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ADVANCES IN NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS Concepts and Applications ADVANCES IN NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS Concepts and Applications Edited by Sreerag Gopi, PhD Preetha Balakrishnan, PhD First edition published 2022 Apple Academic Press Inc. CRC Press 1265 Goldenrod Circle, NE, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Palm Bay, FL 32905 USA Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 USA 4164 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, 2 Park Square, Milton Park, ON, L7L 1A4 Canada Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN UK © 2022 Apple Academic Press, Inc. Apple Academic Press exclusively co-publishes with CRC Press, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected] Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Advances in nutraceuticals and functional foods : concepts and applications / edited by Sreerag Gopi, PhD, Preetha Balakrishnan, PhD. Names: Gopi, Sreerag, editor. | Balakrishnan, Preetha, editor. Description: First edition. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20210367172 | Canadiana (ebook) 20210367296 | ISBN 9781774637524 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781774637531 (softcover) | ISBN 9781003277088 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Functional foods. | LCSH: Functional foods—Health aspects. | LCSH: Functional foods—Nutritional aspects. Classification: LCC QP144.F85 A38 2022 | DDC 613.2—dc23 Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data CIP data on file with US Library of C o ngress ISBN: 978-1-77463-752-4 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-77463-753-1 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-00327-708-8 (ebk) About the Editors Sreerag Gopi, PhD Chief Scientific Officer, ADSO Naturals, India; Vice President, CureSupport, The Netherlands, Mobile: +91-8594023331, E-mail: [email protected] Sreerag Gopi, PhD, is a Chief Scientific Officer at ADSO Naturals, India, and Vice President at CureSupport, The Netherlands. He graduated with a degree in Chemistry from Calicut Univer sity, Kerala, India, and an advanced degree from Madras Christian College, Chennai, India. He is a recipient of a prestigious Erasmus Mundus Fellowship from the European Union during his PhD period. He is a materials chemist and nanomaterials scientist and has expertise in nanomaterial synthesis, characterization, biocomposites for natural products, and biomedical and water purification experiments. He has published over 20 peer-reviewed international papers and several book chapters and also has book projects in the works with several publishers, including the Royal Society of Chemistry, Springer, Wiley. He was selected as an Associate Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2018, and he is a chartered member of Royal Austra lian Chemical Institute. Preetha Balakrishnan, PhD Principal Scientist, QA, QC, ADSO Naturals India, and Curesupport, The Netherlands, Mobile: +91-7025921175 E-mails: [email protected] Preetha Balakrishnan, PhD, is the principal scientist, QA, QC, at ADSO Naturals, India, and at CureSupport, Netherlands. She graduated in Chemistry from Calicut University, Kerala, India, and earned her postgraduate degree at Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, with a gold medal and first rank. She is a recipient of prestigious INSPIRE Fellowship from the Government of India. She was a postdoctoral vi About the Editors researcher in the research group of Professor Sabu Thomas, Vice Chancellor, a renowned scientist in this area who has sustained international acclaims for his work in polymer science and engineering, polymer nanocomposites, elastomers, polymer blends, interpenetrating polymer networks, polymer membranes, green composites and nanocomposites, nanomedicine, and green nanotechnology. She completed her PhD in Chemistry at Mahatma Gandhi University under Dr. Thomas’s guidance. She has visited many foreign universities as a part of her research activities and has published over 15 research articles and over 20 book chapters. She has edited ten books with leading publishers, including Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, and the Royal Society of Chemistry. Dr. Balakrishnan has received a number of national and international presentation awards. She also worked as a guest lecturer in chemistry at the Department of Chemistry, Morning Star Home Science College, Angamaly, Kerala, India. Contents Contributors ...................................................................................................... ix Abbreviations .................................................................................................... xiii Preface .............................................................................................................. xvii 1. Introduction to Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals ........................ 1 Luana Pulvirenti and Angela Paterna 2. Advanced Nanocarriers for Nutraceuticals Based on Structured Lipid and Nonlipid .................................................................................. 29 Shafiullah, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Ismail Shah, Shujat Ali, Aziz Ullah, Samiullah Burki, and Mohammad Shoaib 3. Nanoparticulate Approaches for Improved Nutrient Bioavailability .. 59 Abdul Qadir, Mohd. Aqil, and Dipak Kumar Gupta 4. Adulteration and Safety Issues in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods ........................................................................................................ 79 Shujat Ali, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Muhammad Zareef, Muhammad Arslan, Md. Mehedi Hassan, Shujaat Ahmad, Imdad Ali, Mumtaz Ali, and Shafi Ullah 5. Nutraceuticals‑Loaded Nano‑Sized Delivery Systems: Potential Use in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer .................................. 105 Mohammed Jafar, Syed Sarim Imam, Sultan Alshehri, Chandra Kala, and Ameeduzzafar Zafar 6. Nutrition Nutraceuticals: A Proactive Approach for Healthcare ....... 123 Conor P. Akintola, Dearbhla Finnegan, Niamh Hunt, Richard Lalor, Sandra O’Neill, and Christine Loscher 7. Bioactive Proteins and Peptides as Functional Foods ......................... 173 Deepa Thomas and M. S. Latha 8. News and Trends in the Development of Functional Foods: Probiotic Dairy and Non‑Dairy Products ............................................. 199 Eliane Maurício Furtado Martins, Wellingta Cristina Almeida do Nascimento Benevenuto, Aurélia Dornelas de Oliveira Martins, Augusto Aloísio Benevenuto Junior, Isabela Campelo de Queiroz, Thainá de Melo Carlos Dias, Daniela Aparecida Ferreira Souza, Daniele De Almeida Paula, and Maurílio Lopes Martins viii Contents 9. Microencapsulation: An Alternative for the Application of Probiotic Cells in the Food and Nutraceuticals Industries ................. 239 Daniele De Almeida Paula, Carini Aparecida Lelis, and Nataly De Almeida Costa 10. Nutraceuticals‑Based Nano‑Formulations: An Overview Through Clinical Validations ................................................................. 277 Shelly Singh and Shilpa Sharma 11. Growth Patterns, Emerging Opportunities, and Future Trends in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods.................................................... 311 Asad Ur Rehman, Salman Akram, and Thierry Vandamme Index .................................................................................................................. 347 Contributors Shujaat Ahmad Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (Upper), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Conor P. Akintola Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland Salman Akram University of Strasbourg, CNRS 7199, Faculty of Pharmacy, 74 Route du Rhin, CS – 60024, 67401 ILLKIRCH CEDEX, France Imdad Ali H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi – 75270, Pakistan Mumtaz Ali Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa – 18800, Pakistan Shujat Ali School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang – 212013, P. R. China; College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China, E-mail: [email protected] Sultan Alshehri Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Mohd. Aqil Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road, New Delhi – 110062, India, E-mail: [email protected] Muhammad Arslan School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang – 212013, P. R. China Wellingta Cristina Almeida do Nascimento Benevenuto Federal Institute of Southeast of Minas Gerais, Food Science and Technology Department (DCTA/IF Sudeste MG), Rio Pomba, MG, CEP – 36180-000, Brazil Samiullah Burki Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan Nataly De Almeida Costa Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), P.H. Rolfs Avenue, Campus, Viçosa – 36570-900, MG, Brazil Thainá de Melo Carlos Dias Federal Institute of Southeast of Minas Gerais, Food Science and Technology Department (DCTA/IF Sudeste MG), Rio Pomba, MG, CEP – 36180-000, Brazil Dearbhla Finnegan Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland