Alexandria Waste water Master Plan Study TECHNICAL REPORT

277 Pages·2006·9.87 MB·English

ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT
THE MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND RECONSTRUCTION
Alexandria Waste water
Master Plan Study
VOLUME 11
TECHNICAL REPORT
Camp Dresser & McKee Inc.
International Division
with Chas. T. Main International Inc.
Arab Technical and Economical Consultirlg Office
May 1978
This Master Plan Consists of Four Volumes:
I SUMMARY REPORT
11 TECHNICAL REPORT
111 APPENDICES
IV MARINE STUDIES
TABLE OF CONTEIVTS
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PAGE
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Purpose and Scope of the Study
Study Amendments
Top Priority Projects
Previous Reports
Acknowledgements
General Notes
Acronyms, Metric Units , Abbreviations
CHAPTER 2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
General
Existing Conditions
Planning Projections
Engineering Considerations
Concepts for Treatment and Disposal
Evaluation of Alternatives
Recommended Wastewater Pl an
Plan Implementation
CHAPTER 3 EXISTING CONDITIONS
Historical Perspective
History of the Area, Urbanization, Sewerage
Sys tern Devel oprnen t
Geographi cal Features
Physical Features, Climate, Hydro1o gy, Drainage
Drinking Water Canal , Hydrodome
Present Sewerage System
General Description, Central Zone, West Zone,
East Zone
Wastewater Flows and Characteristics
Col 1e cted Wastewaters , Domes t i c and Commerci a1
Sewage, Indus tri a1 Wastes , Overall Flo ws
Management and Fin ance
Sys ten1 Operation, Organization and Administration
Water Quali t y
Medi terranean Sea, In la nd Waters
Environmental Health
Statistical Heal th Data, Relationship to
Sanitary Conditions
CHAPTER 4 PLANNING PROJECTIONS
4.1 Population and Land Use
Demographic Setting, Population Forecasts,
Seasonal Visitors, Residential and Industrial
Development, Distribution by Land Use
Domestic and Commercial Water Use and
Wastewater Production
Water Use, Wastewater Production
Industrial Water Use and Wastewater Generation 4-1 4
'
Industrial Development, Projected Industrial
Flows and Loads
4.4 Overall Wastewater Quantity and Qua1i t y 4-1 5
Infiltration, Projected Total Flow and Strength
CHAPTER 5
5.1 Soi 1s and Subsurface Geology
Regional Site Conditions, Foundations and
Sewer Excavation
5.2 Construction Methods and Materials
Conditions Affecting Construction, Materials,
Methods
5.3 Functional Criteria
Introduction, Sewers and Appurtenances, Pulr~p
Stations, Submarine Outfalls, Treatment Facilities,
Design C r it eria
5.4 Basis of Project Costs
Introduction, Unit Prices, Construction Costs
of Project Components, Operational Costs ,
Land Costs, Total Cost and Foreign Exchange
CHAPTER 6 CONCEPTS FOR TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL
6.1 Scope of the Master Plan 6- 1
Objectives , Level of Quali t y and Compromise
6.2 Wastewater Disposal 6-2
General Options, Appl ication to Land, Evaporation,
Receiving Waters
Wastewater Treatment
Prel iminary, Primary, Secondary
Industrial Waste Control
Introduction, Alternatives, Recommendation
CHAPTER 7 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES
7.1 Plan Formulation
7.2 Evaluation Methodology
Introduction, Economic Evaluation, Functional
Evaluation
Regional Assessment
Levels of Consol idation, Mode o f Col lection,
Disposal Schemes
Development of Zone Plans
Eastern, Abu Kir, Inner West and Central,
Outer West, Ameria
Formulation of the Area-Wide Plan
CHAPTER 8 RECOMMENDED MASTER PLAN PROGRAM
8.1 Overall Master Plan
8.2 Principal Wastewater Faci 1i t ies
Property Connections, Lateral Sewers, Conveyance
System, Prel-imin ary Plants, Submarine Outfal ls,
East Plant Improvements, Waste Stabi 1i zation Fonds,
Evaporation Ponds
Project Stagi ng
General Considerations, Top Priority Projects,
First Stage, Second Stage, Third and Fourth Stages
Operation and Maintenance
Introduction, Operations, Maintenance, Personnel
Requi re~nents, Equ'i pment Requirements
Cost o f the Master Plan
Capital Costs, Operational Costs
Economic Aspects of the Plan
Overall Economic Feasibi 1i t y, Cost Benefit Analysis
Environmental Eva1 uation
CHAPTER 9 PROJECT I!lPLEHEfiTATICl~l
9.1 tlanagement Improvement
General , Overall Orqanization, Executive Direction,
Administration, Operations and Kaintenance, Project
Development
9.2 Proposed Schedule for Implementing
Management Recommends tio ns 9-9
Immediate Attention, TPP, Future Consideration
9.3 Financial Projections 9-1 2
Introduction, Forecasting Frame of Reference,
Cost Escalation, Capital Costs, Operating Costs,
Fixed Assets and Depreciation, Sources of Funds,
Projected Fin anci a1 Statements
9.4 Fin anci a1 Feasi bi1 i t y
Foreign Investment, Local Investment, Financial
Plan Summary
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Cost of the Recomnended Plan 2-1 1
Alexandria Population Data 3-3
Sumary of Wastewater Gauging and Sampling Program 3-22
Present Industrial Water Use and Wastewater Generati on 3-25
Estimated Present Wastewater Flows 3-27
