After the Deluge: New Perspectives on the Intellectual and Cultural History of Postwar France PDF
Preview After the Deluge: New Perspectives on the Intellectual and Cultural History of Postwar France
AFTER THE DELUGE AFTER THE EMPIRE: THE FRANCOPHONE WORLD AND POSTCOLONIAL FRANCE Series Editor VaIerie Orlando, Illinois Wesleyan University Advisory Board Robert Bemasconi, Memphis University Alec Hargreaves, Florida State University Chima Korieh, Central Michigan University Franc;oise Lionnet, UCLA Obioma Nnaemeka, Indiana University Kamal Salhi, University of Leeds Tracy D. Sharpley-Whiting, Hamilton College Frank Ukadike, Tulane University Dedicated to the promotion of intellectual thought on and about the Fran cophone world, After the Empire publishes original works that explore the arts, politics, history, and culture that have developed in complex negotiations with the French colonial influence. The series also looks at the Hexagon and its bor ders, and at the transgressions of those borders that problematize notions of French identity and expression. Of Suffocated Hearts and Tortured Souls: Seeking Subjecthood through Mad ness in Francophone Women's Writing of Africa and the Caribbean, by Valerie Orlando Francophone Post-Colonial Cultures: Critical Essays, edited by Kamal Salhi In Search of Shelter: Subjectivity and Spaces of Loss in the Fiction of Paule Constant, by Margot Miller French Civilization and Its Discontents: Nationalism, Colonialism, Race, edited by Tyler Stovall and Georges Van Den Abbeele After the Deluge: New Perspectives on Postwar French Intellectual and Cultural History, edited by Julian Bourg with an Afterword by Franc;ois Dosse Remnants of Empire in Algeria and Vietnam: Women, Words, and War; by Pamela A. Pears Packaging PostlColoniality: The Manufacture of Literary Identity in the Fran cophone World, by Richard Watts The Production of the Muslim Woman: Negotiating Text, History, and Ideology, by Lamia Ben Youssef Zayzafoon AAFFTTEERR TTHHEE DDEELLUUGGEE NNeeww PPeerrssppeeccttiivveess oonn tthhee IInntteelllleeccttuuaall aanndd CCuullttuurraall HHiissttoorryy ooff PPoossttwwaarr FFrraannccee EEddiitteedd bbyy JJuulliiaann BBoouurrgg LLEEXXIINNGGTTOONN BBOOOOKKSS LLaannhhaamm •• BBoouullddeerr •• NNeeww YYoorrkk •• TToorroonnttoo •• OOxxffoorrdd LEXINGTON BOOKS Published in the United States of America by Lexington Books An imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 PO Box 317 Oxford OX29RU,UK Copyright © 2004 by Lexington Books All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data After the deluge: new perspectives on the intellectual and cultural history of postwar France! edited by Julian Bourg. p. cm. - (After the empire) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN: 978-0-7391-0792-8 1. France-Civilization-1945-2. France-Intellectual life-20th century. 3. France-Social life and customs-20th century. 4. France-Politics and government-1945-5. France-Social conditions-194S- 1. Bourg, Julian, 1969-H. Series. DC33.7.A62004 194-dc22 2004010874 Printed in the United States of America QTM ~ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSIINISO Z39.48-1992. CCOONNTTEENNTTSS AAcckknnoowwlleeddggmmeennttss VVIIII IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn JJuulliiaann BBoouurrgg II.. HHIISSTTOORRIICCIIZZIINNGG FFRREENNCCHH IINNTTEELLLLEECCTTUUAALL CCUULLTTUURREE IIss TThheerree SSuucchh aa TThhiinngg aass ""FFrreenncchh PPhhiilloossoopphhyy""?? oorr WWhhyy DDoo WWee RReeaadd tthhee FFrreenncchh SSoo BBaaddllyy?? 2211 AAllaann DD., SScchhrriifftt 22 AAggaaiinnsstt CCaappiittaalliissmm?? FFrreenncchh TThheeoorryy aanndd tthhee EEccoonnoommyy aafftteerr 11994455 4499 WWiilllliiaamm GGaalllloaiiss 33 TThhee PPoosstt--MMaarrxx ooff tthhee LLeetttteerr 7733 WWaarrrreenn BBrreecckkmmaann I1I1.. 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RReeppuubblliiccaanniissmm,. aanndd DDeeppoolliittiicciizzaattiioonn::TTwwoo IInntteelllleeccttuuaall IIttiinneerraarriieess--RReeggiiss DDeebbrraayy aanndd MMaarrcceell GGaauucchheett 332255 MMiicchhoaeell BBeehhrreenntt AAfftteerrwwoorrdd:: FFoorr IInntteelllleeccttuuaall HHiissttoorryy 335533 FFrroann<c;;ooiiss DDoossssee BBiibblliiooggrraapphhyy 336677 IInnddeexx 440011 AAbboouutt tthhee CCoonnttrriibbuuttoorrss 442233 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS An edited collection is a collaborative enterprise, and an editor's work is made gratifYing, dare I say enjoyable, by the quality of the contributions that arrive. It has been my good fortune to have worked with fourteen ex emplars of thorough, thoughtful, and relevant scholarship, and I thank the authors for their comments and criticisms, patience with endless requests, and timely replies. Serena Krombach believed in this project and brought it to light-I am indebted to her, full stop. I am furthermore grateful to Robert Carley, Kimberly Ball Smith, and the rest of the Lexington Books staff. Martin Jay brought his usual rapid fire acumen to a draft of the introduction, and Marie-Pierre Le Hir's assessment of the entire manuscript improved it considerably. A Mellon Post doctoral Fellowship in Interdisciplinary Studies at Washington Univer sity in St. Louis provided the basic support for this project, and I would like to thank Mechelen Dachshund, Daniel Geary, Jennie Sutton, the good folks at Kaldi's, and my colleagues at Wash U-John Bowen, Howard Brick, David Ciepley, Gerald Izenberg, Martin Jacobs, Hillel Kieval, Linda Nichol son, and Steven Zwicker-for their stimulation and encouragement. This vol ume, or my part in it, is dedicated to my parents. vii INTRODUCTION Julian Bourg Few figures of contemporary history have been as booed and ballyhooed as the postwar French intellectual. The authors of incomprehensible babble, the last-standing fashioners of critical dissent and sublime inSight, the su percilious inhabitants of the Parisian left bank, the sexy heroes of anti authoritarian free thought-French intellectuals gained a reputation, an aura, in the twentieth century that preceded, accompanied, and even seems to have outlasted them. As a matter of Western cultural stereotype, Amer ica, one might say, has had the dollar, England a queen, Germany cars, and France a set of products exported alongside its famous cheeses and wines, namely, men and women who think and write (or paint or make films) and who sometimes take public stands on politics. The successive waves are fa miliar to many. There was 1950s existentialism and, with others, the domi nating though squat Jean-Paul Sartre delivering philosophy from the semi nar room to the corner cafe. Then came 1960s and 1970s "French theory," its staggering success driving the once-swollen, now-deflated term post modernism. If by the late twentieth century there was a precipitous decline in the international influence of French intellectuals, coupled with a sus tained breast-beating in France about the crisis and malaise of domestic in tellectual life, nevertheless, for large stretches of the recently past "short century," French thinkers and their ideas circulated throughout the world with an untold influence on academic and popular culture.
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