Agriculturally Important Microorganisms: Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements in Asia PDF
Preview Agriculturally Important Microorganisms: Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements in Asia
Harikesh Bahadur Singh Birinchi Kumar Sarma Chetan Keswani Editors Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements in Asia Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Harikesh Bahadur Singh Birinchi Kumar Sarma • Chetan Keswani Editors Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements in Asia Editors Harikesh Bahadur Singh Birinchi Kumar Sarma Department of Mycology and Plant Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology Pathology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Chetan Keswani Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India ISBN 978-981-10-2575-4 ISBN 978-981-10-2576-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2576-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016957873 © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #22-06/08 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Foreword During the last five decades, application of chemicals in agriculture has helped in managing many pests and diseases, thereby reducing yield losses in crops. However, concerns are often expressed with regard to pesticide residues in food stuff, environ- mental pollution, imbalance of ecological equilibrium and resurgence of minor pests and pathogens. In sustainable intensification of agriculture through green economy, biopesticides have gained immense significance. Despite some progress in biopesticide production and supply, the scale of its use in India still remains rela- tively small in comparison to chemical pesticides. Much of the production goes to government agencies for distribution to farmers in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. The distribution system for biopesticides is underdeveloped in many areas. This volume on commercial use of agriculturally important microbes in the form of biopesticides includes contributions from vastly experienced Asian experts in a comprehensive manner describing most recent facts and extended case studies. I address the vital issues pertaining to translation of biopesticide research from lab to land. Further, commercialization and regulatory issues concerning biopesticides have also been discussed in a manner that will be invaluable for academicians, sci- entists, researchers and policymakers. I congratulate the editors for this useful effort. Secretary, Department of Agricultural Research Trilochan Mohapatra and Education (DARE) Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India v Preface The past century has witnessed a slow but steady emergence of biopesticides and biofertilizers as potential supplementary and eco-friendly inputs in comparison to their chemical counterparts. Unfortunately, despite considerable research and devel- opment efforts, biopesticide use has remained limited to only 2.5 % of the total chemical use in most of the Asian countries. Several technological constraints in these countries have been responsible for the limited adoption which is exemplified by: lack of knowledge, poor availability of standard stable products and situation- specific packages, inconsistent establishment and performance in different crop and agroclimatic domains, inadequate information on safety, and reluctance on the part of big industries for promotion. The main focus of this book is to review the current status of research, develop- ment, and use of these bioinputs in agro-based clusters in developing Asian coun- tries and develop a strategy for addressing critical issues such as policy support, quality control, regulatory management, and public-private participation in imple- mentation of biopesticides in routine agriculture. The first section will give an overview of the book and will try to develop a con- sensus on issues of quality requirements, quality control, regulatory management, commercialization, and marketing of agriculturally important microorganisms. Despite the global progress in establishing a biopesticide supply, the scale of biopesticide use remains relatively small in comparison to chemical pesticides. Thus, the second section will deal with commercialization aspects for implementa- tion of biological control in routine agricultural practices and includes expert views on topics like licensing and enforcing intellectual property rights on hybrid PGPR strains; innovating plant protection strategies in organic farming; identifying and resolving constraints in commercialization of biopesticides; exposing spurious biopesticide trade; and expanding the consortium model in biopesticide research. Varanasi, India Harikesh Bahadur Singh Birinchi Kumar Sarma Chetan Keswani vii Contents Part I Introduction 1 Synthesis of Policy Support, Quality Control, and Regulatory Management of Biopesticides in Sustainable Agriculture ...................................................................... 