Advances in Prostate Cancer

700 Pages·2013·12.536 MB·English

by  Gerhard Hamilton (editor)

ADVANCES IN PROSTATE
CANCER
Edited by Gerhard Hamilton
ADVANCES IN PROSTATE
CANCER
Edited by Gerhard Hamilton
Advances in Prostate Cancer
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/45948
Edited by Gerhard Hamilton
Contributors
Glenn Tisman, Elba Vazquez, Geraldine Gueron, Javier Cotignola, Miguel Álvarez-Múgica, Ugo Rovigatti, Vildan Bozok
Çetintaş, Burçin Tezcanlı Kaymaz, Buket Kosova, Soon Cheol Ahn, Hak-Jong Choi, Kwang-Youn Kim, Sun-Nyoung Yu,
Sang-Hun Kim, Sung-Sik Chun, Yeong-Min Park, Yong-Lark Choi, Sun-Yi Lee, Prada, Peng Lee, Mandeep Singh, Yirong
Li, Garrett Daniels, Sujata Persad, Jacqueline R Ha, YuHao D Huang, Amit Persad, Meyers, Jutta Engel, Martin Dörr,
Anne Schlesinger-Raab, Guangchao Sui, Daniel Stovall, Mario Bernardo-Filho, Mauro Luis Barbosa Júnior, Adele
Holloway, Suyin Chin, Joanne L Dickinson, Luis Espinoza, Jorge Salvador, Vânia Moreira, Samuel Silvestre, Shinji Kariya,
Tine Hajdinjak, Luke Robles, Cheryl Dawn Helgason, Francesco Crea, Pier-Luc Clermont, Zachary Klaassen, Ray S. King,
Kelvin A. Moses, Rabii Madi, Martha Terris, Manuela Iezzi, Rossano Lattanzio, Alessia Lamolinara, Mauro Piantelli,
James Norris, Faik Atroshi, Sarah Rudman, Christopher Sweeney, Gerhard Hamilton
Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2013 InTech
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Publishing Process Manager Iva Simcic
Technical Editor InTech DTP team
Cover InTech Design team
First published January, 2013
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Advances in Prostate Cancer, Edited by Gerhard Hamilton
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0932-7

