Advocacy skills for health and social care professionals PDF
Preview Advocacy skills for health and social care professionals
Advocacy Skills for Health and Social Care Professionals ofrelated interest Advocacy,CounsellingandMediationinCasework ProcessesofEmpowerment EditedbyYvonneJoanCraig ForewordbyDaphneStatham ISBN185302564X ExploringExperiencesofAdvocacybyPeople withLearningDisabilities TestimoniesofResistance EditedbyDuncanMitchell,RannveigTraustadottir,RohhssChapman, LouiseTownson,NigelInghamandSueLedger ISBN1843103591 AdvocacyandLearningDisability EditedbyBarryGrayandRobinJackson ISBN1853029424 RiskandRiskTakinginHealthandSocialWelfare MikeTitterton ISBN1853024821 CompetenceinSocialWorkPractice APracticalGuideforProfessionals EditedbyKieranO’Hagan ISBN1853023329 UserInvolvementandParticipationinSocialCare ResearchInformingPractice EditedbyHazelKemshallandRosemaryLittlechild ISBN1853027774 RiskAssessmentinSocialCareandSocialWork EditedbyPhyllidaPar sloe ISBN1853026891 ResearchHighlightsinSocialWork36 CollaborationinSocialWorkPractice EditedbyJennyWeinstein,ColinWhittingtonandTonyLeiba ISBN1843100924 GoodPracticewithVulnerableAdults EditedbyJackiPritchard ISBN1853029823 GoodPracticeinSocialWork9 Advocacy Skills for Health and Social Care Professionals Neil Bateman Jessica Kingsley Publishers London and Philadelphia Previous editionAdvocacy Skills: A Handbook for Human Service Professionals published by Aldershot: Ashgate Arena in 1995. This edition published in the United Kingdom in 2000 by Jessica Kingsley Publishers 116 Pentonville Road London N1 9JB, UK and 400 Market Street, Suite 400 Philadelphia PA 19106, USA. www.jkp.com Copyright © Neil Bateman 2000 Second impression 2001 Third impression 2006 The right ofNeil Bateman to be identified as author ofthis work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use ofthis publication) without the written permission ofthe copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms ofa licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission to reproduce any part ofthis publication should be addressed to the publisher. Warning: The doing ofan unauthorised act in relation to a copyright work may result in both a civil claim for damages and criminal prosecution. Library ofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the Library ofCongress British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN-13: 978 1 85302 865 6 ISBN-10: 1 85302 865 7 ISBN pdfeBook: 1 84642 157 8 Printed and Bound in Great Britain by Athenaeum Press, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear Contents preface 7 acknowledgements 11 Part 1 Contexts 1 What advocacy is, why it matters and why it happens 15 2 Ethical principles for effective advocacy 45 3 Advocacy in action 64 Part 2 The advocate’s skills 4 Introduction to Part 2 81 5 Interviewing 83 6 Assertiveness and force 99 7 Negotiation 114 8 Self-management 123 9 Legal knowledge and research 138 10 Litigation 158 11 A structure for advocacy 170 12 What next? 181 subject index 183 author index 185 Once again for Julie, Jessica, Caitlin and Calum Preface Thefirsteditionofthisbookwaspublishedin1995byArenawiththetitle, Advocacy Skills – A Handbook for Human Service Professionals. The book generated much interest, becoming a recommended text on a number of professionaltrainingcoursesforsocialworkersandnurses.Itsoldoutand waseventranslatedintoJapanese.Itwasthefirstbookonadvocacyskillsfor peopleinsocialwork,nursingoradviceworkintheUKandIhopethatit helpedtoensurethatadvocacybecamebetterrecognisedbothasalegitimate activityandasaskillinitself.Thiseditionofthebookbuildsonfeedback about the first edition and it has also been updated. Advocacy often involves challenging accepted norms and rules that restrict people’s lives. By demonstrating the skills of advocacy, this book aims,primarily,tohelpindividualsworkinginwelfareorganisationsbecome effectiveadvocatesonbehalfoftheircustomers/serviceusers.Asdiscussed later, the term ‘client’ is used in the book. Whothisbookisfor Manypeopleworkinginmanydifferentsettingsinhealthandsocialcareact asadvocates.Theymightbesocialworkers,nurses,adviceworkers,members of the clergy, people working in education or housing officials. They may also be trade union officials who act as advocates for their members. This bookisaimedatth emandnotatlawyerswhoneedmorespecialisttextsto take account of the type of advocacy they undertake, but some of the chapters, including those on negotiation and interviewing, might still be usefulforthem.Forsimplicity,Idescribepeoplewhoundertakeadvocacyas ‘advocates’. Whatthisbookexplains Successfuladvocacyissatisfying;unsuccessfuladvocacyisnotsatisfying.You canbecomeabetteradvocatebyadoptingtheapproachesdiscussedinthis book, and by using advocacy effectively your clients will be more empowered and better protected. 7 8 ADVOCACY SKILLS FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE PROFESSIONALS Itissadthatadvocacyisoftenassumedtobeaskillthatonesimplyeither has or hasn’t got. This is not so; advocacy is a skill as much as any other methodof helpingpeopleisaskill.Manybelievethatthekeytoeffective advocacyliesinhavinggoodtechnicalknowledge.Whilegoodknowledge isessentialandcanboostone’sconfidence,onitsownitisnoteffectiveunless combined with effective advocacy skills. Itismybeliefthatimportantasgoodtechnicalorlegalknowledgeis,one does not need to have several years’ technical or legal training to be an effectiveadvocate.Advocacyisaskillthatordinarypeople,doingordinary jobshelpingothers,useeverydayandispartofhelpingothersachievetheir fullpotential.Advocacycansetwrongstorightsandisattheheartof the helping process. Advocacy can empower the powerless and give people a voice. Advocacy is caring about injustice. Indeed,advocacyisthereasonwhymanypeoplechoosetoworkinthe helpingprofessions.Caringaboutthewaypeoplearetreatedandfeelingthat youcandosomethingtohelpiswhymostofusdecidedtotakeonsuchjobs. Credible professionals are prepared to raise uncomfortable issues and to highlightwherethingsarewrong.Failuretodosoistoretreatintothesafe haven of bureaucracy, and few people choose to work in the welfare state because they want to be mere bureaucrats! Allmannerofwelfareprofessionalsengageinadvocacyandtheyenjoyit becauseitcanproducemomentsintheirworkingliveswhentheyfeelthey have helped someone and righted a wrong. Junior housing officers may argue with their superiors about why a family should be rehoused; social workersmaypushforsomeonetogetextrahelporbenefitsandnursesmay arguewithmanagersanddoctorsthat,despitethecost,apatientshouldget particulartreatment.Effectivebenefitofficialswilllookforafavourablelegal interpretationtogetextrabenefitforaclaimantevenif theirmanagertells them not to. Advocacy is no t easy. It involves you in extra work and you may meet resistancefrompeers,superiorsandcolleaguesinexternalorganisations.But it can also save you extra work in the long run. Advocacycanalsoinvolvelookingatcomplexissuesoffactandlawthat mayhavetogotocourtorwhichgototheheartofsomeone’streatmentof anotherperson,soit’shardlysurprisingthatadvocacyiscontroversial.The effectiveadvocatemaywellbechallengingacceptedpracticeanddisrupting cosy professional relationships. The advocate is also likely to be acting on behalf of people who are not universally popular. People who use public welfare services are often poor and marginalised. They may be homeless, theymayexhibitchallengingbehaviourandmayhavecriminalrecords.They
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