Agricultural statistics 1958

627 Pages·42.393 MB·English

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS
1958
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON: 1959
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. B. Government Printing Office
Washington 25, D. 0. ·Price $1.75 (Paper cover)
Agricultural Statistics, 1958
Prepared under the direction of the Yearbook Statistical Committee:
RICHARD K. SMITH, Chairman; SOPHIE P. FLEMING, Secretary;
RONALD E. BETTS, LAWRENCE A. JONES, CHARLES N. LANE,
ALMONT. MACE, MARTIN P. PLANTING, CLARENCE M. PURVES,
C. KYLE RANDALL, and MURRAY THOMPSON.
CONTENTS
Page Page
Introduction.-------------------------------- III V-Hay, Seeds, and minor field crops:-Cont.
Weights, measures, and conversion factors V MVeulnvegt bbeeaannss _ ._._ ___-_- .-.-.- _-.- _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 330032
!-Grains: Popcorn._._----------------------- 304
Food grains: Peppermint and spearmint ________ _ 305
Wheat.------------------------ 1
Rye____________________________ 15 VI-Cattle, hogs, sheep, horses, and mules:
Rice .. _------------------------ 20 HCoatgtsl e_ _a_n__d_ _c_a_l_v_e_s_ ._._ _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 306
Buckwheat .. _.---------------- 26 321
Feed grains: W~gr_~~~-~~~~~::::::::::::::::::: 332
Corn___________________________ 28 345
BOaartlse._y-.------------------------------------------------ 3416 GMoeaatts aanndd mmeoahta pirr _o_d_u__c_t_s_ ___________________ __ 335542
Sorghums______________________ 49 Hides._------__ ------------.------- 360
GFereadinst cuoffnss _u__m__p_t_io__n_ ._._ ___-_-_- -------------------- 4572 HLiovressetso acnkd i nmdeuxl ensu.m--b--e-r-s- .-.- _-_-_-_-__-_-_- -_ 336625
II-Cotton, sugar, and tobacco: ALinviemstaolc ukn, iwtso _r_l_d_ ____________________________________ __ 336654
Cotton_____________________________ 56 VII-Dairy and poultry products:
Otber fibers________________________ 69 Cows and dairy products __________ _ 366
Sugar plants and sugar_____________ 74 Chickens _________ -------_______ . __ _ 404
Sirups. . ---------------_____________ 91 Turkeys __ ._-----------------_____ _ 600
HToobnaecyc oa n__d_ _b_e_e_s_w_a_x___________________ -_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 9959 Eggs. ______________ . ___ . ___ . ____ . __ 424
VIII--Farm resources, income, and expenses:
III-Oilseeds, fats, and oils: Farm property ____________________ _ 430
Cottonseed ... _____ ._. _____________ . 114 Population and employment_ _____ _ 440
FPleaaxnsuetesd . ... _ -_-_-_-_-__-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 112148 FPraircmes parnodd uincctioomne a _n_d__ d_i_s_t_r_i_b_u__ti_o_n__. ._ 444630
Soybeans___________________________ 131 Costs and expenses. _______________ _ 478
Olive oil. .. ------------------------ 137 Credit o.nd loan programs -------- 495
TMuanrgga nruintes .... .- -------------------------------------------- 113398 Stabpirliozgartaiomns a..n. d__ _p_r_i c. e_ _s_u . p_p__o_r_t_ ___ . 517
Shortening_________________________ 140
Fats and oils_______________________ 141 IX-Agricultural conservation and forestry
statistics:
Agricultural conservation programs 536
IV-J<'ruits, vegetables, melons, tree nuts, Soil Conservation Service .. ------- 543
and beverage crops: Forest Service statistics.----------- 549
Fruits and berries .. ---------------- 151 'l'urpentine and rosin .. _. _________ _ 562
Seasonal groupings of commercial
Vevgeegteatbalbelse a cnrdop ms efloorn sfr._e_sh__ m__a_r_k_e_t_.__ 220055 X-ConsuPmopputiloatnio ann _d_ _f_a_m__i_ly__ l_i_v_i_n_g_:_ _______ _ 565
Vegetable shipments_______________ 253 Farm level-of-living indexes _______ _ 566
Vegetable consumption____________ 256 Food consumption ________________ _ 567
Commercial pack__________________ 257 573
~~i~d ~~t:~~im~~~~~~~~~========
Tree nuts .. ------------------------ 261 575
Tea, cacao beans, and coffee._______ 265 Expenditures for farm family living 576
Rural electrification and telephones 576
V-Hay, seeds, and minor field crops: XI-Miscellaneous statistics:
HPaasytu--re-- a--n-d- -ra-n-g-e-_-_--_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 226795 ~ricultural imports and exports __ 580
eather Bureau reports ---------- 587
SReaetedss o._f s.e-e-d-i-n-g-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 227868 JF!r'ioszheenri-efso oadn dlo fciskhe rsst _a_t_i_s_ti_c_s_ _-__-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 559917
PBCBereooaawosnm,ps ecd, oardrsynr _ _y_f__i ee__l__dd _i- b__-_l_-e__- __-_-._ _-_-_-_-_--__--__-____-___-___-_ _-____-___-___-___-___-_ _-____- 222299983789 IHRneadfwerixag ioeiafr anftr iseotinagt hsitst atritacitsset _is_c __s__ .__.__.__ __-__-__-__-__-__-__-__-__- -__ 555999987
Hops __________________ ------------- 301 Index._-----------_____ . ____________________ _ 601
II
Introduction
Agricultural Statistics brings together each year the more important
series of statistics concerning Agriculture and closely related subjects. For
the most part, the data included herein were prepared in the U.S. Department
of Agriculture, or compiled by the staff for official use. A few of the tables
were· prepared in other Government agencies. A particular effort has been
made to meet the diverse interests and needs of the general public for a
reliable reference book on agricultural production, supplies, consumption,
facilities, costs, and returns. The tables presented cover a wide variety of
facts in forms suited to most common use. Persons needing daily, weekly,
and monthly information are served by the current reports of the agencies
which prepare the summary statistics appearing in this book and to which
the tables are credited. Research workers and others will usually wish to
obtain direct from the agencies the latest facts bearing on particular problems
associated with data contained in the tables included here. Inquiries con
cerning more current or more detailed data, the statistical methodology used,
past and prospective revisions, etc., should be addressed directly to the
agency responsible for the table.
