Altruism and Aggression: Social and Biological Origins PDF
Preview Altruism and Aggression: Social and Biological Origins
Cambridge Studies in Social and Emotional Development General editor: Martin L. Hoffman Advisory Board: Nicholas Blurton Jones, Robert N. Emde, Willard W. Hartup, Robert A. Hinde, Lois W. Hoffman, Carroll E. Izard, Jerome Kagan, Franz J. Monks, Paul Mussen, Ross D. Parke, and Michael Rutter Altruism and aggression Altruism and aggression Biological and social origins Edited by CAROLYN ZAHN-WAXLER Laboratory for Developmental Psychology National Institute of Mental Health E. MARK CUMMINGS Department of Psychology West Virginia University RONALD IANNOTTI Laboratory of Children's Health Promotion The right of the University of Cambridge to print and sell all manner of books was granted by Henry VIII in 1534. The University has printed and published continuously since 1584. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge New York Port Chester Melbourne Sydney Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1986 First published 1986 First paperback edition 1991 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Altruism and aggression. (Cambridge studies in social and emotional development) Based on a conference held at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md. in Apr. 1982, under the auspices of the Society for Research in Child Development and the Child Development Foundation. 1. Altruism in children - Congresses. 2. Aggressiveness in children - Congresses. 3. Altruism - Congresses. 4. Aggressiveness (Psychology) - Congresses. 5. Psychology, Comparative - Congresses. 6. Socialization - Congresses. I. Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn. II. Cummings, E. Mark. III. Iannotti, Ronald. IV. Society for Research in Child Development. V. Foundation for Child Development. VI. Series. [DNLM: 1. Aggression - in infancy & childhood - congresses. 2. Altruism - in infancy & childhood - congresses. 3. Social Behavior - in infancy & childhood - congresses. 4. Socialization - congresses. WS 105.5.S6 A469 1982] BF723.A37A47 1986 155.4'18 85-17402 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Altruism and aggression: biological and social origins. - (Cambridge studies in social and emotional development) 1. Aggressiveness (Psychology) 2. Altruism I. Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn II. Cummings, E. Mark III. Iannotti, Ronald 152.4 BF575.A3 ISBN 0-521-26834-6 hardback ISBN 0-521-42367-8 paperback Transferred to digital printing 2004 To Morris and Rebecca Waxier with gratitude for their continuing support, encouragement, and empathy Contents List of contributors page ix Editorial preface xi Introduction. Altruism and aggression: problems and progress in research Carolyn Zahn- Waxler, E. Mark Cummings, and Ronald lannotti 1 Part I. Biological, sociobiological, and ethological approaches to the study of altruism and aggression The psychobiology of prosocial behaviors: separation distress, play, and altruism Jaak Panksepp 19 An evolutionary and developmental perspective on aggressive patterns Robert B. Cairns 58 Development in reciprocity through friendship James Youniss 88 The prosocial and antisocial functions of preschool aggression: an ethological study of triadic conflict among young children F. F. Strayer and J. M. Noel 107 Part II. Development, socialization, and mediators of altruism and aggression in children A conception of the determinants and development of altruism and aggression: motives, the self, and the environment Ervin Staub 135 Early organization of altruism and aggression: developmental patterns and individual differences E. Mark Cummings, Barbara Hollenbeck, Ronald lannotti, Marian Radke-Yarrow, and Carolyn Zahn-Waxler 165 Aggression and altruism: a personality perspective Seymour Feshbach and Norma Deitch Feshbach 189 vii viii CONTENTS 8 The socialization of prosocial behavior: theory and reality Joan E. Grusec and Theodore Dix 218 9 Social-interactional patterns in families of abused and nonabused children John B. Reid 238 10 Naturalistic observation of cooperation, helping, and sharing and their associations with empathy and affect Robert F. Marcus 256 11 Social information-processing variables in the develop- ment of aggression and altruism in children Kenneth A. Dodge 280 Conclusions: lessons from the past and a look to the future Carolyn Zahn-Waxler 303 Index of names 325 Index of subjects 333 Contributors Robert B. Cairns Barbara Hollenbeck Department of Psychology Laboratory of Developmental University of North Carolina Psychology Chapel Hill National Institute of Mental Health E. Mark Cummings Ronald Iannotti Department of Psychology Laboratory of Children's West Virginia University Health Promotion Theodore Dix Washington, D.C. Department of Psychology Robert R Marcus Duke University Institute for Child Study Department of Human Kenneth A. Dodge Development Department of Psychology University of Maryland Indiana University College of Education Norma Deitch Feshbach J. M. Noel Graduate School of Education Laboratoire d'Ethologie University of California, Humaine Los Angeles Universite de Quebec a Montreal Jaak P&nksepp Seymour Feshbach Department of Psychology Department of Psychology Bowling Green State University University of California, Marian Radke-Yarrow Los Angeles Laboratory of Developmental Joan E. Grusec Psychology Department of Psychology National Institute of Mental University of Toronto Health IX
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