'Ala al-Din Ahmad Husayn PhD Thesis - University of St Andrews

653 Pages·2009·25.16 MB·English

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The Application Semantics to the Translation Poetry
of of pre-Islamic
Special Reference to the A'vcaZZaga Inru
with of aZ-Qcys
-)
cA1ä)
A Lusayn
al-Din mad
A in fulfilment
thesis submitted of
for degree
the requirements the of
Doctor Philosophy
of
University St. Andrews
of
1983
ý
ý:
; - ..:. ý 5:
` .
x
Dit c-!
.
To parents
my
r
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the following thesis
is based the
on results of research work carried
by it is
that
out me, my own composition, and
that it has been for
not previously presented a
higher degree. This
research was carried out at
the University St. Andrews.
of
y`ýsa
DG
aQ('GLC
-
CAZä
A. Husayn
al-Din
9
/
CERTIFICATION
cAZa
CERTIFY
I THAT Ahmad Husayn has
aZ-D n
terms
completed nine of residence and research
in' St. Salvator's- College, University
work of
-
he has
St. Andrews, that
complied with and
fulfilled the Ordinances Resolutions the
and of
University Court in force is
at present and
in
to the thesis
qualified submit accompanying
for the degree Doctor Philosophy.
application of of
Contents
Page
v
Abstract
..................................................
vii
Acknowledgements
..........................................
ß11'Z
Transliteration Table
.....................................
Part I: Theoretical
Chapter I Pre-Islamic Poetry Its Origin, Recension,
:
Denotation Connotation Imru
and : al-Qays'
2
Nucallaga;
a case study
.................
1.1 The Origin Pre-Islamic Poetry the
of and
3
Poetts function
.........................
5
1.2 The Enigma its Literary Development
of
7
1.3 The Recensions
...............
9
1.4 Islam Pre-Islamic Poetry
and
.... .......
12
1.5 The Umayyads Pre-Islamic Poetry
and
.....
cAbbasids 14
1.6 The Pre-Islamic Poetry
and
....
1.7 Is Irreligiosity Pre-Islamic Poetry
the of
21
True False
or
...........................
1.8 Imru' Mucallaga for
al-Qays' -A search an
23
theme
essential
.........................
24
1.9 The Denotation the Lexeme Mucallaga
of
...
3al-
1.10 The Denotation Connotation Imru
and of
25
Qays' Mucallaga
.........................
25
1.10. The Denotative Images
a
...................
31
1.10. b The Connotative Images
..................
33
1.11 Supplications
...........................
33
1. ll. Tears
a
...................................
35
1.1l. b Righteous Deeds
.........................
Page
43
1.11. Suffering Endurance
c and
.................
45
1. ll. d Struggle
................................
47
1.12 The Reward
..............................
50
1.13 New-Horizons
............................
Chapter-II The Application Semantics to the
of
52
Translation
.............................
53
2.1 The Need for Semantics
..................
54
2.2 Semantic Theories
.......................
54
2.2. Ideationalism (Conceptualism, Mentalism)
a
..
56
2,2. b Behaviourism
............................
57
2.2. Truth. Conditional
c -
.....................
58
2.2. d Contextualism
...........................
61
2.2. Structuralism
e
...........................
62
2.3 Applications
............................
62
2.3.
Incompatibility
a
.........................
65
2.3. b Synonymy
................................
68
2.3. Partial Synonymy
c
........................
70
2.3. d Superordination Hyponymy
-
..............
73
2.3. Direct Superordination Hyponymy
e
-
.......
75
2.3. f Exclusive Paronyms
......................
76
2.3. Exclusive Incompatibility
g
...............
,
77
2.3. k. Partial Overlapping Paronymy Set
........
Chapter III Translation Theory Practice.
: vs.
"An Evaluation the Translations of F. E.
of
78
Johnson. A. J. Arberrj `r
cr.
...............
-d
Page
79
3.1 The. Need for Translation
................
80
3.2 The Approach to Translation
.............
81
3.2. The Philological Theories Translation
a of
..
82
3.2. 1 Literal Translation
a.
.....................
87
3.2. 2 Idiomatic Translation
a.
...................
96
3.2. b Linguistic Theories Translation
of
......
100
3.2. Sociolinguistic Theories Translation
c of
...
106
3.3 Culture, Language Translation
and
.......
107
3.3. Relativism
a
..............................
113
3.3. b Universalism
............................
122.
3.4 Homonymy
................................
Part II Practical
;
125
I The Translations
...................................
II Recensions, Commentaries the Translators'
and
138
Dependence them
on
.................................
620
Indices
..................................................
62.5
Bibliography
...............................................
V
ABSTRACT
This thesis, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to
attempt
apply semantics to the translation of pre-Islamic poetry. But this is a
thorny This is
path. poetry some of the most ambiguous, confusing,
disorganized investigated in
and perfunctorily the Arabic
whole of
literature. The Mucallaga Imru'al-Qays,
of our subject of study, the
is in
crowning achievement of this poetry, an even worse case. The
principal problem which confronts the researcher as well as the
translator is the how best to bridge the
usual one of cultural gulf of
both time and place, to set this Mucallaga in its cultural context so
its
as to understand theme, and achieve the same communicative effect
in
the text translation. Commentaries lexicons little
of and are of.
help here, because their interest is the denotation
main of single
words of this Mucallaga rather than in its organic unity. The setting
in its
this Mucallaga Semitic literary light
of
context would cast some
on its essential theme and hence open new horizons for further compre-
hensive research in this field. This is the task in
we embarked upon
Chapter 1.
Confronted with fifteen main commentaries, and two English trans-
lations this Mucallaga, have
of we resorted to the current semantic
theories in the hope that in them find happy
one of we would a solution
to the translating these help in
problem of commentaries, or at'least
organizing them systematically. Much to our dismay, however, the bulky
literature bequeathed
this to
on subject us a welter of controversial
theories, because is branch linguistics.
perhaps semantics quite a new of
These have been demonstrate
contradictory theories presented to the
difficulty Nonetheless,
theory.
of adopting any one particular semantic
have been found be
certain structural semantic relationships to of
highly
significant application.