Alexandra’s Story A Heroine of the Holocaust Caroline J. Hornok April 2008 © International Guardian Angels Outreach Alexandra Goode, President 1400 Limestone Creek Drive Keller, TX 76248-3645 817.379.4747 (Voice) 888.809.3669 (Toll Free) 817.898.1357 (Fax) www.igao.org [email protected] [email protected] - 2 - Contents Preface Page 5 Outline Page 7 Timeline Page 10 Alexandra’s Story Page 12 A Heroine of the Holocaust Part One Page 13 Her Childhood Yugoslavia 1929-1944 Part Two Page 26 In a Concentration Camp Dachau and Rügen Part Three Page 36 Displaced Persons Camps Lübeck and Mönchehof, May 1945-September 1949 Part Four Page 41 Christ and the Holocaust Post-war Acknowledgements Page 48 Photos Page 49 Works Cited Page 63 - 3 - - 4 - Preface As I have meandered through high school, the theme of Story has often surfaced amongst the prescribed readings. There are several genres of stories between the comic, tragic, epic, and lyric literature. If this seems like a Greek salad, dig back in your brain to the prosaic pages seldom read on literary genre or simply reflect on the movies you watched last week. Comic is a story resembling a “U,” beginning mediocre, plunging into the depths, and then escalating to heights greater than before—generally ending in a marriage of sorts. Tragic seems to orbit one character. The story slumps down and down, the end never promising to be any better than before. Epic is most rare, merging both comic and tragic, the feminine and the masculine. Epic transposes time and connects to the supernatural and invisible, escalating history forward. Lyric is poetry and the like. As I began to analyze and to validate the ordinary facts of Alexandra Goode’s testimony, a clear story emerged amongst the rubble of dates and names. I was not particularly looking for one; I was merely piecing together a timeline. While Alexandra’s Story seems most comic, beginning with an ordinary family life, then pitching down to the concentration camps, and subsequently propelling upward to her immigration to the States, there is a tragic element evident—this is the Holocaust we are discussing. Her family dies; she is left alone. The story spins about Alexandra’s conversion, when grace plunges her sunward. The tragic and comic unite, proposing a marriage of epic proportions. So her story is Epic. I have used Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy as a sort of segue as we odyssey together. For the unfamiliar, Dante’s epic was written during his exile from Florence in the fourteenth century and is considered one of the greatest epics ever written. His poem is written in three parts: his journey through the ten circles of Hell, his pilgrimage up the mountain of Purgatory, and his passage through the orbits of Paradise to the very sight of God himself. While I am not Catholic, Dante’s Comedy is my favorite story and is quite relevant to all casts and ages. I have written this paper for my senior research thesis for my high school, Veritas Academy. Calculating the minutes and moments of a lifetime, I know that my words are too few. Composing a life-story is by no - 5 - means a slight subject, and my sheet of music is missing many lines and bars. I have merely undertaken to explain the historical context that seems to dictate her personal woes. It is important to remember, as Alexandra herself often echoes, that it was Christ who purposes and plans this Story. Alexandra was merely a pawn in this grand sanctuary. Her spunk and strength failed as His grace became sufficient. - 6 - Outline Alexandra’s Story A Heroine of the Holocaust Thesis: Though some question and deny the Holocaust, Alexandra Goode’s Story—her parent’s flight to Yugoslavia and her father’s aid to the resistance to the Soviet Union, her life in Dachau and on the Island of Rügen, and finally her years spent in displaced persons camps in Lübeck and Mönchehof—is completely consistent with its historical context. I. Alexandra and her parents’ pre-war life in Yugoslavia, 