Ageing, crime and society

295 Pages·2006·5.944 MB·English

by  Wahidin, Azrini, Cain, Maureen Elizabeth

A geing, Crim e
and S ociety
-it
wF
w
vr.<MEW
Edited by
Azrini Wahidin
WILLAN
Maureen Cain
PUBLISHING
Ageing, C rim e and Society
Ageing, Crime and Society
edited by
Azrini Wahidin
and
Maureen Cain
WILLAN
PUBLISHING
Published by
VVillan Publishing
Culmcott House
Mill Street, Uffculme
Cullompton, Devon
EX15 3AT, UK
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail: [email protected]
website: www.willanpublishing.co.uk
Published simultaneously in the USA and Canada by
Willan Publishing
c/o ISBS, 920 NE 58th Ave, Suite 300
Portland, Oregon 97213-3786, USA
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail: [email protected]
website: www.isbs.com
© editors and contributors 2006
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the
Publishers or a licence permitting copying in the UK issued by the Copyright Licensing
Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE.
Paperback
ISBN-13: 978-1-84392-152-3
ISBN-10: 1-84392-152-9
Hardback
ISBN-13: 978-1-84392-153-0
ISBN-10: 1-84392-153-7
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Typeset by CCS, Leighton Buzzard, Beds
Project management by Deer Park Productions, Tavistock, Devon
Printed and bound by T.J. International, Padstow, Cornwall
Contents
Notes on contributors vii
Foreword by Lord Ramsbotham xv
1 Ageing, crime and society: an invitation to a criminology 1
Azrini Wnhidin and Maureen Cain
2 Rethinking criminology: the case of 'ageing studies' 17
Jason L. Pozvell and Azrini Wahidin
3 Crime, abuse, and social harm: towards an integrated
approach 35
Mike Brogden and Preeti Nijhar
4 Crime and older people: the research agenda 53
Judith Phillips
5 'As if I just didn't exist' - elder abuse and neglect in
nursing homes 71
Thomas Gorgen
6 The realities of elder abuse 90
Gary Fitzgerald
7 Deconstructing distraction burglary: an ageist offence? 107
Stuart Lister and David Wall
Ageing, Crime and Society
8 Reassuring older people in relation to fear of crime 124
Alan Burnett
9 Local responses to elder abuse: building effective
prevention strategies 139
Jill Manthorpe
10 Global developments in relation to elder abuse 154
Bridget Penhale
11 'No problems - old and quiet': imprisonment in later life 171
Azrini Wahidin
12 'Unregarded age in corners thrown' 193
Debby Jaques
13 Managing the special needs of ageing prisoners in the
United States 210
Ron Aday
14 Older offenders and community penalties: a framework
for thinking 230
Gaynor Bramhall
15 Towards a better government for older people and the
policy implications in the criminal justice system 248
Mervyn Eastman
Index 264
Notes on contributors
Ronald H. Aday received his PhD in Sociology from Oklahoma State
University in 1976 with an emphasis in Gerontology and Crime and
Corrections. He is a professor and current Chair of the Department of
Sociology and Anthropology at Middle Tennessee State University.
He also served as Director of Aging from 1980-2005. Current research
is focusing on the Social, Emotional, and Health Care Needs of
Aging Female Prisoners in the Southern States. Publications include:
Wahidin, A. and Aday, R.H. (2005) 'The Needs of Older Men and
Women in the Criminal Justice System: An International Perspective',
Prison Service Journal, 160, 13-22; Aday, R.H. Aging Prisoners: Crisis
in American Corrections (Praeger Press, 2003); Aday, R.H. 'Aging
Prisoners' Concerns Toward Dying in Prison', Omega: Journal of Death
and Dying (in press).
Gaynor Bramhall is a Principal Lecturer in Criminology and Criminal
Justice at the University of Central Lancashire, Preston. Following a
Social Sciences degree at Manchester Polytechnic she went on to take
an MA in Social Work at the University of Nottingham as a Home
Office sponsored student, qualifying as a social worker at the same
time. She has previously worked as a Probation Officer in a range of
community and court settings. Her research and teaching interests
are in issues of diversity, criminal justice, media representations of
offenders and community penalties. Her recent chapters and articles
include an article with Professor Barbara Hudson entitled 'Assessing
the "Other": constructions of "Asianness" in risk assessments by
probation officers', British Journal of Criminology, Vol. 45, No. 5,
Ageing, Crime and Society
September 2005. She has also written with Helen Codd on 'Older
Offenders and Probation: A Challenge for the Future', Probation
journal, Vol 49, No 1, pp. 27-34.
Mike Brogden is Honorary Professor in the Department of Applied
Social Sciences, University of Lancaster. He recently retired from
the Chair of Criminal Justice at Queen's University, Belfast. While
most of his books are within the field of socio-legal studies, he has
written two texts on elder abuse - Crime, Abuse, and the Elderly (with
P. Nijhar), Willan Publishing, Cullompton (2000) and Geronticide:
Killing the Elderly, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London (2001).
Alan Burnett, senior policy officer with Help the Aged since 2000,
was previously a principal lecturer at the University of Portsmouth,
where he researched and taught courses in urban geography,
geography of crime, and locational conflicts. Earlier in his career he
taught Metropolitan Police cadets, was a British Council scholar in
Romania and worked for the Scottish Office. He was a local Justice of
the Peace for a decade in Portsmouth. During the last five years he has
studied and published on crime, fear of crime and older people, and
is currently conducting a joint research project on ways of combating
anxiety about crime and anti-social behaviour on the part of senior
citizens in the East Midlands and North Yorkshire with HtA and the
Suzy Lamplugh Trust. He has collaborated with the Home Office on
issues relating to crime and older people and has been involved in
training with neighbourhood wardens' schemes in a number of cities.
Maureen Cain studied sociology at the London School of Economics,
and was awarded a BA in 1959 and a PhD in 1969. After brief
research posts at LSE and Manchester, Maureen taught at Brunei
University for twelve years until she left as a senior lecturer in
1979. After a few years of short-term posts abroad and in this
country (UK), including the Institute of Criminology in Cambridge
which obligingly served as base camp, Maureen took the Chair of
Sociology at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad campus,
where she served from 1987-1995. This changed her life spiritually
and intellectually. Maureen returned to the UK in 1995 for personal
reasons, and has since worked at the University of Birmingham. In
1988 the American Society of Criminology presented her with the
Sellin Clueck Award for Contributions to International Criminology,
and from 2003-2006 she served as President of the British Society
of Criminology. Maureen's main publications include Society and the
Notes on contributors
Policeman's Role, Routledge, 1969; Marx and Engels on Law (with Alan
Hunt), Academic Press, 1979; Growing Up Good: Policing the Behaviour
of Girls in Europe (ed.), Sage, 1989; and For a Caribbean Criminology
(ed.), special double issue of Caribbean Quarterly (Mona, University of
the West Indies Press, 1996).
Mervyn Eastman began his career in the late 1960s as a welfare
assistant in East London. In the early 1970s he trained and worked in
social care relating to the needs of older people. In 1995 he co-founded
the Practitioner Alliance Against Abuse of Vulnerable Adults (PAVA)
which he chairs. Following early retirement as Director of Social
Services in a north London borough, he became Director of 'Better
Government for Older People (BGOP)' in 2001. In 1999 he was one
of four recipients of Action on Elder Abuse's Five Year Anniversary
Awards for a significant contribution to raising awareness of elder
abuse in the UK and in the same year an Honorary Doctorate was
conferred on him by Middlesex University for his work with older
people. He continues to challenge the way professionals, organisations
and society generally view older people, and considers that public
services will only radically change once older people are fully
engaged at all levels of decision making and are seen as a resource
not a health and social care drain.
Gary Fitzgerald has been with Action on Elder Abuse since 2001 and
was appointed Chief Executive on 2 April 2002. AEA is a charity that
provides information and guidance on the prevention of elder abuse.
It has sought to influence social policy to facilitate the protection of
older people and other vulnerable adults and to ensure that action
is taken when abuse is identified. AEA provides comprehensive free­
standing training packs and also a specialist cascade programme
which was developed in conjunction with Comic Relief.
Thomas Gorgen has been with the Criminological Research Institute
of Lower Saxony (KFN) in Hanover (Germany) since 2002. He
is a psychologist and has been doing empirical research in the
field of elder abuse and criminal victimisation of the elderly since
1998. Following a psychology degree at the University of Trier, he
worked as a criminological researcher at the universities of Trier and
Giessen before joining KFN. He gained a PhD in psychology from
Giessen University. He is among the German representatives of the
International Network for the Prevention of Elder Abuse (INPEA).
Thomas is currently doing a federally-funded study on 'Crime and
Ageing, Crime and Society
violence in older people's lives'. He has published on different
aspects of elderly victimisation, including elder sexual abuse, abuse
in residential settings and domestic violence in old age.
Debby Jaques is currently Head of Healthcare at HMP and YOI
Norwich. She has a degree in Nursing Practice and has over 25 years'
experience in the NHS, working mainly in Acute Trusts. She has a
special interest in the care of older prisoners.
Stuart Lister is a lecturer in criminal justice at the Centre for Criminal
Justice Studies in the School of Law, University of Leeds. Before joining
the University of Leeds, he worked as a researcher at the universities
of Oxford, Keele, and Durham. His research has largely focused
on public and private forms of policing and crime prevention. He
recently co-directed (with Adam Crawford, 2005) a series of linked
projects into visible forms of policing, including a Nuffield-funded
study of the 'extended policing family'. His books and reports
include: Bouncers: Violence and Governance in the Night-time Economy
(with D. Hobbs, P. Hadfield and S. Winlow, Oxford University Press,
2003); Evaluation of the Leeds Distraction Burglary Project (with D. Wall,
Home Office, 2004); and Plural Policing: the Mixed Economy of Visible
Security Patrols (with A. Crawford, S. Blackburn and J. Burnett, Policy
Press, 2005). He recently received (with T. Seddon and E. Wincup) a
Joseph Rowntree Foundation award to study the street policing of
problem drug users.
Jill Manthorpe is Professor of Social Work at King's College London
and co-director of the Social Care Workforce Research Unit. She
has been a trustee of Action on Elder Abuse and chairs the Adult
Protection Committee of Hull and the East Riding of Yorkshire. She
has written widely on the subject of adult protection, with books
including Institutional Abuse (eds Stanley, Manthorpe and Penhale,
Routledge) and The Age of the Inquiry (eds Stanley and Manthorpe,
Routledge) and is working on a study of partnership and regulation
in adult protection and on the Comic Relief/Department of Health
funded study of the prevalence of elder abuse being undertaken by
NatCen and King's College London.
Preeti Nijhar is a Lecturer in the Centre for Comparative Criminology
and Criminal Justice at the University of Wales, Bangor and an
Associate Lecturer at the Open University. She was a research fellow at
the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Queen's University,