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Advances in Computerized Analysis in Clinical and Medical Imaging Advances in Computerized Analysis in Clinical and Medical Imaging Edited by J. Dinesh Peter Steven Lawrence Fernandes Carlos Eduardo Thomaz CRCPress Taylor&FrancisGroup 52VanderbiltAvenue, NewYork,NY10017 ©2020byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC CRCPressisanimprintofTaylor&FrancisGroup,anInformabusiness NoclaimtooriginalU.S.Governmentworks Printedonacid-freepaper InternationalStandardBookNumber-13:978-1-138-33329-1(Hardback) Thisbookcontainsinformationobtainedfromauthenticandhighlyregardedsources.Reasonableeffortshave beenmadetopublishreliabledataandinformation,buttheauthorandpublishercannotassumeresponsibility forthevalidityofallmaterialsortheconsequencesoftheiruse.Theauthorsandpublishershaveattemptedto tracethecopyrightholdersofallmaterialreproducedinthispublicationandapologizetocopyrightholdersif permissiontopublishinthisformhasnotbeenobtained.Ifanycopyrightmaterialhasnotbeen acknowledgedpleasewriteandletusknowsowemayrectifyinanyfuturereprint. ExceptaspermittedunderU.S.CopyrightLaw,nopartofthisbookmaybereprinted,reproduced, transmitted,orutilizedinanyformbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafter invented,includingphotocopying,microfilming,andrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrieval system,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublishers. Forpermissiontophotocopyorusematerialelectronicallyfromthiswork,pleaseaccesswww.copyright.com (www.copyright.com/)orcontacttheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.(CCC),222RosewoodDrive,Danvers, MA01923,978-750-8400.CCCisanot-for-profitorganizationthatprovideslicensesandregistrationfora varietyofusers.FororganizationsthathavebeengrantedaphotocopylicensebytheCCC,aseparatesystem ofpaymenthasbeenarranged. TrademarkNotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregisteredtrademarks,andareused onlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintenttoinfringe. VisittheTaylor&FrancisWebsiteat www.taylorandfrancis.com andtheCRCPressWebsiteat www.crcpress.com Contents Preface .................................................................... vii AbouttheEditors............................................................ix Contributors ................................................................xi 1. ANewBiomarkerforAlzheimer’sBasedontheHippocampusImage ThroughtheEvaluationoftheSurfaceChargeDistribution ................... 1 AldoA.Belardi,FernandhodeO.Freitas,RodrigoP.Bechelli,and RodrigoG.G.Piva 2. IndependentVectorAnalysisofNon-NegativeImageMixtureModel forClinicalImageSeparation............................................. 17 D.Sugumar,P.T.Vanathi,Xiao-ZhiGao,FelixErdmannOtt,and M.S.AezhisaiVallavi 3. RationalizingofMorphologicalRenalParametersandeGFRforChronic KidneyDiseaseDetection................................................ 41 DeepthyMaryAlex,D.AbrahamChandy,andAnandPaul 4. HumanComputerInterfaceforNeurodegenerativePatientsUsing MachineLearningAlgorithms............................................ 51 S.Ramkumar,G.Emayavaramban,J.MacklinAbrahamNavamani,R.RenugaDevi, A.Prema,B.Booba,andP.Sriramakrishnan 5. SmartMobilitySystemforPhysicallyChallengedPeople.................... 67 S.Sundaramahalingam,B.V.Manikandan,K.Banumalar,andS.Arockiaraj 6. DHS:TheCognitiveCompanionforAssistedLivingoftheElderly ........... 77 R.Krithiga 7. RaspberryPiBasedCancerCellDetectionUsingSegmentationAlgorithm..... 85 S.Yogashri,S.Jayanthy,andC.Narendhar 8. AnAACCommunicationDeviceforPatientswithTotalParalysis............. 97 OshinR.JacobandSundarG.Naveen 9. CaseStudiesonMedicalDiagnosisUsingSoftComputingTechniques....... 105 MaryX.Anitha,LinaRose,AldrinKarunaharan,andAnandPushparajJ. 10. Alzheimer’sDiseaseClassificationUsingMachineLearningAlgorithms.......117 S.Naganandhini,P.Shanmugavadivu,A.Asaithambi,andM.Mohammed MansoorRoomi v vi Contents 11. FetalStandardPlaneDetectioninFreehandUltrasoundUsingMulti LayeredExtremeLearningMachine .......................................135 S.JayanthiSreeandC.Vasanthanayaki 12. EarlierPredictionofCardiovascularDiseaseUsingIoTandDeepLearning Approaches ............................................................143 R.SivaranjaniandN.Yuvaraj 13. AnalysisofHeartDiseasePredictionUsingVariousMachineLearning Techniques.............................................................157 M.Marimuthu,S.Deivarani,andR.Gayathri 14. Computer-AidedDetectionofBreastCanceronMammograms:Extreme LearningMachineNeuralNetworkApproach ..............................169 JayeshGeorgeM.andPerumalSankarS. 15. DeepLearningSegmentationTechniquesforCheckingtheAnomalies ofWhiteMatterHyperintensitiesinAlzheimer’sPatients....................183 AntonittaEileenPiousandSrideviUnni 16. InvestigationsonStabilizationandCompressionofMedicalVideos ..........189 D.RaveenaJudieDolly,D.J.Jagannath,andR.AnupRaveenJaison 17. AnAutomatedHybridMethodologyUsingFireflyBasedFuzzyClustering forDemarcationofTissueandTumorRegioninMagneticResonance BrainImages ...........................................................193 SaravananAlagarsamy,KartheebanKamatchi,andVishnuvarthananGovindaraj 18. ARiskAssessmentModelforAlzheimer’sDiseaseUsingFuzzy CognitiveMap..........................................................209 S.MeenakshiAmmalandL.S.Jayashree 19. ComparativeAnalysisofTexturePatternsfortheDetectionofBreast CancerUsingMammogramImages .......................................221 J.ShinyChristobelandJ.JoshanAthanesious 20. AnalysisofVariousColorModelsforEndoscopicImages....................229 