Aerodynamics of Tandem Wing Aircraft: From Dinosaurs to UAVs and Supersonic Planes

183 Pages·2023·10.051 MB·English

by  Illia Kryvokhatko

Illia Kryvokhatko
Aerodynamics
of Tandem
Wing Aircraft
From Dinosaurs to UAVs and Supersonic
Planes
Aerodynamics of Tandem Wing Aircraft
Illia Kryvokhatko
Aerodynamics of Tandem
Wing Aircraft
From Dinosaurs to UAVs and Supersonic
Planes
IlliaKryvokhatko
E&DProductDevelopment;Mechanical&Aerospace
SAMIAdvancedElectronics
Riyadh,SaudiArabia
ISBN978-3-031-23776-8 ISBN978-3-031-23777-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23777-5
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ToKatia,Alisa,andViliawhowaswaitingfor
this book for so long.
Preface
The author’s objective in this book was to present information on tandem wings’
aerodynamicsina comprehensive, intelligible,and relatively interestingmannerto
students of aerospace specialties, aircraft engineers, aircraft model designers, and
researchers. Also, it may be attractive (except Chap. 2, as there are too many
formulas) to a wide range of readers who are curious about aircraft history and
development.
The author believes the given work will be helpful not only for designers
intending to develop a tandem wing aircraft but for aerodynamicists in general.
There are a lot of features (such as interference of lifting surfaces resulting in
additionallongitudinalandlateralmomentsandalteringtheeffectivenessofcontrol
surfaces, interaction of free vortices, stability, and trimming tuning) that may be
usefulinadjacentfieldsofscience.Allofitmakestheaerodynamicsoftandemwing
aircraftmorecomplicatedthanconventionallayoutbutmoreexcitingtostudy.
The book is based on the author’s PhD thesis (2015, in Ukrainian) with major
improvementsandadditionsfromdifferent studiesbetween2015and2022.Inthis
work, many remarks of aerodynamic experts were taken into account; the aircraft
reviewwassignificantlysupplementedwithrecentexamples;herearenewresearch
sections about the connection between geometric parameters and aerodynamic
characteristics (influence of airfoils and setting angles, dihedral angles of the
wings, control surface effectiveness, installation of winglets, features of foldable
configuration), recommendations regarding general development of tandem wing
aircraft,etc.
Riyadh,SaudiArabia IlliaKryvokhatko
vii
Acknowledgments
The author is grateful to professor Vitalii V. Sukhov for suggesting the topic of
research and encouragement to write a book after the PhD thesis was done; to
Oleksandr M.Masko forproviding3Dmodel forCFD research(Sect. 3.7) aswell
as technology and equipment for the wind tunnel model manufacturing; to
Oleksandr V. Pulava for his help in the manufacturing of the abovementioned
model; to professor Yevhenii O. Shkvar for CFD consulting; to Mihail
D. Melnikov for consulting regarding the experiment; to Volodymyr I. Andrus for
consultingregardingaircraftstaticstability;toKonstantinO.Predachenkoforcritics
ofthemethodandforillustrationsoftheaircraftinChap.1;toNataliiaP.Tsentylo
forinvaluablehelpwitharrangementofthewindtunneltest;toYuriiV.Yakovlev
forcollaborationandsharingvaluableexperimentaldata.
Theauthordoesnotclaimtobeadesignerofanyaircraftmentionedinthebook.
ix
Contents
1 HistoricalReview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 DeterminationofTandemWingAircraftAerodynamic
Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3 EffectofGeometricParametersonAerodynamic
Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4 RecommendationsRegardingAerodynamicDesign
ofTandemWingAircraft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Index. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
xi
About the Author
Illia Kryvokhatko graduated with honors from Faculty of Aerospace Systems
(currently Institute of Aerospace Technologies) of National Technical University
ofUkraine“IgorSikorskyKPI”in2010(MasterofAerospace).
From 2009 to 2015 – Aerodynamic engineer in wind tunnel lab at Antonov
Company(Kyiv,Ukraine).
In2015hedefendedPhDthesisinspecialtyAerodynamicsandGasDynamicsof
Aircraft. The topic was Method of Aerodynamic Characteristics Determination for
Tandem-SchemeAircraft.ProfessorVitaliiV.Sukhovwasascientificadvisor.
From 2015 to 2020 – Head of Aircraft Aerodynamic Design sector at Antonov
Company.
From2012to2020–part-timeLecturer/AssociateProfessoratNationaltechnical
university of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky KPI” Lecturing of disciplines Aerodynamics
and Hydraulics, Aircraft Aerodynamics, Computational fluid dynamics, Modern
design of aircraft. Lecturing and Lab works in Experimental Aerodynamics (wind
tunneltests).Scientificadvisorofbachelors(19people)andmasters(19people).
Since2020theauthorhasbeenworkingasLeadAerospaceSystemsAnalystin
SAMIAdvancedElectronics(Riyadh,SaudiArabia).
xiii
Symbols and Abbreviations
AC AerodynamicCharacteristics
FWL FuselageWaterline
GEV Ground-EffectVehicle
HT HorizontalTail
MAC MeanAerodynamicChord
UAV UnmannedAerialVehicle
VT VerticalTail
index Forwardwing(inothersources:fore,front,leading)
1
index Rearwing(inothersources:hind,aft,back,trailing)
2
index Equivalentwing
eq
indexI Normalscheme
indexII Tandemwingconfiguration
index Fuselage
fus
a=∂CL/∂α Liftslope(derivativeofliftcoefficientversusangleofattack)
a0=∂Cl/∂α Airfoilliftslope
AR=b2/S Aspectratioofthewings
AR Effectiveaspectratioofthewings
eff
b Wingspan;averagespanofforwardandrearwings
c Chord;exceedance(differenceinrearandforwardwingspans)
Сd Airfoildragcoefficient(2D)
C(cid:1) Airfoildragcoefficientofrearwingathighturbulence
d2
CDisol Dragcoefficientofisolatedwings(nointerference)
CDint Dragcoefficientofthewingsunderinterference
СD Dragcoefficient(3D)
СD0 Dragcoefficientatzerolift(CL=0)
CDmin Minimumdragcoefficient
СDі Induceddragcoefficient
Cf Skin-frictioncoefficient
Cl Liftcoefficientofanairfoil(2D);rollingmomentcoefficient
xv