1917-1944 A. The Bolshevik Revolution and the Russian Diaspora 1. Early revolutions and pre-revolutionary signs 2. Dissatisfaction of the classes 3. February and October Revolutions 4. Culpability of the classes 5. The Diaspora B. White émigrés in Yugoslavia 1. King Alexander I 2. Kingdom of Yugoslavia 3. The Maderashs’ life in Yugoslavia 4. Russian influence on Yugoslavia C. Soviet resistance of White Russians 1. Monarchists 2. The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists D. Yugoslavia in World War II 1. Tripartite Pact and the Putsch 2. German invasion and Yugoslavia’s fall, April 1941 3. Alexandra’s life in the orphanage 4. Yugoslavian resistance groups a.Mihailovic b.Tito 5. Alexandra’s deportation, April 1944 - 7 - 6. Vlasov’s Army a.Russian Liberation Committee at Dabendorf b.Russian Liberation Army (ROA) c. Dabendorf d.Committee for the Liberation for the Peoples of Russia (KONR) e.Prague victory and defeat f. George Maderash’s involvement II. Concentration Camps, A. Dachau, April-August 1944 1.Nazi ideology and the concentration camp system 2.Hitler’s worldview 3.Hitler’s rise to power 4.History of Dachau a. Development of concentration camps b. Development of genocide 5.Alexandra at Dachau in 1944 6.Types of camps a. Concentration camps b. Death camps c. Labor camps B. Island of Rügen, August 1944-May 1945 1. History of Rügen and living conditions 2. V1 and V2 Missiles on Peenemünde 3. Medical experimentation 4. Salvation 5. Escape, May 1945 III. Displaced Person Camps, May 1945-September 1949 A. Lübeck 1. Liberation of concentration camps 2. The death toll 3. The fate of Russian POWS and emigrants 4. Boy and Girl Scouts - 8 - 5. Reunion with her god brother B. Mönchehof C. Immigration to the United States, September 1949 IV. Christ and the Holocaust, post-war A. Holocaust denial B. German culpability 1. Immediate response to the Holocaust a. Ignorant b. Brainwashed c. Dishonest 2. Corporate sin 3. Corporate redemption 4. German responses to the Holocaust a. Victimization by Allies and tourists and silence about Nazism b. Complaints of oppression c. Historical responsibility and exploration of Nazi past C. Elie Wiesel contrasted to Alexandra D. Corrie ten Boom compared to Alexandra E. Alexandra’s orphan ministry V. Conclusion A. Reconciliation of a good and sovereign God B. Alexandra as a heroine and her story as an epic tale - 9 - Alexandra’s Story Timeline Note: Italicized dates are fairly certain, but approximate. February 1917 – Bolshevik Revolution; Maderashs flee to Yugoslavia 1919 – Egor born 1923 – Hitler attempts to run for office 1924 – Hitler writes his Mien Kampf September 13, 1929 – Alexandra born 1930 – National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS) founded 1932– Katherine Maderash dies March 22, 1933 –Dachau is founded October, 1934 – King Alexander murdered at Marseilles September, 1938 – Alexandra goes to school 1939 – Dachau installs a crematory September 1, 1939 – Germany invades Poland, World War II begins October 1939 – Dornberger first tests rockets north of Peenemunde January 1940 – Gas Chambers first used April 6, 1941 – Yugoslavia invaded; Alexandra goes to Orphanage Summer 1942 – Dachau installs four, large oven crematory and gas chambers July 1942 – Vlasov captured by the Germans December 1942 – Russian Liberation Committee founded at Dabendorf Spring 1943 – Slave labor utilized to help the Nazi war effort June 1943 – Unofficial Russian Liberation Army founded 1941-1943 – George Maderash works for the NTS August 17, 1943 – Peenemunde bombed September 1943 – Production of missiles is moved to Dora, March 1944 – Soldier visits Alexandra in the orphanage April 1944 – Alexandra goes to Dachau August 1944 – Alexandra goes to Island of Rugen September 1944 – KONR established at Prague February 7-12, 1945 – Yalta Conference February 1945 –Von Braun and others flee Peenemunde on the 27th; last rocket shot on the 19th - 10 -
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