The historical series in this volume have been generally limited to data
beginning with 1944 or 1945 or to the most recent 10 years. Agricultural
Statistics, 1957 was expanded to carry a longer series of years for most of
the tables and should be used as a reference by those who have need for
data for the earlier years. Many of the tables in this issue carry a reference
in the source note to the table in Agricultural Statistics, 1957 where com
parable data for earlier years can be found.
The table of contents indicates the general layout of the book, and page
headings show the subdivisions within each chapter. The coverage and
organization is much the same as in the 1957 issue.
Department Estimates and Census Data
Estimates of the U. S. Department of Agriculture are made primarily
to give timely current State and national totals and averages. They are
based on "benchmark" data supplied by the Censuses of Agriculture taken
every 5 years and on sample data supplied by farmers and by people who
do business with farmers, together with check data from other sources.
Being estimates, they are subject to revisions as more data become available
from commercial or Government sources. Unless otherwise indicated, the
totals for the United States shown in the various tables on acreage, production
numbers, price, value, supplies, and disposition are based on official Depart
ment estimates and exclude States for which no official estimates are compiled.
Census data are the result of the most nearly complete or actual count
that can be made, and are used for many other purposes than determining
State and national totals and averages. For example, each census provides
much detailed information about counties and minor civil divisions. It also
provides data that can be organized into many frequency distributions and
cross-classifications for large and small portions of the country or for different
segments of the agricultural industry. The definition and manner of handling
a census precludes revising census data to bring them in line with other
indications, even though in practice it is difficult to obtain a complete enu
mBration. Any effort to make such revisions or adjustments would produce
estimates.
For census years, many tables carry both census totals and this Depart
ment's estimates. Generally, where there are appreciable differences be-
tween the census totals and this Department's final estimates, the processes
of checking and revising estimates have indicated that some sources provide
III
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS IV
more nearly complete information about some items than the census has
been able to obtain. For example, this Department's estimate of tobacco
production can be considered more precise than census totals, because the
estimates are revised in line with actual production as shown independently
by Internal Revenue records and State records of tobacco sales. Sugar beet
and sugar cane production and acreage estimates are adjusted to quantities
actually reported by sugar factories. Check information on peanuts and
rice is available from processors for areas sometimes including several States.
In a number of other instances allowances have been made for known in
completeness of coverage by the census.
For livestock and poultry, the Department's estimates of inventory num
bers relate to January 1. Most recent censuses have not enumerated num
bers on that date. The decennial censuses have usually related to April 1,
with the average date of enumeration falling somewhat later. The 1945
census was taken as of January 1, but with the trying wartime conditions,
was delayed over a considerable length of time in a number of States with
the result that reported inventory numbers did not always represent the
actual January 1 inventory. The 1950 census was taken as of April 1 and
the 1954 census was taken in October and November. These situations
have made it necessary to adjust census totals to a January 1 equivalent
basis, taking into account changes that occurred between the January 1 date
and the actual date of enumeration.
DEFINITIONS
"Farm Value" as applied to crops in the various tables, is derived by
multiplying production by the estimated season average price received
by farmers for that portion of the commodity actually sold. In the case of
fruits and vegetables, however, quantities not harvested because of low prices
or other economic factors are excluded from the computation of farm value.
The term is used in the inventory tables on livestock and poultry to mean
value of the number of head on farms on January 1. It is derived by mul
tiplying the number of head by an estimated value per head as of that date.
The word "Year" (alone) in a column heading means calendar year.
"Ton" when used in this book without qualifications means a short ton of
2,000 pounds.
WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS
The following table on weights, measures, and conversion factors covers
the most important agricultural products, or the products for which such
information is most frequently asked of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
It does not cover all farm products nor all containers for any one product.
The information has been assembled from various sources within the
Department and from State schedules of legal weights. For most products,
particularly fruits and vegetables, there is a considerable variation in weight
per unit of volume, due to differences in variety or size of commodity, con
dition and tightness of pack, degree to which the container is heaped, etc.
Effort has been made to select the most representative and fairest average
for each product. For those commodities which develop considerable
shrinkage, the point of origin weight or weight at harvest has been used.
The approximate or average weights, as given in this table do not neces
sarily have official standing as a basis for packing or as grounds for settling
disputes. Not all of them are recognized as legal weights. The table was
prepared chiefly for use of workers in 'the U. S. Department of Agriculture
who have need of conversion factors in statistical computations.
WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS
(See explanatory text just preceding this table)
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
Approxi Approxi
Commodity Unitt mate net Commodity Unit' mate net
weight weight
Alfalfa seed __________ BusheL __________ _ Pounds Grapes: Pounds
60 ----------1 4-quart climax
Apples _______________ {N'or~~W:estiiox -.~~= 4484 Eastern_ 12b-qasukaertt _b _a_s_k_e_t___ ___ __ 186
AArpWtriicechsootteksr e_n_s __:_ ____________________ 4EL-uabsgat sek(rBent r beconraxtwt'e-o-'-o---d--)--' 522444 HHieWcmkepossrteyee rnndu_ _t_s-_____- __-__-__-___-__-__- 4LB_-_ uub__sag dhs"oke- eL_-t_- __-c__-r__a-__-_t_e-__ _-_"_-_ __-____- -___ 242840
AAsvJGp oealcrrouaabgsdeuao _sls_e_ ___m____ _______ __-___-___-___-_________ _______ LBBCouuraxsgt h'•e-e- _-L-_--_ -_- -_--_---_---_---_---_---_---_--- -------- 12-31540005 HHHHoooopnnnseee _yyy_ __db__ ea-_wl-_l-_ m-_m_-e_e-l_-loo_-n_-n_s-s_ - ___-__ JGBCuaramalletlb,eo o g_n_ r_ co--rs--as-- t_--e_--_"--_---_---_---_--- - _ 112.7407500408
Bananas __ -----------{Plywood box •-__ _ 40 Horseradish roots ___ {BusheL __________ _ 35
BBeaLOaritnlmhesey:a r,_s ,-d -rd-yr-y _--_ _-__-__- _--_--_--_---_-_{_FB-_-i_u-b_s-e ddhrooe f L_ _o__l ___d___i___n___g___ ___b___o___x______ s _ ___ 64450068 HKKausafenilree_gd__a __-r__-ia_-__-n_-__ -__m-__-i__l-__l-_e_-__t- __-__-__- BB____ au__r__sr ddheooeL L__ ___ ____ -___-____-___-____-____-___-___-___- ___ 48 and1 10550860
BeSLBWenuitmisnat:cph ah _o,e _uud__nt_ _s_th_o__ep__l_sl _-e__d__-___-___-___-____ SB_N___ aua__ c_is_ lkdhedoe_do L_- ·_c-- __--r _---a_---_t---e_---_-'-- _-_--__-_-___--___-- ---__ 13053420020 LLLLLKeeiaeammntrptdteuooi _slcnk_s e_s ( _s_ ,F__ e _--Cl e-o--a-d--r-l-i-_i-df----oa----r---)-n_ --_-i--__-a--_-__--_-___--- TBBBW__iou_oeex_srxs_ dhct "eoe_e-_ r L__-_n__- ___ _-__c___-__r__-_a__ _-_t-_e__-____ -__n__-__ ____-______- -_____ 3"53-746787900050
Be32Wr++rii11et hspp,oa afcucrktok_ zs __ue__ng__ a__pr___a__ c___k____:__ ___ __5__0_ __-__g ddalool o___n___ _b___a__r__r___e___L____ _ ___ 344258500 LMMMieanaapsltedl _eeo_ dws_ _io r_fiu_eL_sp_c_ ___u__ e-__ -__s-_e_-_e_-_d_-_____ BGGBuaualslsllhohoenenL _L__ _ - -__--__-__--__--__--__--__--__--__-- --__ 1131 7.03.2 4345
BBlluacekgbraesrsr iseese_d:_ ____ -_-_-_-_- 2B4u-sqhueaLrt _ c_r_a__te_ ________ __ 14-3306 MMiillkl_e_t_ _______ -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- BGuasllhoenL _ ____________________ __ 488-5.06
BBBBrruupoocteootkremm wtrocc _hn_oo)e -_rra-nn_t-_ _s-(__6e-__- e_b -d-_-a-.-_l -_-e_-_-s__-_ __-___- BBB__auo_l_sxe dh_ _oe_- L__-__- __ -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-__--__--__--__-- --__ 44483--55630243 MMMMOaiooultollssaa__tss_ ass__ree_ _dss__ ,,_ _ s _ei_en__de_e_di_db_ _i__lb__e _ l_- e__ -____-_____-_____- BB__G__ uua____lss l ddhhoooeen LL__ ___ __________________________________________________ _____ l15!18..- i63i572206
Cabbage_------------{WOpireen b mouenshd bcaragt _e_ "_ 5500 OOlliivvees o _i_L__ ______ _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- LGualglo"n- -__- -------------------- 2135 7-3. 60
Cantaloup ___________ JWumesbteor nc rcartaet"e-"------- 8830 OOnniioonnss,, gdrreye _n_ _______ Sack_------------- 50
CaWrriotthso: ut tops_-____ {OBupsehne mLe _s_h_ _b_a_g__ _____ __ 5500 bOOurnnainocghne essde: _ts_ ________ _-_-_-_-_-_- BCursahteeL"- _-_-_-_-_-_-__-_-_- -_ 5208--3525
CaBsutonrc-hbeeda_n_s_._--_____________ BWuesshteerLn _ c__r_a_t_e_"_ ------ 7456 Florida and Texas_ {i:r~~~t~~~~-~~~::: 0450
Castor oiL----------- Gallon __ ---------- 138 California and
Cauliflower__-------- !Yz-bushel crate __ _ 37 Arizona _________ Box"------------- ,. 77
Celery _______________ Crate"----------- 60 Orchard grass seed__ BusheL __________ _ 14
Cherries______________ {4C-hqeurarryt lculigm"a-x- --- 16 Palm oiL __ --------- Gallon_----------- 13 7. 5
basket_ ________ _ Parsnips ____________ {~-~~~~~~:::::::::: 50
CCloomve: r seed. __ ------- BusheL __________ _ 606 Lug box"--------- 2480
Ear, husked ____________ do ____________ _ Peaches_____________ C~~~~~a !~~~----
Shelled_____________ __ _ _do ____________ _ .. 70 2918
MeaL______________ __ _ .do ____________ _ 5560 PPeeaannuutts o, iuLn_s_h_e_l_l_e_d_:_ Gallon __ --------- 13 7. 7
SOiirLu_p_ ________ -_-_-_-_--_________ _G_ _a l.ldoon _ ____ -_-_-__-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 11!1 7.7. 27 RVuirngnineiras ,t yspoeu_t_h_-___ BusheL __________ _ 22
CCCCCoooortawttttotnoopnbnenseeas _rees_rd e__i___de___ s_o______iL-___-____-____-____- _--__ ---__---__--- {{BBGBBBauuaaallrlsseelrhho,,e eenLngLL r_e _o_ __t_ s__ -__s___-_ ____-______-_____-_____-_____-_____-_____- -_____ 111787l S4517 80036, 000027 PeSCOWaprateaeshlani:ssef ittsoreeh _rrr_n_nn___i __a___ __-___-___ --___--___--___-_-____-____-____- B________ _o_______x dddd"oooo- ____-____-____ --___--___--___--___-__-_-___-__-_-___--___-- --___ 3524400868
~-barrel box"--- 25 Peas:
Cream, 40-percent Green, unshelled __ BusheL----------- 30
CEDguebgwcuputlbatmenertbr_rfei_aer_tss_ _ _ ________________ _-___-____-___-___-___- 2BBG4uua-ssqlhlhuoeeanLLrt_ _ _-c__-_r_-a__-__t-e__-__.- ___-___-___- _-__ 8.33349863 PPeeDrpirplylea-r- ss- _e--_e-_d-_-____-_____-__-_-__-__-__- { BO_~_ au_t_se dho;oe, L-___ _-_:__:__ _:__:__:__:___:__:__: :__ 37-42565000
EEsgcgasro, lae_v_e_r_a_g_e_ s_i_z_e________ BCausseh,e 3L0 _d_o__z_e_n_ ______ __ 20 462.85 PPilnuemapsp laens_d_ p_r_u_n_e_s_:_ _ Crate"-__ ------- 70
Figs, fresh____________ Box, single layer 21_ 6 California _________ 4-basket crate"--- 20-29
FFlloauxrs,e veadri.o_u-s-_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_- BBuagsh __e_L_ ____________________ __ 10506 PoOptchoerrn _:_ ___________ Yz-bushel basket._ 28
GGrraapine fsrourigt:h ums ______ BusheL __________ _ 56 SOhne lleeadr_ ____ -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- B__ u_ s.dhoeL __ ____________________ __1 16 5706
CaFllioforrindiaa a anndd T exas __ {i:ro~~?.~'=~-~~~~:: 4800 Poppy seed. __ ------ {:B:a:r:r~e~L:: _:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:__:_: :_ 1466605
Arizona____________ Box"------------- "65 Potatoes __ ----------! B__a_g_ d __o_ _________ -_-_-__-_-_-_- -_ 10500
See footnotes at end of table.
v
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES-Continued
Approxi- Approxi-
Commodity Unit 1 mwaeteig nhet t Commodity I Unit 1 mwaeteig nhet t
Pounds I Pounds
Quinces--------------1 BusheL ________ _ 48 Swcetpotatoes _______ {BusheL ___________ "55
50 and 60 Crate. __ ---------- 50
R~!efd~t~o;p~ iseeesd- .:.: _:_:_:_:__:_:_: j2B4~u,s~h~~erLt _c_r_a_i_e_~__:_:_: :_ 50 and 3606 TTaimngoetrhinye sse, eFd l_o_r_i_d_a___ MB~ubsohxe L31i ______________________ 4455
Refiner's sirup ______ Gallon __________ _ II. 45 'I'obacco:
Rice: Maryland _________ Hogshead. ________ 775
1 45 Flue-cured.------- ____ do _____________ 950
RMoiullgehd. .-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- {!Pfoic:kc:e~t: o:r: :b:a:g:: :_:_:_ :_ 111060020 BDVuiarrrglkie nyaii _ar_ -f_ci_ru_er_-e_cd_u_ r_e___d__. ____________ dddooo _--_--_--_--_--__--_--_--_--_--_--_-- 11,, 39!557050
Rosin ________________ Drum, net 520 Kentucky and
Rutabagas .. _________ BusheL. _________ _ 56 Tennessee fire-
Rye. ___ .. _______________ do _____ _ 56 cured ____ do _____________ 1,500
Sesame seed. !____ do ____________ _ 46 Cigar-leaf ______ rase------------- 25Q-365
Crate (8 doz. Bale _ ----------- 150-175
bunches) _______ _ 40 Tomatoes BusheL ___________ 53
Shallots ____ ---------)Barrel (20 doz. Lug box"--------- 32
I bunches) 100 Tung oil Gallon ----------- 13 7. 8
Sorgo: Turnips:
Seed .. _·----------- BusheL __________ _ 50 Without tops. BusheL ___________ 54
Sirup ------------- Gallon ___________ _ II. 55 Bunched ------~:: Crate u ___________ 6Q-80
Soybeans ------------ BusheL __________ _ 60 Turpenti1w __ ------ Gallon ____________ 7. 23
SSSoppyienlbate.c a-hn- - _o-_-iL_-_- _-__-__-_-__-__-__-__-__-__~ JGB __ua__lsl dhooenL __. ___-_-__-__-__-__-__-__-__- _1_ , 13 7.24 007 VVWeealtlvcnehut.b t_se_ a_n__s_- _(-h_-_u-_-l_l-e_-d_-_-) B____u____s hddoeo L ___ _________________________________ 566000
\L.A. crate u ____ _ 36-40 Water, 60°F. ------- Gallon ----------~ 8.33
Strawberries .. ------ 24-quart crate ___ _ 36 ·watermelons ------- Melons of average
Sudangrass seed _______I BusheL __________ _ 40 or medium size _ 25
Sugarcane sirup Wheat ------------- BusheL __________ 60
f(usurelfdu)r.e _d_ _o_r_ _u_n_s_u__l_-_ Gallon _________ _ 11.45 Various commodities (SLhoonrgt ttoonn .._ ___ :::::1 22,,200400
Sunflower seed _______ BusheL __________ _ 24 and 32
I
' Standard bushel used in the United States contains 2,150.42 cubic inches; the gallon, 231 cubic inches; the
cranberry barrel, 5,826 cubic inches; and the standard fruit and vegetable barrel, 7,056 cubic inches. Such large
sized products as apples. and potatoes sometimes are sold on the basis of a heaped bushel, which would exceed
somewhat the 2,150.42 cubic inches of a bushel basket level full. This also applies to such products as sweet pota
toes, peaches, green beans, green peas, spinach etc.
' Approximate inside dimensions, 10)1 by 11Yz by 18 inches.
• Approximate inside dimensions, 11 by 13 by 17 inches.
< Approximate inside dimensions, 4% by 12)1 by 16Ys inches.
' Approximate inside dimensions, 4)1 by 16 by 16Ys inches.
6 Approximate inside dimensions, 9% by 11 by 20% inches.
7 Approximate dimensions, 4)1 by 13)1 by 16Ys inches.
8 Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 12 by 32 inches.
' Approximate inside dimensions, 8 by 12 by 22 inches.
10 Inside dimensions vary. Common sizes are 13 by 13 by 22Ys inches, and 13 by 15Ys by 23 inches.
" Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 18 by 21% inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 13 by 22Ys inches.
" This is the weight commonly used in trade practices, the actual weight varying according to temperature
conditions.
a Approximate inside dimensions, 9% by 16 by 20 inches.
15 Approximate inside dimensions, 4Ys by 11~2 by 14 inches.
" The standard weight of 70 pounds is usually recognized as being about 2 measured bushels of corn, husked,
on the ear, because it required 70 pounds to yield 1 bushel, or 56 pounds, of shelled corn.
17 For statistical purposes the bale of cotton is 500 pounds or 480 pounds net weight. Prior to Aug. 1, 1946,
the net weight was estimated at 478 pounds. Actual bale weights vary considerably, and the customary average
weights of bales of foreign cotton differ from that of the American square bale.
"This is the average weight of cottonseed, although the legal weight in some States varies from this figure of
32 pounds.
16 Approximate. inside dimensions, 9)4 by 10)1 by 15 inches.
20 45 pounds priOr to 1952.
" Approximate inside dimensions, g~ by 1J by 16Ys inches.
" Approximate inside dimensions, 12 by 12 by 24 inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 11)1 by 11)1 by 24 inches.
" Until1942, these net weights as used in this Department (for figuring quantities and values of bulk fruit in
terms of packed boxes) were 60 pounds for grapefruit, 76 pounds for lemons, and 70 pounds for oranges. Grape
fruit in California areas other than the Desert Valleys, averages 68 pounds per box compared with 65 pounds in
the Valleys.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 5% by 13)1 by 16Ys inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 4% by 16 by 16Ys inches.
" Approximate inside dimensions, 7% by 16 by 21U inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 9U by 13 by 25 inches.
26 Approximate inside dimensions vary. Common size is 43-1! by 11)1 by 16Ys inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 83-1! by 11)1 by 18 inches.
" Approximate inside dimensions, 13% by 11 by 22 inches.
"Approximate inside dimensions, 12 by 10)1 by 33 inches.
" Inside dimensions vary. Ranges from 4 by 16 by 16Ys inches to 6 by 16 by 16Ys inches.
"This average of 55 pounds indicates the usual weight of sweetpotatoes when harvested. Much weight is lost
in curing or drying and the net weight when sold in terminal markets may be below 55 pounds.
" Approximate inside dimensions, 93-1! by 9)1 by 19Ys inches.
(See conversion factors on next page.)
VI
CONVERSION FACTORS
Commodity Unit Approximate equiYalcnt
l7
App~~:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::! 1 pound dried _________ pounds fresh; beginning 1943, 8 pounds fresh
1 pound chops _________ 5 pounds fresh
Do _________________________ _ 1 barreL ______________ 1 3 boxes or 3 bushel baskets
Do------------------------- 1 case canned"--------11.4 bushels fresh
Applesauce ____ ----------------- 1 case canned"-------- 1.2 bushels fresh
Apricots __ ---------------------- 1 pound dried _________ 5Yz pounds fresh
Barley flour ____________________ _ 100 pounds ____________ 4.59 bushels barley
Beans, lima ____________________ _ 1 pound shelled _______ 2 pounds unshelled
Beans, snap or wax ____________ _ 1 case canned"-------- 0.010 tons fresh
BCaulcvkews _h_e_a_t_ _f_l_o_u_r_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 110 p0 opuonudn ldisv _e_ w__e__ig__h_t_. ____ 30..54575 b puoshuenldss b durceksswehde wate ight, since 1952
Cattle ____ ---------------------- ____ do _________________ 0.549 pounds dressed weight, since 1952
1 gallon ___ ------------ 5 pounds sugar
g~fl~~!~~~~~~ ~== =~:: ~:: ::::::::: 1 case canned"-------- 0.023 tons fresh
1 pound live weight __ 0.72 pound ready-to-cook weight
Corn, shelled ___________________ _ 1 bushel (56lbs.) ______ 2 bushels (70 pounds) of husked ear corn
Corn, sweet ____________________ _ 1 case canned"-------- 0.038 tons fresh
Cornmeal:
Degermed ____________________ _ 100 pounds ____________ 3.16 bushels corn, beginning 1946
Nondegermed ________________ _ ___ _do _________________ 2 bushels corn, beginning 1946
Cotton ______________ --------___ _ 1 pound ginned _______ 3.26 pounds seed cotton including trash"
Cottonseed meaL ______________ _ 1 pound _______________ 2.10 pounds cottonseed
Cottonseed oiL ___ -------------- ____ do _________________ 5.88 pounds cottonseed
Dairy products:
Butter_-----------------_____ _ 1 pound _______________ 21.1 pounds milk
Cheese __ -_-------------------- ____ do _________________ 10 pounds milk
Condensed milk, whole ______ _ ____ do _________________ 2.3 pounds milk
Dry cream ___________________ _ ____ do _________________ 19 pounds milk
Dry milk, whole _____________ _ 1 pound _______________ 7.6 pounds milk
Evaporated milk, whole _____ _ ____ do _________________ 2.I4 pounds milk
Malted milk _________________ _ 1 pound _______________ 2.6 pounds milk
Nonfat dry milk __ ----------- ____ do _________________ 11 pounds liquid skim milk
Ice cream"------------------ 1 gallon ______________ 15 pounds milk
Ice cream " (eliminating fat
from butter and concen-
Eggstr _a_t_e_d__ m__i_l_k_)_ _______________________________ __ 11 gcaaslleo _n_ ____ __-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 4172 ppoouunnddss milk
____ do _________________ 39.5 pounds frozen or liquid whole eggs
Eggb~h_e!::::::::::::::::::::::: ____ do _________________ 10.8 pounds dried whole eggs
Figs ____________________________ _ I pound dried _________ 3 pounds fresh in California; 4 pounds fresh elsewhere
Flaxseed ----------------------- 1 busheL _____________ About 2Yz gallons oil
HGoragps e_f_r_u_i_t_,_ _F_l_o_r_i_d_a_ ________ _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 11 cpaosue ncda nlinveed w jueiicgeh t" ___ __ 00..8536 9b pooxu fnredsshd f rreusiste d weight excluding lard, since 1952
Linseed meaL _________________ _ 1 pound.-------------- 1.56 pounds flaxseed
Linseed oiL_ ___________________ _ I pound--------------- 2.80 pounds flaxseed
MalL ________ -----_------------ 1 bushel (34 lbs.) __ ____ I bushel barley (48lbs.)
Maple sirup ____________________ _ 1 gallon _______________ Spoundsmaplesugar
Nuts:
Almonds, imported 1 pound shelled. __ _ _ _ _ 3Yz pounds unshelled
Almonds, California ____ do _________________ 2.22 pounds unshelled through 1949; 2 pounds
thereafter
BraziL _______________________ _ ____ do _________________ 2 pounds unshelled
Cashews.--------------------- ____ do _________________ 4.55 pounds unshelled
Chestnuts ____________________ _ ____ do _________________ 1.19 pounds unshelled
Filberts_---------_------------ ____ do _________________ 2.22 pounds unshelled through 1949; 2.5 pounds
thereafter
Pecans:
Seedling ____ ---------------- ____ do _________________ 2.78 pounds unshelled
Improved ____________ ----__ _ ____ do _________________ 2.50 pounds unshelled
Pignolias _____________ ------__ _ ____ do _________________ 1.3 pounds unshelled
Pistachios ____________________ _ ____ do _________________ 2 pounds unshelled
Walnuts:
Black _____________ ---------- ___ _do _________________ 873 pounds unshelled
Persian (English) __________ _ ____ do _________________ 2.56 pounds unshelled
OatmeaL_---------------------- 100 pounds ____________ 7.6 bushels oats, beginning 1943
Oranges, Florida _______________ _ 1 case canned juice"__ 0.63 box fresh
Peaches, California, freestone __ 1 pound dried ________ 5.\3 pounds fresh through 1918; 6 pounds fresh for
1919-28; and 6}2 pounds fresh from I920 to date
Peaches, California, clingstone. _ ____ do _________________ 7)1 pounds fresh
Peaches, clingstone _____________ _
Do _________________________ _ ~-~~~oc:'~~,~~-~·~_-::::::1 6:g2~~~~~; fi:;~
Peanuts ________________________ _ I pound shelled._ ----1 1)2 pounds unshelled
See footnotes at end of table.
V1l
CONVERSION FACTORS-Continued
Commodity Unit Approximate equivalent
Pears ___ ------------------------ 1 pound dried ________ _ 5Yz pounds fresh
PearDs,o B __a_r_t_l_e_t_t_. ._._ ____________________________ __ 1 case canned"-------- 1.1 bushels fresh
PPeruasnD,e ogs r.. e._ e____n__ ________________ _._ ____________________________________ __.__- -__ 111. .cpp.aoo.sd uueonn c dd-a -nsd-hrn-ie-eel-ddl-e _"-d_--._-- __--__--__--__--__-- --__ 0022YY..00zz2! 06pp oottoouunnnnssdd sffsrr ueefssnrhhes shh(es lhileenld le Cda)l ifornia; 3 to 4 pounds fresh
elsewhere
Raisins ________________________ _ 1 pound ______________ _ 4 pounds fresh grapes
Rice, milled (excluding brewers)_ 100 pounds ___________ _ 152 pounds rough or unhulled rice
Rye flour ___ -------------------- ....d o:---------------- 2.23 bushels rye beginning 1947
SShoeyebpe aann dm leaamL b__s_ _____________________________ __ 11 ppoouunndd .J-iv-e-- w--e-i-g-h--t -__- -_ 01..42787 p poouunndds ss odyrebsesaends w eight since 1952
SSuogyabre _a_n_ _o_i_L__-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-__ __ 1-- t.o-nd ora_w-- _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- -_ 05..94354 p6 otuonnds sr esfoiynbedea ns
Tobacco. ___ -------------------- 1 pound farm-sales Various weights of stemmed and unstemmed, ac
weight. cording to aging and the type of tobacco. (See
circular 435, U.S. Dept. of Agr.)
TTWuohrmekaaetty ofsle o_s_u._-r_ -__-____________________________ __-__-__-__-__.__ __________ ___ 111 0 cp0a opsueon ucdna ldnisvn _ee_ d_w_"e_-_i-g_-_h-_-t_-._ -_ _-_ 002...308320 7 pb touosunhnsed lfssr e rwsehah deya-tt o••- cook weight
WWooooll,, ddoommeessttiicc aappppaarreell spbuollrend _.__ _ 1__ p_ o.duon _d_ _g__r e.a.s _y_ ______________ __ 00.. 4745 ppoouunnddss ssccoouurreedd
" Case of 24 number 272 cans.
" Case of 24 number 2 cans.
" Varies widely by method of harvesting.
"The milk equivalent of ice cream ~er gallon is 15 pounds. Reports from plants indicate about 81 percent
of the butterfat in ice cream is from m1lk and cream, the remainder being from butter and concentrated milk.
Thus the milk equivalent of the milk and cream in a gallon of ice cream is about 12 pounds.
"This is equivalent to 4.56 bushels of wheat per barrel (196 pounds) of flour and has been used in conversions
beginning July 1, 1944. Because of changes in milling processes, the following factors per barrel of flour have been
used for earlier periods: 1790-1879, 5 bushels; 1880-1908,4.75 bushels; 1909-17,4.7 bushels; 1918 and 1919, 4.5 bushels;
1920, 4.6 bushels; 1921-44, 4.7 bushels. From Mar. 1 to Nov. 1, 1946, the milling rate averaged about 2.20 bushels
wheat per 100 pounds flour.
vm
CHAPTER I
STATISTICS OF GRAIN
This chapter deals primarily with estimates of acreage, production, farm disposi
tion, prices, farm value, stocks, and foreign production and trade. Estimates for
most of these subjects are published regularly in greater detail by the Crop
Reporting Board.
Tables on sorgo sirup, which might be expected in the sorghum group, are in
cluded with "sugar crops," and popcorn tables are placed with "minor field crops."
Corn sugar and corn sirup, however, are include in the corn tables.
Table I.-Wheat: Acreage, yield, production, value, and foreign trade, United States,
1944-57
Average price
per bushel, year Foreign trade, including
Season beginning July, flour, year beginning
Yield average at- July'
Acreage per price
Year Acreage har· har· Produc· per Farm
seeded• vested vested tion bushel value Im-
acre received Domes- ports
by Kansas Minue· tic ex- for con- Net ex-
farmers• City a apo!is• ports' sump- ports s
--------- -------ti-on -7 ---
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
acres acres Bushels bushels Dollars dollars Dollars Dollars bushels bushels bushels
194/, ••••• -------- 58,£86 17.7 1,032,660 -------------------------------------------------------------
1944 ..... 66,190 59,749 17.7 1,060,111 1. 41 1,498,081 1. 56 1. 59 56,711 51.561 5,150
1945 ..... 69,192 65,167 17.0 1,107,623 1. 50 1, 660,891 1. 60 1.71 318,695 13,591 305,104
1946 ..... 71,578 67,105 17.2 1,152,118 1. 91 2,201.036 2. 09 2.34 367,411 2,041 365,370
1947 ..... 78,314 74,519 18.2 1,358, 911 2. 29 3,109,445 2. 52 2.88 479,752 149 479,603
1948 ..... 78,345 72,418 17.9 1,294,911 1. 99 2,577,191 2.19 2.37 505,304 4,571 500,733
19J,f! ..••• -------- 71,163 14.1 1,006,559 --------- ------------------------------------ ----------------
1949 ..... 83,905 75,910 14.5 1,098.415 1.88 2,061,897 2.16 2.37 308,170 11,340 296,330
1950 ..... 71,287 61,607 16.5 1,019,344 2.00 2,042,296 2.28 2.46 374,014 20,006 354,008
1951.. ... 78,524 61,873 16.0 988,161 2.11 2,088, 739 2.43 2.50 479,643 37,412 442,231
1952 ..... 78,645 71,130 18.4 1,306,440 2.09 2, 729,402 2.32 2. 50 323,726 27,931 295,795
1953 ..... 78,931 67,840 17.3 1,173,071 2.04 2,391,966 2. 27 2. 57 220,164 8,523 211,641
1954 9.-- -------- 51,36! 17.7 908,9£8 ------------------------------------ -------------------------
1964 ..... 62,539 54,356 18.1 983,900 2.12 2,082,485 2.37 2.68 274,758 5,052 269,706
1955 .... 58,241 47,285 19.8 934,731 1. 98 1,854,551 2.18 2.48 342,857 9,836 333,021
1956 ..... 60,658 49,784 20.2 1,004,272 1. 97 1,974,174 2. 21 2.42 536,251 7,529 528,722
1957 1'-·· 49,919 43,664 21.7 947,102 1.94 1,836,367 2.16 2.40 -------------------------
• Includes acreage seeded in preceding fall for harvest in the year shown.
' Except for 1946 includes an allowance for unredeemed loan and purchase agreement deliveries at the average
rate.
'Prior to 1947 quoted as No. 2 Hard Winter, and beginning with 1947 to date, No. 2 Hard and Dark Hard
i'i~~k'::"t ft"e~fe~~d by weighting selling prices by number of carlots sold, as reported in the Kansas City Grain
• No. 1 Dark Northern Spring, computed by weighting selling prices by number of carl ots sold as reported in
the Minneapolis Daily Market Record.
'Compiled from reports of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Wheat flour converted to grain equivalent
on the following basis: Through June 30, 1944, 4.7 bushels of grain to 1 barrel of flour; July 1, 1944-Feb. 28,
1946, 2.33 bushels of grain to 100 pounds of flour; the following months of 1946 as indicated, March 2.28, April
2.17, May 2.18, June 2.17, July 2.18, August 2.22, September 2.20, and October 2.23 bushels; and Nov. 1, 1946
to date, 2.33 bushels of grain to 100 pounds of flour.
' Includes flour milled from imported wheat. See also table 8, which includes civilian feeding by the military
abroad prior to January 1947.
7 Includes wheat imported for milling in bond and subsequent export.
• Domestic exports minus imports for consumption. Net imports shown by a minus sign.
9 Excludes some minor producing States and parts of other States where wheat was not asked separately.
to Preliminary.
Agricultural Marketing Service. Italic figures are census returns. Data for 1866-43 in Agricultural Statistics,
1957, table 1.
1
2 GRAJNS, 1958
Table 2.-Wheat, by groups: Acreage, yield, and production, United States, 1948-57
Winter wheat All spring wheat
I
Yleld Yield
Year Yield per I Yield per
Acreage Acreage per har- Pro due- Acreage Acreage per bar- Produc-
seeded I harvested seeded vested tion seeded harvested scedod vested tlon
acre acre acre acre
-----------------------------------------
1, 000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1, 000 1,000
acres acres Bushels Bushels bushtls acres acres Bushels Bushels bushels
1948.-------- 58,332 52,963 17.0 18.7 990, 141 20,013 19,455 15. 2 15.7 304,770
1949 _________ 61, 177 54, 414 14.0 15.8 858, 127 22,728 21,496 10.6 11.2 240,288
1950 __________ 52,399 43,250 14.1 17. I 740, 637 18, 888 18, 357 14.8 15. 2 278,707
1951.-------- 56, 145 40,093 11. 6 16.2 650,822 22,379 21, 780 15. I 15.5 337,339
1952--------- 56,997 50,895 18. 7 20.9 I, 065, 220 21,648 20, 235 11. I 11.9 241, 220
1953_-------- 57,087 46,933 15. 5 18.9 885,032 21.844 20,907 13. 2 13. 8 288,039
1954.-------- 46,617 39,218 17.2 20.4 801,369 15, 922 15, 138 11. 5 12.1 182,531
11995565 __-__-_-_-_-_-_-_- 4444,,422970 3353,, 750504 1156. .79 2200..89 770440,,799238 1163,, 925311 1134,, 253805 1166.. 25 1186..95 222693,,933448
1957 '-------- 37,535 31, 613 18.8 22.4 707, 201 12, 384 12, 051 19.4 19.9 239,901
Durum wheat 3 Other spring wheat '
1948.-------- 3, 278 3,220 13. 8 14. 0 45. 142 16,735 16, 235 15.5 16. 0 259,628
1949.-------- 3, 767 3, 570 10.4 10.9 39, 072 18,961 17,926 10.6 11. 2 201, 216
1960.-------- 2, 918 2,829 12.8 13. 2 37, 212 15,970 15, 528 15.1 15.6 241, 495
1951. ________ 2, 586 2, 518 13.4 13.8 34,762 19,793 19, 262 15.3 15.7 302, 577
1952.-------- 2,328 2, 174 9. 7 10.3 22,493 19,320 18,061 11.3 12.1 218,727
1953.-------- 2,103 1, 865 6. 2 7. 0 12,967 19, 741 19,042 13. 9 14.4 275,072
1954.-------- 1. 637 1, 309 3. 0 3.8 4,982 14, 285 13,829 12.4 12.8 177, 549
1955.-------- I, 385 I, 348 14. I 14.5 19, 580 12,566 12, 237 16.7 17.2 210,358
1956.-------- 2,481 2, 310 15.5 16.7 38,503 13, 750 11, 920 16.4 18.9 224,841
1957 '-------- 2,365 2, 281 16.8 17.4 39, 680 10, 019 9, 770 20.0 20.5 200,221
All wheat
·--~---
Yield per Yield per
Total acreage Net acreage Acreage total seeded harvested Production
seeded • seeded' harvested acre acre
1, 000 acres 1, 000 acres 1,000 acres Bushels Bushels 1, 000 bushels
1948_-------- 78,345 78,224 72,418 16.5 17.9 1, 294,911
1949 _________ 83, 905 83,288 75, 910 13.1 14. 5 1, 098, 415
1950--------- 71, 287 71, 015 61, 607 14.3 16.5 I, 019,344
1951. ________ 78, 524 78,062 61.873 12.6 16. 0 988, 161
1952.-------- 78, 645 78.462 71, 130 16.6 18.4 1, 306,440
1953 _________ 78,931 78, 53! 67,840 14.9 17.3 1,173,071
1954--------- 62,539 62.386 54,356 15.7 18. 1 983,900
1955.-------- 58, 241 58, 171 47,285 16.0 19.8 934, 731
1956.-------- 60, 658 59,477 49,784 16.6 20.2 1, 004,272
1957 , ________ 49, 919 49, 837 43, 664 19. 0 21.7 947, 102
I Acreage seeded in preceding fall, for winter wheat only.
' Preliminary.
3 Includes "Red Durum." Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota from 1948 to 1953 inclusive. Mon-
tana added in 1954.
• Includes small quantities of durum wheat grown in States other than those specified in footnote 3.
• Total of acreage seeded to winter wheat and all spring wheat.
'Total acreage seeded less an allowance for winter wheat acreage abandoned and later reseeded to spring wheat
for harvest in the same crop year. Occurs principally in the Pacific Northwest.
Agricultural Marketing Service. Winter wheat and spring wheat data for 1929-47 in Agricultural Statistics,
1957, table 2.