Altruistic Emotion, Cognition, and Behavior (PLE Emotion)

271 Pages·2014·14.419 MB·English

by  Various

PSYCHOLOGY LIBRARY EDITIONS:
EMOTION
Volume 5
ALTRUISTIC EMOTION, COGNITION,
AND BEHAVIOR
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ALTRUISTIC EMOTION, COGNITION,
AND BEHAVIOR
NANCY EISENBERG
Firstpublishedin1986
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AL TRUISTIC EMOTION,
COGNITION, AND
BEHAVIOR
Nancy Eisenberg
Arizona State University
LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
1986 Hillsdale, New Jersey London
Copyright © 1986 by Lawrenee Erlbaum Associates, Ine.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprodueed in
any form, by photostat, mieroform, retrieval system, or any other
means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Lawrenee Erlbaum Associates, Ine., Publishers
365 Broadway
Hillsdale, New Jersey 07642
Library of Congress CataIoging in Publication Data
Eisenberg, Naney.
Altruistie emotion, eognition, and behavior.
Bibliography: p.
Includes indexes.
/. Altruism. 2. Emotions. 3. Cognition. 4. Values.
I. Title.
BF637.H4E37 1986 ISO 85-1586
ISBN 0-89859-624-6
Printed in the United States of Ameriea
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 4.
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgments ix
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
Cognition and Emotion 2
Purpose and Structure of the Book 5
Chapter 2 PHILOSOPHICAL AND THEORETICAL ROOTS 7
Philosophical Arguments 7
The Role of Emotion and Cognition in
Developmental Theories of Morality 13
Conclusion 29
Chapter 3 PROSOCIAL EMOTION: METHODS AND 30
CURRENT RESEARCH
Empathy and Sympathy 30
Assessing Empathy/Sympathy 35
The Relation Between Empathy and Prosocial
Behavior: Empirical Findings 41
The Relation Between Empathy and Prosocial
Behavior: Conceptual Issues 45
Pride. Guilt. and Other Potentially Prosocial
Affects 49
Conclusions 56
Chapter 4 ATTRIBUTIONS ABOUT OTHERS AND THEIR 58
PROSOCIAL ACTIONS
Verbal Report of Cognitive Processes 59
Cognitions Concerning the Kindness of Actors
or Actions 63
Attributions About Others' Positive Behaviors 63
The Relation of Attributions About Others'
Prosocial Behaviors to Personal Behavior 73
Conclusion 74
Chapter 5 THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-PERCEPTIONS 77
The Nature of Self-Attribution 77
The Development of Attributions About Personal
Prosocial Behaviors 83
The Role of Expressed Motives in Prosocial
Behavior 95
Chapter 6 ROLE TAKING, ATTRIBUTIONS ABOUT THE 102
ORIGINS OF ANOTHER'S DEPENDENCY, AND
PROBLEM-SOLVING
Role Taking 102
Attributions About the Origins of Another's
Dependency 106
Interpersonal Problem-Solving Skills 110
Conclusion 113
Chapter 7 AL TRUISTIC VALUES AND MORAL 115
JUDGMENT
Norms and Internalized Values 115
Hierarchies of Norms, Values, Preferences,
and Desires 118
Kohlberg's Approach to Moral Judgment 118
Moral Judgments Concerning Altruistic and
Prosocial Actions 122
Personal Correlates of Mode and Level of
Prosocial Moral Judgment 150
The Relation of Moral Judgment to Prosocial
Behavior 154
Conclusion 158
Chapter 8 PROSOCIAl MORAL JUDGMENT: CROSS 160
CUlT URAl RESEARCH
German Data 161
Israeli Data 165
Japanese Data 169
Papua New Guinea (Maisin) Data 170
Conclusion 172
Chapter 9 A MODEL OF PROSOCIAl MORAL 173
REASONING
Kohlberg's Conceptual Model 174
Prosocial Moral Reasoning 179
Conclusion 187
Chapter 10 THE ROlE OF AlT RUISTIC AFFECT AND 188
COGNITIONS IN BEHAVIOR
Attention to Another' s Need: A First Step 189
Motivational Factors 196
Hierarchies of Personal Goals 204
Intention to Assist 205
The Intention-Behavior Link 205
The Consequences of Prosocial Behavior 208
Altruism: Its Place in the Model 209
Conclusion 211
References 213
Author Index 243
Subject Index 253