CarenBabu,AnandPaul,andD.AbrahamChandy 21. AdaptiveFractalImageCodingUsingDifferentialSchemefor CompressingMedicalImages ............................................243 P.Chitra,M.MaryShanthiRani,andV.Sivakumar Index .....................................................................253 Preface In the last decade, a number of sophisticated and new clinical and medical image analysis techniques had been evolved that strides the society in every facet of it. This book provides an ideal reference for all the medical imaging researchers and profes- sionalstoexploretheirinnovativemethodsandanalysisonimagingtechnologiesforthe better prospective of patient care. The purpose of this compendium is to serve as an exclusive source for the new computer assisted clinical and medical developments in imaging diagnosis, intervention, and analysis. This book will also include articles on computer-assisted medical scanning techniques, computer-aided diagnosis, robotic sur- gery and imaging, imaging genomics, clinically oriented imaging physics and infor- matics, augmented-reality medical visualization, imaging modalities, computerized radiology, oncology, and surgery. Moreover, information on nonmedical imaging that has medical applications such as multiphoton microscopy and confocal, photoacoustic imaging, optical microendoscope, infrared radiation, and other imaging modalities would be welcomed. Each chapter in this book will provide annotations for all the medical and clinical imaging and fundamental advances of clinical and medical image analysis techniques. This book will be a good source for all the medical imaging and clinical research professionals, outstanding scientists, and educators from all around the world for network of knowledge sharing. This book will comprise high-quality disseminations of newideas,technologyfocus,researchresultsanddiscussionsontheevolutionofclinical and medical image analysis techniques for the benefit of both scientific and industrial developments. This book is devoted to the spreading of knowledge through the publication of scholarly research, primarily in the fields of clinical and medical imaging. The types of chapters consented include those that cover the development and imple- mentation of algorithms and strategies based on the use of geometrical, statistical, physical, functional to solve the following types of problems, using medical image datasets: visualization, feature extraction, segmentation, image-guided surgery and intervention, digital anatomical atlases, representation of pictorial data, statistical shape analysis, computational physiology, virtual and augmented reality for therapy planning and guidance, telemedicine with medical images, telepresence in medicine, and image- guided surgeries. vii About the Editors J. Dinesh Peter is currently working as associate professor, Depart- ment of Computer Science and Engineering at Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Prior to this, he was a full time research scholar at National Institute of Technology, Calicut, India, from where he received his Ph.D. in computer science and engineering. His research focus includes Big data, image proces- sing, and computer vision. He has several publications in various reputed international journals and conference papers which are widely referred to. He is a member of IEEE, MICCAI, Computer Society of India, and Institution of Engineers India and has served as session chairs and delivered plenary speeches for various international conferences and workshops. He has conducted many international conferences and been an editor for Springer proceedings and many special issues in journals. Steven Lawrence Fernandes is currently working as a postdoctoral researcher in the area of deep learning under the guidance of Prof. Sumit Kumar Jha at The University of Central Florida, USA. He also has postdoctoral research experience working at The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. He has his Ph.D. in computer vision and machine learning from Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. His Ph.D. work “Match CompositeSketchwithDroneImages”hasreceivedpatentnotification (Patent Application Number: 2983/CHE/2015) from Government of India, Controller General of Patents, Designs & Trade Marks. He has received the prestigious U.S. award from Society for Design and Process Science for his outstanding service contributions in the year 2017 and Young Scientist Award by Vision Group on Science and Technology, Government of Karnataka, India in the year 2014. He also received research grant from University of Houston Downtown, USA and The Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata, India. He has collaborated with various scientists, professors, researchers, and jointly published more than 50 research articles which are in Science Citation Indexed (SCI) Journals. Carlos Eduardo Thomaz holds a degree in electronic engineering from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (1993), a master’s degree in electrical engineering from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio deJaneiro (1999), a Ph.D. and a postdoctoraldegree incomputersciencefromImperialCollegeLondon(2005).Heisafull professor at FEI’s University Center. He has experience in the area of computer science, with emphasis on pattern recognition in statistics, working mainly in the following subjects: computational vision, computation in medical images, and biometrics. ix

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