Contents
Preface IX
Section 1 Epidemiology and Etiology 1
Chapter 1 Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer 3
Martin Dörr, Anne Schlesinger-Raab and Jutta Engel
Chapter 2 Is There an Infectious Agent Behind Prostate Cancer? 19
Ugo Rovigatti
Section 2 Supporitve Care 61
Chapter 3 Psychological and Social Factors influencing Patients’
Treatment Selection for Localised Prostate Cancer 63
Luke A Robles, Shihning Chou, Owen J Cole, Akhlil Hamid, Amanda
Griffiths and Kavita Vedhara
Chapter 4 The Role of Physiotherapy in the Pre and Post Treatment
Interventions in Prostate Cancer Patients 79
Mario Bernardo Filho and Mauro Luis Barbosa Júnior
Section 3 Surgical Care and Radiation Therapy 103
Chapter 5 Abdominoperineal Resection: Consideration and Limitations
of Prostate Cancer Screening and Prostate Biopsy 105
Zachary Klaassen, Ray S. King, Kelvin A. Moses, Rabii Madi and
Martha K. Terris
Chapter 6 Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer 117
Shinji Kariya
VI Contents
Chapter 7 High-Dose-Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy as Monotherapy in
One Fraction for the Treatment of Favorable Stage
Prostate Cancer 145
Pedro J. Prada
Section 4 Prostate Cancer Markers 155
Chapter 8 Testosterone Measurement and Prostate Cancer 157
Tine Hajdinjak
Chapter 9 Describing Prostate Cancer Dynamics: Second Look at PSA-
Doubling Time and PSA-Specific Growth Rate 177
Glenn Tisman
Section 5 Medical Treatment 217
Chapter 10 Rational Categorization of the Pipeline of New Treatments for
Advanced Cancer – Prostate Cancer as an Example 219
Sarah M. Rudman, Peter G. Harper and Christopher J. Sweeney
Chapter 11 Novel Therapeutic Settings in the Treatment of Castration-
Resistant Prostate Cancer 251
Miguel Álvarez Múgica, Jesús M. Fernández Gómez, Antonio Jalón
Monzón, Erasmo Miguelez García and Francisco Valle González
Chapter 12 Steroidal CYP17 Inhibitors for Prostate Cancer Treatment: From
Concept to Clinic 275
Jorge A. R. Salvador, Vânia M. Moreira and Samuel M. Silvestre
Chapter 13 Intermittent Androgen Suppression Therapy for Prostate
Cancer Patients: An Update 305
Gerhard Hamilton and Gerhard Theyer
Section 6 Cell Biology of Prostate Cancer 331
Chapter 14 Stem Cells and Prostate Cancer 333
Vildan Bozok Çetintaş, Burçin Tezcanlı Kaymaz and Buket Kosova
Chapter 15 Salinomycin-Induced Apoptosis in Human Prostate
Cancer Cells 361
Hak-Jong Choi, Kwang-Youn Kim, Sun-Nyoung Yu, Sang-Hun Kim,
Sung-Sik Chun, Hak-Sun Yu, Yeong-Min Park and Soon-Cheol Ahn
Contents VII
Chapter 16 Natural Compounds, Antioxidant and Antiandrogens in the
Prevention of Prostate Cancer: In vivo Evidences from Murine
Models and Human Clinical Studies 377
Rossano Lattanzio, Alessia Lamolinara, Mauro Piantelli and
Manuela Iezzi
Chapter 17 Prostate Cancer, Inflammation and Antioxidants 401
Marika Crohns, Tuomas Westermarck and Faik Atroshi
Chapter 18 Inflammatory Microenvironment in Prostate
Carcinogenesis 423
Geraldine Gueron, Javier Cotignola and Elba Vazquez
Section 7 Role of Androgen Receptor 463
Chapter 19 Expression and Function of Stromal Androgen Receptor in
Prostate Cancer 465
Mandeep Singh and Peng Lee
Chapter 20 Prostate Cancer Progression to Androgen Independent Disease:
The Role of the PI3K/AKT Pathway 473
Jacqueline R Ha, Yu Hao D Huang, Amit Persad and Sujata Persad
Section 8 Non-Androgen Gene Transcripts in Prostate Cancer 519
Chapter 21 Non-Androgen Regulated Transcription Factors as Novel
Potential Targets for Prostate Cancer Therapy 521
J. Nathan Davis, Adam H. Greer, Thomas Yong and Shari Meyers
Chapter 22 Trithorax Genes in Prostate Cancer 539
Pier-Luc Clermont, Francesco Crea and Cheryl D. Helgason
Chapter 23 The Function of YY1 and Its Oncogenic Role in
Prostate Cancer 563
Daniel B. Stovall and Guangchao Sui
Chapter 24 The Role of PARP Activation in Prostate Cancer 589
Luis A. Espinoza
VIII Contents
Section 9 Cell Adhesion Proteins in Prostate Cancer 617
Chapter 25 Integrins in Prostate Cancer Invasion and Metastasis 619
Paulynn Chin Suyin, Joanne Louise Dickinson and Adele Frances
Holloway
Chapter 26 The Role of E-Cadherin-Catenin Complex in Prostate Cancer
Progression 639
Anuradha K. Murali and James S. Norris
Preface
“Advances in Prostate Cancer” is an addition to the InTech collection of three previous
books about prostate cancer and aims at providing a comprehensive overview of specific
aspects of the latest research and current knowledge relating to this tumor entity to
scientists and clinicians. For this purpose a series of research articles, clinical investigations
and reviews that deal with a wide range of relevant aspects pertinent to the epidemiology,
diagnosis, patient care, treatment and basic biology of prostate cancer were included.
Thereby this book aptly adds to the other InTech titles in the field of oncology, that describe
advances in cancer therapy, diagnosis and treatment of various cancers with reference to the
cancer stem cell concept.
The numerous participating authors of this book shared their expertise in epidemiology and
etiology, as well as supportive care, which comprises the handling of psychological
challenges and effects of physiotherapy in coping with the consequences of prostate cancer
treatment. State-of-the-art radiation therapy is moreover discussed as well as the
significance of testosterone and PSA measurements, the latter in form of a novel internet
“App” that helps to interpret the time course of the marker determinations on the outcome.
After many years of limited means to treat advanced prostate cancer several new agents
such as CYP17 inhibitors and new cytotoxic drugs, as well as a cancer vaccine, became
available, which poses new questions in regard to patient selection and appropriate choice
of medical care. These topics comprehensively discussed in several chapters are
supplemented by a review of the current state of intermittent androgen suppression versus
continuous hormone ablation. These chapters are complemented by a number of discussions
on the some characteristics of the cell biology of prostate cancer, including cancer stem cells,
inflammatory processes, roles of androgen receptor and diverse non-androgen gene
transcripts and, furthermore, cell adhesion proteins. This book is therefore destined to all
cancer researchers and therapists who intend to understand the current status of cell biology
and treatment of prostate cancer.
As editor of this book, I would like to acknowledge the significant efforts made by all of the
contributing authors for their excellent work as well as the entire Intech editorial team in
publishing of this volume. I would like to dedicate this book to the “Ludwig Boltzmann
Society” and, in particular, to Prof. Dr. Gerhard Baumgartner whose long-standing support
has allowed for the successful realization of many scientific projects. Last but not least, I
would like to thank my wife for her personal support and great patience at all times.
Gerhard Hamilton, PhD
Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology