Agricultural History 1995: Vol 69 Index

17 Pages·1995·3 MB·English

Index to Volume 69
Aaronsohn, Ran, “The Beginnings of farm cooperatives; African American
Modern Jewish Agriculture in Pales- farmers; Agro-industry
tine: ‘Indigenous’ Versus ‘Imported,” Agricultural Act of 1948: Brannan’s crit-
438-53 icism of, 40; 1949 House Committee
Adams, Jane, The Transformation of on Agriculture’s study of, 42; provi-
Rural Life: Southern Illinois, sions of, 29, 34; support for, 28-30,
1890-1990, 628-9 34-6
Adelman, Jeremy, Frontier Development: Agricultural Act of 1949, 50
Land, Labor, and Capital on the Agricultural Legislative Committee (Cal-
Wheatlands of Argentina and Canada, ifornia), 591
1890-1914, 495-6 Agricultural machinery industry, British:
African American agribusiness entrepre- between 1914 and 1939, 298-313;
neurs: and acreage reduction and and changes in export market due to
conservation programs, participation WWI, 298-301, 303, 308, 311-3; and
in, 265-6; and catfish operations, competition from North America,
267; and contracting with 312-3
processing/marketing industries, Agro-industry: and environmental
265-6; future requirements for, 268, change in Mexico, 395-412; labor de-
270-1; and loss of black-owned land, mands of, 408; and monocultivation,
270; outside support for, 268-70; and 408; and negative effects on environ-
rice operations, 266 ment, 397, 410; and non-renewable
African American farm cooperatives: fossil resources, 408; requirements of,
failures of, 264-5; functions of, 396, 407, 411; and usefulness of
264-5; need for, 264 North American model in other re-
African American farmers: and agribusi- gions, 406
ness (1945-70), 258-9; and Brown v. Aiken, George D.: and Agricultural Act
Board of Education, 259-60; and of 1948, 48
household technologies, 261; and mi- Alabama: and Old Rotation cotton field
gration to urban areas, 263; and 1965 experiment station, study of, 350-66
Civil Rights Commission, 262-3; and Alberta: and influence of American Pop-
post-WWII industrial movement in ulism, 529-30; and Society of Equity,
rural South, 259-60; and transporta- 533; and United Farmers of Alberta,
tion, 261-2 538-40
Agrarian ideology, American: adaptabil- Almond industry, California: and Asian
ity of, 241-2, 255-6; and Brannan workers, 577-9; and contractors,
plan debate, 244, 248-50, 253-6 577-80, 582-6, 589; emergence of,
Agribusiness: and John H. Davis, 343-7. 566; and George Washington Pierce,
See also African American agribusi- Jr., 563-91; government involvement
ness entrepreneurs; African American in, 584; and harvesting techniques,
648 / Agricultural History
569; and harvest labor relations, Biotechnology: and imperialism in Mau-
573-91; and industrialized agricul- ritius, 163, 167, 176; and pathology,
ture, 564-5, 591; and marketing 94
problems, 570; and Mexican workers, Bolton, Charles C., Poor Whites of the
588-90; orchardists’ attitude toward, Antebellum South: Tenants and La-
568, 580, 590-1; organization of, borers in Central North Carolina and
571-2; and processing, 569; and Sikh Northeast Mississippi, 372-4
workers, 581-6, 588-9; and WWI, Bovine pleuropneumonia: cause and
584-8, 590-1. See also Orchard in- spread of, 94; eradication of, 93
dustry, California Bowen, Marshall E., Utah People in the
American Farm Bureau Federation: and Nevada Desert: Homestead and Com-
commitment to flexible support munity on a Twentieth Century Farm-
principle, 34, 37-8, 44; and failure of ers’ Frontier, 382-4
Brannan plan, 51, 53; and opposition Bradley, Karen J., “Agrarian Ideology
to Brannan plan, 248-50, 253; and and Agricultural Policy: California
opposition to National Farmers Grangers and the Post-World War II
Union over fixed price support, 46; Farm Policy Debate,” 240-56
and Woolley Plan, 33-4 Brannan, Charles F.: career of, 30-2; and
American Farm Economic Association: Eighty-first Congress, relationship
and position on government agricul- with, 40-4, 50; and New Deal, 244-5;
tural support, 34-5. See also Truman and shift away from flexible support
administration principle, 33, 35-7
American Federation of Labor: and Cal- Brannan plan: and Aiken plan, 247-8;
ifornia orchard industry, 590 and American Farm Bureau Federa-
Anderson Act. See Agricultural Act of tion, 248-50, 253; Brannan’s defense
1949 of, 49-50; California Grange’s re-
Australia: introduction of sugar cane to, sponse to, 251-4; and cap on assis-
415. See also Queensland, Australia tance to farms, 247, 250; cost of,
247-8; crops subsidized by, 246, 252;
Baillargeon, Morgan, “Native Cowboys and direct federal payments to farm-
on the Canadian Plains: A Photo ers, 39, 40; failure of, 28, 50; goals
Essay,” 547-62 and provisions of, 48, 245-7; and Na-
Bancroft, Joseph: and investigation of tional Farmers Union, 45-6; and Na-
“rust” disease in Queensland, 424-6; tional Grange, 248-9, 253-4; and par-
and remedy for “rust” disease, 431-2. ity, redefinition of, 246; and
See also Red rot disease small-scale farmers, 50-1, 250-4; and
Benson, Ezra Taft: and John H. Davis, Woolley Plan, 33-4. See also Agrarian
340-2; and reorganization of USDA, ideology, American
340-1 British tractor companies. See Agricul-
Bidwell, Percy, History of Agriculture in tural machinery industry, British
the Northern United States, Bull Tractor Company: and Big Bull
1620-1820, 456, 472, 477 tractor, 321-2; and Gas Tractor Com-
Index / 649
pany, 320; and Lion Tractor Com- ians, 86-9; volunteer regiments in,
pany, 322; and Little Bull tractor, 84-5
320-1; and merger with Whitman Chandler, Alfred: and corporate develop-
Agricultural Company, 322; and ment model, 314-5
Minneapolis Steel and Machinery Chemical Foundation: adopts chemurgy
Company, 320, 325; reasons for fail- as research and development pro-
ure of, 323; and response to market gram, 273; and power alcohol, 277-8.
demands, 315. See also Toro Mo- See also Chemurgic movement;
tor Company; Tractor, gasoline- Chemurgy
powered Chemurgic movement: and Francis P.
Butz, Earl: and John H. Davis, 342, 345 Garvan, 273, 277, 292-3; and Henry
Ford, 277, 292-3; and New Deal farm
California. See Almond industry, Cali- program, 273, 284-6. See also Greg-
fornia; Orchard industry, California; ory, Clifford V.; Hale, William J.;
Viticulture, California McMillen, Wheeler
California Almond Growers’ Exchange: Chemurgy: and New Uses Council, 296;
establishment of, 571 successes of, 274, 296; William J.
California Association of Practical Hale coins term, 276, 292
Farmers: and WWI, 586-7 Chiapas, Mexico: and colonization of
California Spray-Chemical: and changes Lacandona forest, 409
in pesticide industry, 236-9; and Civil War: and federal veterinary serv-
Ellerslie Edgar Luther, 235-6; and ice, beginnings, 95; sale of glandered
Ortho brand basic lead arsenate, 236; horses after, 88, 92. See also Cavalry,
and William Hunter Volck, 235-6 Confederate; Cavalry, Federal; United
Campesinos: and migration to Chiapas, States Veterinary Medical
409; standard of living of, 402, 411 Association
Canada. See Alberta; Native Canadian Coclanis, Peter A., “The Poetics of
cowboys; Plains cultures, Canada; American Agriculture: The United
Populism, twentieth-century prairie States Rice Industry in International
(Canada) Perspective,” 140-62
Cattle industry, Mexican: and beef ex- Commodity Credit Corporation: pur-
ports to U.S. in 1880s, 409-10; and pose of, 340
deforestation, 409; and international Conspiratorial rhetoric: and Nebraska
finance, 410 Populism, 17; and Ohio Populism,
Cavalry, Confederate: and Lynchburg 18-9; as a political phenomenon, 3-4,
horse infirmary, 91; and post-Civil 26; as a psychological phenomenon,
War distribution of horses and 3, 21; and revolutionary activity
mules, 92; reorganization of, 85, 91; (1770s), 3; and slave power (1850s),
volunteer regiments in, 84-5 3, 9-10; and Texas Populism, 17-8.
Cavalry, Federal (Union): and condition See also English conspiracy theory;
of horses on battlefield, 89, 91; reor- Seven Financial Conspiracies Which
ganization of, 85-6; and veterinar- Have Enslaved the American People
650 / Agricultural History
Cooperative associations: legal status of, Farmer Cooperatives in New England
333. See also African American farm Agriculture,” 332; and Ray Goldberg,
cooperatives; National Council of 344-5; and Resettlement Administra-
Farmer Cooperatives tion, 329-30
Corporate agriculture. See Miller and DDT: effect of on cotton production,
Lux corporation 359-61
Cotton harvester, mechanical: and effect Dean, Virgil W., “Charles F. Brannan
on cotton production, 356-7, 359; and the Rise and Fall of Truman’s
rapid adoption of, 349-50, 356-8 ‘Fair Deal’ for Farmers,” 28-53
Cotton production, Southern Piedmont: Desertification, 407-8
and DDT, 359-61; effect of hybrid Dewey, Peter, “The British Agricultural
seed on, 360; effect of improved fer- Machinery Industry, 1914-1939:
tilization on, 359-61; effect of me- Boom, Crisis, and Response,”
chanical harvesting on, 356-7, 298-313
359-61; and equipment, 358; meth- Diet: in colonial New England, 481. See
ods of, 356; and row spacing, 360; also Native Americans; Nutrition,
and transition from animal to me- nineteenth-century (U.S.)
chanical power, 354-5
Cowboys. See Native Canadian cowboys Economic history. See History, economic
Cuff, Timothy: evaluated by Robert E. Effland, Anne B. W., ““New Riches From
Gallman, 592-603 the Soil’: The Chemurgic Ideas of
Wheeler McMillen,” 288-97
Davis, John H..: as assistant secretary of Eighty-first Congress: and agricultural
agriculture, 341-2; biography of, price supports, 38. See also Lovre,
326-48; coins term “agribusiness,” Harold O.
343-4; and Commodity Credit Cor- Ejidos: and capitalist development in
poration, 340; A Concept of Agribusi- Mexico, 398; definition of, 395; and
ness, 343, 346; A Concept of Agricul- effects of 1992 amendments to Arti-
ture, 344; and Earl Butz, 342, 345; as cle 27 of Federal Constitution of
executive secretary of National Mexico, 395-6, 411; status during
Council of Farmer Cooperatives, 1930s and 1950s, 398
331-8; and Ezra Taft Benson, 340-2; Emery, Sarah E. V.: and Greenbackism,
and family farms, attitude toward, 6; and Populism, 5-6. See also Seven
335-7; and Farm Credit Administra- Financial Conspiracies Which Have
tion, 331; Farmer in a Business Suit, Enslaved the American People
344-5; “From Agriculture to Agri- English conspiracy theory: and cam-
business,” 344; and Harvard School paign literature, 14-5; and Hazzard
of Business, 338-9, 342-5; and Na- circular, 8-15; and historiographical
tional Tax Equality Association, debate, 2, 16; legitimacy of, 24-5; in
334-6; and 1948 elections, 336; and the press, 12-3, 16. See also Conspir-
Orvis V. Wells, 346; “The Present atorial rhetoric; Seven Financial Con-
and Future Contributions of the spiracies Which Have Enslaved the
Index / 651
American People teenth Century: A Weighty Issue Vis-
Entomology. See Orchard industry, Cal ited Yet Again,” 592-606
ifornia; Woodworth, Charles W. Garvan, Francis Patrick: and criticism of
Environmental history. See History, en- New Deal farm policies, 274-5,
vironmental 277-8; and National Farm Chemurgic
Equine diseases: and Civil War, 84; and Council, 292-3; and power alcohol,
equine distemper, 82-3. See also 273, 275, 277-9. See also Chemurgic
Glanders movement
Estey, Ralph H., Essays on the Early His- Gasohol. See Power alcohol
tory of Plant Pathology and Mycology Geography, historical: and colonial New
in Canada, 378-9 England agriculture, 477, 479-80
Germ theory: effect of on livestock in-
Falconer, John, History of Agriculture in dustry, 97; and glanders epizootic,
the Northern United States, 95; and theories of contagion, 81-2,
1620-1820, 456, 472, 477 88, 90, 92, 95
Farmer, Charles J., In the Absence of Giesboro Point, Cavalry Bureau depot
Towns: Settlement and Country Trade at: construction of, 85-6, 89; location
in Southside Virginia, 1730-1800, of, 85; size of, 85-6; spread of glan-
113-4 ders at, 86, 89-91
Farmers’ Alliance: and conspiracy the- Glanders: and Civil War veterinarians,
ory, 13; emergence of, 4; growth of 87-8; early knowledge of, 79; efforts
in Kansas, 12; and movement cul- to prevent spread of, 83-4, 87-8, 90;
ture, 25; and third-party strategy, 18 and equine distemper, 82-3; and
Farmer's Protective League: and WWI, eradication from U.S., 79; first exten-
586-7 sive clinical study of, 81-3, 91; and
Ford, Henry: and chemurgic movement, germ theory, 88, 95; and humoral
277, 292-3; and Fordson marketing theory, 88; and incubation, 80; mar-
strategy, 320, 323 tial history of, 79-80; and mortality,
Fordson tractor: 1918 introduction of, 89-91; post-Civil War spread of,
317; popularity of, 319; prices of, 323 92-3; progression of, 82; symptoms
Fraysse, Olivier, Lincoln, Land, and of, 80; treatment of, 80-1, 92-3; and
Labor, 1809-60 (trans. Sylvia Neely), U.S. government, 96
499-500 Goldberg, Ray: and agribusiness educa-
Fuller, Wayne E., One-Room Schools of tion, 345-6; and biotechnology, atti-
the Middle West: An Illustrated His- tude toward, 346-7; A Concept of
tory, 485-6 Agriculture, 344; and John H. Davis,
Fusonie, Alan E., “John H. Davis: Archi- 344-5
tect of the Agribusiness Concept Re- Gompers, Samuel. See Sugar industry,
visited,” 326-48 Hawaii
Goodwyn, Lawrence: and response to
Gallman, Robert E., “Pork Production Hofstadter, 2; and Populism, prob-
and Nutrition During the Late Nine- lems with analysis of, 11, 25
652 / Agricultural History
Gootenberg, Paul, Imagining Develop- Hale, William J.: Chemistry Triumphant,
ment: Economic Ideas in Peru's ‘Ficti- 292; coins term “chemurgy,” 276,
tious Prosperity’ of Guano, 1840-1880, 292; and commitment to chemical
108-9 industry, 293-4; and criticism of New
Great Plains: and agrarian protest, Deal farm policies, 274-5, 277-9; The
517-46; and community formation, Farm Chemurgic: Forward the Star of
524-9; and land boom (1900-14), Destiny Lights Our Way, 273, 276,
523; settlement of by commercial 292; and power alcohol, 273, 275,
wheat producers, 524-5. See also Na- 277-9, 281; proposes industrial use of
tive Canadian cowboys; Plains cul- farm products, 272-3, 275, 292; and
tures, Canada; Populism, twentieth- Wheeler McMillen, 275-8, 281. See
century prairie (American); also Chemurgic movement;
Populism, twentieth-century prairie Chemurgy
(Canadian) Hart-Parr: and manufacture of first
Greenbackism: and Populism, 23-4; and gasoline-powered tractor, 316. See
radical republicanism, 22 also Tractor, gasoline-powered
Green Revolution, Mexico: and agricul- Hawaii. See Sugar industry, Hawaii
tural production rates, 399; and im- Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association:
position of North American technol- and favoritism toward white employ-
ogy on agriculture, 406; and soil ees, 184-5; and importation of non-
erosion, 407 Japanese workers, 194-5; and re-
Gregory, Clifford V.: and contribution to sponse to strike of 1909, 192-3; and
chemurgic movement, 284-7; and response to strike of 1920, 198. See
Henry A. Wallace, 282-5; and also Sugar industry, Hawaii
McNary-Haugen campaign, 282; as a Hickey, Joseph V., Ghost Settlement on
national figure, 285-7; and Orland the Prairie: A Biography of Thurman,
Sweeney, 284; and power alcohol, Kansas, 638-9
283; and Prairie Farmer, 282-7; and Hinshaw, Kenneth, Farmer in a Business
support for New Deal farm policies, Suit, 344-5
284-5. See also Chemurgic move- History, economic: problems with,
ment; Chemurgy 141-2; rhetorical tools of, 140-1
Griggs, Peter: “‘Rust’ Disease Outbreaks History, environmental: and colonial
and Their Impact on the Queensland New England agriculture, 477-80
Sugar Industry, 1870-1880,” 413-37 History of technology. See Technology,
Grim, Valerie, “The Politics of Inclu- history of
sion: Black Farmers and the Quest Hofstadter, Richard: The Age of Reform,
for Agribusiness Participation, 1; and Populism, problems with
1945-1990s,” 257-71 analysis of, 20-2, 26
Guerin-Gonzales, Camille, Mexican Hog cholera: fatalistic attitude toward,
Workers and American Dreams: Im- 94; origin of, 93-4
migration, Repatriation, and Califor- Hogs: weight of “home” pack versus
nia Farm Labor, 1900-1939, 119-21 weight of “commercial” pack, 596-7.
/ 653
See also Pork the Plantations to the Land War,
Holden, Robert H., Mexico and the Sur- 384-6
vey of Public Lands: The Management Joyce, Patrick, Visions of the People: In-
of Modernization, 1876-1911, 103-5 dustrial England and the Question of
Hope-Aiken Act. See Agricultural Act of Class, 1840-1914, 519-21
1948
Hope, Clifford R.: and parity price sup- Kazin, Michael, Populist Persuasion: An
ports, 44; and position on direct fed- Arsencan History, 519-22
eral payments to farmers, 43. See also Klein-Robbenhaar, Jonn F. I., “Agro-
Agricultural Act of 1948 Industry and the Environment: The
Hoyles, Martin, Gardeners Delight: Gar- Case of Mexico in the 1990s,”
dening Books from 1560-1960, 501-2 395-412
Hudson, John C., Making the Corn Belt: Koch, Robert: and development of pa-
A Geographical History of Middle- thology, 94
Western Agriculture, 369-70
Humoral theory: and glanders, 88; and Labor. See Almond industry, California;
theories of contagion, 82 American Federation of Labor; Sugar
Hurt, R. Douglas, American Agriculture: industry, Hawaii
A Brief History, 105-6 Labor, colonial agricultural (New Eng-
land): and African American slaves,
Igler, David, “Industrial Cowboys: Cor- 462, 466; and children, 464, 466;
porate Ranching in Late Nineteenth- forms of, 463-6; and indentured ser-
Century California,” 201-15 vants, 465; and “putting out” chil-
Industrial agriculture: reactions of social dren, 464; and regional economies,
critics to during 1930s, 243-5. See 463; scarcity of, 463; and servants,
also Agro-industry 462; and tenancy, 465-6; and women,
Insecticide industry. See California 462
Spray-Chemical; Orchard industry, Larkin, John A., Sugar and the Origins of
California; Woodworth, Charles W. Modern Philippine Society, 109-12
Insects. See Orchard industry, Califor- Laycock, David, Populism and Demo-
nia; Viticulture, California cratic Thought in the Canadian Prai-
ries, 519-21
Jewish agriculture: and changes during Lehman, Tim, Public Values, Private
nineteenth century, 440, 442, 451-3; Lands: Farmland Preservation Policy,
and historiography of early agricul- 1933-1985, 635-6
tural economy, 440, 442. See also Pal- Leichtle, Kurt E., “Power in the Heart-
estine; Viticulture, Jewish land: Tractor Manufacturers in the
Johannessen, Sissel, and Christine A. Midwest,” 314-25
Hastorf, eds., Corn and Culture in the Lewis, David Rich, Neither Wolf Nor
Prehistoric New World, 490-1 Dog: American Indians, Environment,
Jordan, Donald E., Jr., Land and Popular and Agrarian Change, 486-8
Politics in Ireland: County Mayo from Lion Tractor Company: and Bull Tractor
654 / Agricultural History
Company lawsuit, 322; and response McGowan, William P., “Industrializing
to market demands, 315. See also the Land of Lono: Sugar Plantation
Tractor, gasoline-powered; Bull Trac- Managers and Workers in Hawaii,
tor Company 1900-1920,” 177-200
Little, Peter D., and Michael J. Watts, McKenzie, Robert Tracy, One South or
eds., Living Under Contract: Contract Many? Plantation Belt and Upcountry
Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Civil War-Era Tennessee, 632-3
in Sub-Saharan Africa, 374-5 McMath, Robert C., Jr., “Populism in
Lomawaima, K. Tsianina, They Called It Two Countries: Agrarian Protest in
Prairie Light: The Story of Chilocco the Great Plains and Prairie Prov-
Indian School, 496-8 inces,” 517-46
Lovre, Harold O.: and Charles F. Bran- McMillen, Wheeler: agrarian perspective
nan, 41-2 of, 293-4, 296-7; and arguments for
Lux, Charles. See Miller and Lux chemurgy, 280, 294-6; becomes presi-
corporation dent of National Farm Chemurgic
Council, 274, 294; begins career in
Machinery. See Agricultural machinery journalism, 289; and Chemurgic Di-
industry, British gest, 295-6; and Farm and Fireside
Manitoba: and United Farmers of Man- (Country Home), 276, 278, 290-2;
itoba, 538 farming experience of, 289-90, 297;
Masters, William A., Government and and Farm Journal, 291, 295; Feeding
Agriculture in Zimbabwe, 493-5 Multitudes: A History of How Farmers
Material culture: and colonial New Eng- Made America Rich, 296-7; and
land agriculture, 481 Henry A. Wallace, 278; New Riches
Mauritius: beginnings of sugar industry from the Soil: The Progress of Chem-
in, 164-5; and centralization of sugar urgy, 274, 282; as possible presiden-
production, 165; and Chamber of tial candidate, 278-9, 281, 287; and
Agriculture, 166-7; colonization of, power alcohol, 275, 277-80; pre-
164; and conciliation of small plant- scribes solution to farm problem,
ers, 171-6; Department of Agricul- 272-3, 275, 288-9, 291-2; and re-
ture of, 167-8, 170, 173-5; and eco- sponse to production of synthetic
nomic depression, 166, 168, 170-1; products, 295-6; and USDA, relation-
and Labor party, 171; social stratifi- ship with, 278, 295; and William J.
cation in, 164-5; and sugar factory- Hale, 275-8, 281. See also Chemurgic
estates, 170-2; system of government movement; Chemurgy
in, 165-6; and “Uba” Riots, 166-7, McWilliams, Carey, Factories in the
171-2. See also Sugar cane Fields, 201
McCreery, David, Rural Guatemala, Meatpacking, nineteenth-century. See
1760-1940, 498-9 Miller and Lux corporation
McGaw, Judith A., ed., Early American Merwe, P. J. van der, The Migrant
Technology: Making and Doing Things Farmer in the History of Cape Colony
from the Colonial Era to 1850, 492-3 1657-1842 (trans. Roger B. Beck),
Index / 655
641-2 203-4, 209, 213-4
Mexican agriculture: and agro-industry, Miller, Catherine, Flooding the Court-
396-412; and colonization of Lacan- rooms: Law and Water in the Far
dona forest, Chiapas, 409; and com- West, 202
petition with U.S. and Canada, Miller, F Thornton, Juries and Judges
399-400; free trade agreements, effect Versus the Law: Virginia's Provincial
on, 395, 406; government invest- Legal Perspective, 1783-1828, 376-7
ments in, 398; heterogeneity of, 406; Miller, Henry. See Miller and Lux
and inefficient production, 403-5; corporation
and malnutrition, 403, 411; and non- Minneapolis Steel and Machinery Com-
traditional export crops, 401-2; and pany. See Bull Tractor Company
price fixing, 398; and rates of pro- Minneapolis Threshing Machine Com-
duction, 399; and soil erosion, 407 pany: and Moline Universal Model
Mexican Revolution: and land tenure D, 318; and response to market de-
system, 397 mands, 315; and Universal Tractor
Mexico: and agricultural exports, 401; Manufacturing Company, 318. See
and agricultural imports, 400-1; and also Tractor, gasoline-powered
deforestation, 409; Federal Constitu- Mitchell, Charles, Jr., et al., “The Effect
tion of, Article 27, 395-6, 398, 402-6, of Mechanical Harvesting Technol-
411; and infant mortality, 403, 411; ogy on Southern Piedmont Cotton
and malnutrition, 403, 411; and net Production, 1896-1991,” 349-66
trade deficit, 401; physical diversity Moshavot: agricultural diversification in,
of, 406-7, 412. See also Agro- 448-9, 452-3; and atyimal power, 450;
industry; Cattle industry, Mexican; and Arab agricultural techniques,
Ejidos; Green Revolution; North 443-4; cultural and personal back-
American Free Trade Agreement grounds of settlers, 447; and dryland
Midget Tractor Company. See Shaw- farming, 442, 444-5, 447-50, 452;
Enochs and early commercial crops, 440,
Miller and Lux corporation: and ethnic 445-6; and early traditional crops,
labor divisions, 212; and land acqui- 440, 442, 444; and European tools,
sition in California, 203-6; and land 442-5, 450; and irrigation, 444, 451;
acquisition in Nevada and Oregon, and monoculture, 440, 448, 452; and
209; management techniques, 204, soil improvement, 450-1. See also
208-10, 214-5; and Pacific Livestock Palestine
Company, 209-10; and San Francisco
capitalists, 205-6; and San Joaquin National Council of Farmer Coopera-
and Kings River Canal and Irrigation tives: and John H. Davis, 331-8
Company, 206-7, 212-3; and San Joa- National Farm Chemurgic Council: fi-
quin Valley environment, 203-4, 208, nancial support of, 274, 280; forma-
215; and Southern Pacific Railroad, tion of, 273, 277, 292-3; and power
207-8; and use of migratory labor, alcohol project at Atchison, Kansas,
211-3, 215; and vertical integration, 274, 279-80
656 / Agricultural History
National Farmers Union: and American 471; and land speculation, 480; mar-
Farm Bureau Federation, 46; com- ket orientation of, 471-7; and mate-
mitment to fixed price supports, 34, rial culture, 481; and technology,
45, 51 480-1; and women, 456, 459, 461,
National Grange: and Brannan plan, 467-71, 477. See also Labor, colonial
248-9, 253-4; and split over Brannan agricultural (New England)
plan, 244, 252-3 New England, colonial: and diet, 481;
National Tax Equality Association: op- historians’ assumptions about, 455,
position to tax exemption for coop- 462-3; significance of agriculture in,
eratives, 334-6 454-55. See also Labor, colonial agri-
Native American agriculture: and fertil- cultural (New England); Native
izer, 461; and New England colonists, Americans; Native American women
457-62; and women, 459, 461 New Uses Council. See Chemurgic
Native Americans: diet, 457-8, 460; and Movement; Chemurgy
Indian-white relations in New Eng- Noin, Daniel, and Robert Woods, eds.,
land, 456-62, 471; and size of pre- The Changing Population of Europe,
contact population in New England, 118-9
460. See also Plains cultures, Canada North American Corriente Association:
Native American women: and agricul- founding of, 554
ture, 459, 461; autonomy of in colo- North American Free Trade Agreement:
nial New England, 469-70; and mate- and Mexican agriculture, 401-2, 406;
rial culture, 481 and Mexican environment, 406-12
Native Canadian cowboys: associations Novak, James, L., et al., “The Effect of
of, 560-1; and Banff Indian Days, Mechanical Harvesting Technology
555-6; and Calgary Stampede, 557-9; on Southern Piedmont Cotton Pro-
and contributions to ranching and duction, 1896-1991,” 349-66
rodeo, 561-2; well-known, 560; and Nutrition, nineteenth-century (U.S.):
ranching, 547-54, 559-62 and Civil War, 598-9; and food avail-
Neth, Mary, Preserving the Family Farm: ability, 601-3; and pork consump-
Women, Community, and the Founda- tion, 592-4, 597-8, 601, 603. See also
tions of Agribusiness in the Midwest, Diet
1900-1940, 629-30
New England agriculture, colonial: and O’Brien, Michael, ed., An Evening When
American Revolution, 468, 480; Alone: Four Journals of Single Wornen
and Atlantic world system, 454, 480; in the South, 1827-67, 106-8
and climate change, 481; in contrast Orchard industry, California: and appeal
with southern colonial agriculture, of chemical pest control, 229-31; and
455; and economic self-sufficiency, basic lead arsenate, 235-6; and bene-
456, 471-7; and environmental his- ficial insects, 227-31; and Chinese
tory, 477-80; and geography, 456, workers, 586; and demand for eco-
477-80; historiography of, 454-81; nomic entomology, 225; effect of spe-
and Indian-white relations, 456-62, cialization on, 216-8, 239; emergence