3 Chetan Keswani, Birinchi Kumar Sarma, and Harikesh Bahadur Singh Part II I ssues in Commercialization of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms 2 Superior Polymeric Formulations and Emerging Innovative Products of Bacterial Inoculants for Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment ......................................................... 15 Yoav Bashan, Luz E. de-Bashan, and S.R. Prabhu 3 Formulation and Commercialization of Rhizobia: Asian Scenario ......................................................................................... 47 Rajendran Vijayabharathi, Arumugam Sathya, and Subramaniam Gopalakrishnan 4 Regulatory Issues in Commercialization of Bacillus thuringiensis-Based Biopesticides ....................................... 69 Estibaliz Sansinenea 5 Beauveria bassiana as Biocontrol Agent: Formulation and Commercialization for Pest Management ..................................... 81 Carlos García-Estrada, Enrique Cat, and Irene Santamarta 6 Commercialization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Technology in Agriculture and Forestry ............................................... 97 Sumita Pal, Harikesh Bahadur Singh, Alvina Farooqui, and Amitava Rakshit ix x Contents 7 Microbial Consortial Products for Sustainable Agriculture: Commercialization and Regulatory Issues in India ............................. 107 Jegan Sekar, Rengalakshmi Raj, and V.R. Prabavathy 8 Agriculturally Important Microorganisms as Biofertilizers: Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements in Asia ................. 133 Vachspati Pandey and K. Chandra Part III Biopesticide and Biofertilizer Regulatory Requirements in South and Southeast Asia 9 Research, Development and Commercialisation of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms in Malaysia ................. 149 Ganisan Krishnen, Mohamad Roff Mohd. Noor, Alicia Jack, and Sharif Haron 10 Development and Application of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms in India ........................................................................ 167 Harikesh Bahadur Singh, Chetan Keswani, Kartikay Bisen, Birinchi Kumar Sarma, and Pranjib Kumar Chakrabarty 11 Regulatory Requirements and Registration of Biopesticides in the Philippines ..................................................................................... 183 Marilyn B. Brown, Cristine Marie B. Brown, and Robert A. Nepomuceno 12 Biofertilizer Research, Development, and Application in Vietnam ................................................................................................ 197 Pham Van Toan 13 Biopesticides Research: Current Status and Future Trends in Sri Lanka ............................................................................................. 219 R.H.S. Rajapakse, Disna Ratnasekera, and S. Abeysinghe Part IV B iopesticide and Biofertilizer Regulatory Requirements in North Asia 14 Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements of Biopesticides in China ........................................................................ 237 Tao Tian, Bingbing Sun, Hongtao Li, Yan Li, Tantan Gao, Yunchao Li, Qingchao Zeng, and Qi Wang 15 The Registration and Regulation of Biopesticides in Taiwan ............. 255 Tsung-Chun Lin, Tang-Kai Wang, Hua-Fang Hsu, and Ruey-Jang Chang Contents xi Part V Biopesticide and Biofertilizer Regulatory Requirements in West Asia 16 Biorational, Environmentally Safe Methods for the Control of Soil Pathogens and Pests in Israel ..................................................... 273 Liroa Shaltiel-Harpaz, Segula Masaphy, Leah Tsror (Lahkim), and Eric Palevsky 17 Present Status and the Future Prospects of Microbial Biopesticides in Iran ............................................................................... 293 Mohammad Reza Moosavi and Rasoul Zare Contributors S. Abeysinghe Department of Botany, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka Yoav Bashan The Bashan Institute of Science, Auburn, AL, USA Environmental Microbiology Group, The Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Kartikay Bisen Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Cristine Marie B. Brown BIOTECH-UPLB, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines Marilyn B. Brown BIOTECH-UPLB, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines Enrique Cat Nostoc Biotech, Madrid, Spain K. Chandra National Centre of Organic Farming, Ghaziabad, India Ruey-Jang Chang Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, Republic of China Pranjib Kumar Chakrabarty Plant Protection and Biosafety, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi, India Luz E. de-Bashan The Bashan Institute of Science, Auburn, AL, USA Environmental Microbiology Group, The Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Alvina Farooqui Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India Tantan Gao Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Carlos García-Estrada Instituto de Biotecnología de León (INBIOTEC), León, Spain xiii
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