GOSSD-Alexandria Five-Year Financial Summary, 1973-1977 3- 33
Vital Statistics i n Egypt, 1972-1973 3-42
Water-Re1 ated Diseases. i n Egypt 3-43
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Cholera i n Egypt 1970 3-44
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Present District Population 1976 4- 3
Population Forecasts 4-4
Extent of Industrial Development 4- 7
Projected Population Distribution 4-10
Unit and Overall Water Use Projections 4-1 2
Water Use Projections by District 4-1 3
Projected Industrial Waste Discharges 4-1 6
Sumary Projected Wastewater Flows and Loads 4-18
Level of Consol idation - Regional Cost Comparison 7-7
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Mode of Collection Regional Cost Comparison 7-9
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Disposal Schemes Regional Cost Comparison 7-1 1
Economic Comparison of Viable Alternatives
for Eastern Zones
Economic Comparison of Viable A1 ternativ es
for Abu K i r Zone
Economic Corr~parsi on of V ia ble A1 ternati ves
for WestICentral Zones
Economic Comparison of Viable A1 ternatives
for Outer West Zone
Economic Compari son of V ia bl e A1 ternati ves
for Ameria Zone
Property Connections Required
Extent of Proposed Lateral Sewer System
Staffing Requirements for the Recommended Plan
Anticipated Staffing Qualifications
Equipment and Vehicle Requirements
Cost of Property Connections
Cost of Lateral (Street) Sewer System
Cost of Conveyance Facilities
Cost of Treatment and Disposal Facilities
Summary of Capital Costs
Operational Costs of the Recomnended Plan
Summary of Cost/Benefit Analysis
Recommended Training Requirements
Projected Capital Expendi tures
Projected Operations and Maintenance Costs
Schedule o f Capital Assets
Schedule of Depreciation Expenses
Comparison of Water and Sewer Service Charges
Projected Customer Contributions
Projected Income Statement
Projected Cash Flow Statement
Projected Balance Sheet
Geographical Breakdown of Construction Program
Past and Projected Investment Expendi tures
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
3- 1 Area Drainage Features
3- 2 Summary o f Seasonal Variation i n Alexandria C li mate
3- 3 Exis t i ng Sewerage Sys tem
3- 4 Wastewater Sampling Site Locations
3-5 Existing Organization GOSSD-Alexandria
Permanent Population Forecast
General Land Use Map Year 200C
Projected Wastewater Flow
General Soil Zones
Gravity Sewer Construction Cost
Conveyance Construction Cost
Pump Station Construction Cost
Treatment Pl ant Construction Cost
Pump Station Operating Cost
Treatment Plant Operating Cost
Schematic Diagram of A1 ternative Levels of Consol idation
Schematic Diagram of Separate Toxic Industrial Waste
Col lection System
Schematic Diagram of A1 ternative Discharge Schemes
Schematic Diagram of Viable "Hardware" A1 ternatives
Schematic Diagram of Recommended Plan
Recommended Area-Wide Wastewater Master Plan
Recommended Pl an for Eastern ZonesIAbu Kir /Nouzha
Recommended Plan for WestICentral Zones
Recommended Plan for Outer West Zone
Recommended Plan for Ameria Zone
Master Plan Construction Staging Program
Proposed Organization GOSSD-Alexandria
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Pur~osea nd Sco~eo f Study
This study was undertaken to develop a Facilities Master Plan for the
wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal system of Alexandria. The
study addresses the absence of sewerage i n developed and developing areas,
problems i n operation and maintenance of the existing system, pollution o f
major surface waters, and poor public health conditions i n many sections
of the city. Using the most recent planning techniques and the principles
of environmental engineering, a program i s proposed for the period exten-
ding from the present to the year 2000. The original scope of work inclu-
ded the following major elements:
-
a detailed assessment of existing facilities and conditions in
the urban Alexandria study area.
- determination of factors which affect the design of existing
system improvements and the development o f new facilities.
-
determination of necessary oceanographic studies and conduct o f
other field studies.
-
selection of a preferred plan after evaluation of each of the
feasible alternative plans and interim plans, taking into account
economic and functional constraints.
-
selection of Top Priority Projects for immediate construction and
selection of a feasible f i r s t stage construction program.
-
preparation of conceptual designs and cost estimates for the
recommended works.
-
developemnt of a sound program for the implementation of the
proposed plan.
The program was to be a compromise which would satisfy the requirements
for improved wastewater disposal and, at the same time, avoid unacceptable
economic, financial, socia1,and environmental impact. A major objective was
the determination of an early construction program, which would provide
maximum benefit to the study area and s t i l l be consistent with the long
range planning goals.