Alkalinity determination

20 Pages·2013·1.64 MB·English

US008349614B2
(12) Ulllted States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 8,349,614 B2
Hintz et a]. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 8, 2013
(54) ALKALINITY DETERMINATION (56) References Cited
(75) Inventors: Christopher Hintz, Wilmington Island, US, PATENT DOCUMENTS
gt‘; J- Hmtz, Falrfax 2007/0178595 A1 * 8/2007 Raghuraman et a1. ........ .. 436/43
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(73) Assignees: George Mason Intellectual Properties, _ _ _ _ _ _
Inc” Fairfax’ VA (Us); University of SOP 3, Determination of total alkalinity in sea Water, Version 2.11,
South Carolina, Columbia, SC (US) Aug 6, 1997, PP~ 130*
( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this * Cited by eXaminef
patent is extended or adjusted under 35
U_S_C_ 154(1)) by 177 days_ Primary Examiner * Christine T Mui
(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm * Edgar Rodriguez
(21) Appl. N0.: 12/707,529
' (57) ABSTRACT
(22) F?ed' Feb‘ 17’ 2010 Alkalinity determination, including an alkalinity determina
(65) Prior Publication Data tion process and/ or alkalinity determinator. An alkalinity
determination process may include providing a knoWn value
Us 2010/0210026 A1 Aug‘ 19’ 2010 of volume of an acidic ?uid, forming a titration system by
, , providing one or more additions of a knoWn value of volume
Related U's' Apphcatlon Data of a relatively alkaline ?uid to an acidic ?uid, determining a
(60) Provisional application No. 61/153,137, ?led on Feb- pH value and/or a temperature value for one or more additions
17, 2009- and/or determining an alkalinity value of a system by calcu
lating a transformation including one or more determined pH
(51) Int- Cl- values and/ or temperature values of one or more additions . An
G01N 31/18 (2006-01) alkalinity determination process may include modeling, such
G01N31/00 (200601) that an informed determination may be made With reference
GoIN 25/0 0 (2006-01) to relevant and/or irrelevant factors, as Well as parameters to
G01N25/20 (2006-01) maximize likelihood of alkalinity determination. In embodi
G01N31/16 (2006-01) ments, an alkalinity determinator may include one or more
(52) U-s- Cl- ----------- -~ 436/147; 436/163; 422/75; 422/77 titration cells, one or more sensors and/or one or more alka
(58) Field of Classi?cation Search ................ .. 436/147; linity value determinators.
422/75, 77
See application ?le for complete search history. 23 Claims, 10 Drawing Sheets
600
/
614
620
616
US. Patent Jan. 8,2013 Sheet 1 or 10 US 8,349,614 B2
“300
Provide a known vaiue of voiume sf an acid ?uki
l
12D
Pmvide one 0!‘ more adéitions of a known vaiue of
vaiume of an afkaline ?uid to an acidic ?uid.
&
13G
Determine a pH value andfor a iemperature vaiue
for one or mere addi?snsi
L
Qeiermine an aikaiin?ty vaiue by caiculating a
transfcrmation‘
HG. 1
US. Patent
Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 2 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
249
/
256
¥nductiveiy quantify a vame 6f the Rumba? of /
protons in a titration system.
mductiveiy quantify a vaiue of a semcted ion /’
in an alkaiine ?uid.
" 27a
incorporate a vaiue of volume 01’ one or ,f
more additians of an aika?ne ?uid {a an /
inductiveiy quantified vaiue of a seiec'md ion
in an alka?ne ?uid.
F18. 2
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 3 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 4 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
Aikaiinity Determinatar
5.0.2
Nka?nity
Titratiun Ceii Sensor Vaiue
$33 ggg Determinator
W ., ggg W
HG. 4
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 5 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
Aikaiinity Determinator
.529
Chamber Sensor
\
Aikaiine Fiuid \ cumpu?ng
m -- msp5e.1n5%? er 3‘ Resaurce
513.52
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 6 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
600
614 /
\
[j 615
619\
\m Fig
618 63° \ 616
/
e116 12 M)!“ s
610
s 13
619
FIG. 6
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 7 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
83%
no».
mm
RQEQm
323B6
Ew,w wvm
mm»,
M.
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 8 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
I“ Mmieaied Rwerw £53m} "Yjiiraaiien
2 5;, ........... ............
i} ............. .< ............ ,;~ ............ ..: ............ .:4 ............ .3 ........... ............ .: .... ..
{3* M £32‘ $4 $31,523 magmaG}I ?
Fi'i'i, 313%
I “mam Rawma {3mm Yiiraiim
2 5 _ {38M using ~§339§L2 m?é ____ M
‘sigma;
KG,- 353
US. Patent Jan. 8, 2013 Sheet 9 0f 10 US 8,349,614 B2
Modeled Reverse Gran Titration
2.5 X10‘? I of QRM '83 using O|.9-1.|2 mMl HCI
\\ \\ \\\ \ \\\ \ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\\ \\\\\\ \\\\
2E9E:2O0. 5 \\\\\\\\.\
\\\\\\.\\ \
\\\\\
\\\
\Q\\
\s\.
01 5a.. \\\\\\\
\\\\\\\ \ ..\\\\ \\
\\\\\\. .
\\\\\ \.\ \\
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8‘ 0.?
v|(m|_)
FIG. 8C
Modeled Reverse Gran Titration
of CRM 83 using 0.9-1.2 mM HCI
4.4 e
4.2
4
3.8~
I 3.6
cu
3.4 e /9////
3.2 ~ /////////é/%
3 W/
(// // // /
2.8
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
O 1
Vi(mL)
FIG. 8D