS, Department of Internal Medicine, Box 168, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, U.S.A. Historical survey of aluminum-related diseases MARC E. DE BROE AND PATRICK C. D'HAESE 1856: Charles Dickens reports about a newly available metal: 'Aluminium' [23]. 1880: Smith notes that feeding aluminum-containing baking powder to dogs results in an increase in organ aluminum [40]. 1886: A practical method of manufacturing aluminum is patented by Hall and Heroult [23]. 1913: The Lancet describes the culinary and chemical impact of aluminum in the kitchen [5, 6]. 1938: Pulmonary aluminosis due to exposure to submicron-sized aluminum is seen in Germany by Doese [20]. 1940-1945: Cheaper electricity makes the metal available on a massive scale [23]. 1940's: Aluminum inhalation is practised as a method of preventing curing silicosis [16]. 1950-1960' s: Aluminum is being used as a phosphate binder in chronic renal failure [23]. 1957: After reviewing 503 references, Campbell et al. conclude that alumi num presents a hazard in only a few special circumstances [11]. 1962: Features comparable to the later on so-called dialysis encephalopathy are observed by McLaughlin and co-workers in a 49 years old men who inhaled aluminum dust in a factory making aluminum powder [28]. 1965: Kerr and his colleagues report to the Renal Association a bone disease characterized by bone demineralization as observed on radiographs [23]. 1965: Klatzo and co-workers show that intracerebrally injection of aluminum compounds into rabbits induces neurofibrillary changes being highly com parable to the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease [24]. 1968: Schorr describes the features of the so-called 'Newcastle Bone Disease' [36]. 1968: Chugh and colleagues try an aluminum resin for the treatment of the hyperkalaemia of renal failure [12].
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