Advances in CAD/CAM Workstations: Case Studies PDF
Preview Advances in CAD/CAM Workstations: Case Studies
ADVANCES IN CAD/CAM WORKSTATIONS OTHER BOOKS BY THE EDITOR: Advances in Engineering Data Handling: Case Studies, (Editor) Peter C. Wang, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1984. ISBN 0-89838-154-1. Advances in CAD/CAM: Cas-e Studies, (Editor) Peter C. Wang, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1984. ISBN 0-89838-157-6. ADVANCES IN CAD/CAM WORKSTATIONS Case Studies Edited by Peter C. C. Wang Automation Technology Institute, Inc. Pebble Beach, California KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS Boston/DordrechtiLancaster Distributors for North America: Kluwer Academic Publishers 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, Massachusetts 02043, USA Distributors for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers MTP Press Limited Falcon House, Queen Square Lancaster LAI IRN, UNITED KINGDOM Distributors for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Centre Post Office Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht, THE NETHERLANDS Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Main entry under title: Advances in CAD/CAM workstations. Papers presented at the ATI Feb. 1985 symposium on automation technology held in Monterey, Calif. Includes bibliographies. I. CAD/CAM systems. I. Wang, Peter C. C. TSI55.6.A383 1986 670' .285 85-19848 TSBN-13: 978-1-4612-9403-0 e-TSBN-13: 978-1-4613-2273-3 DOT: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2273-3 Copyright © 1986 by Kluwer Academic Publishers Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1986 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, Massachusetts 02043, USA. CONTENTS PREFACE vii 1. FLOCHART: A Solution to the Problem of Block Diagrams David A. Ackmann 2. Drawing Conversion: What? When? How? 11 Thomas E. Bailey, Jr. 3. CAD Migration to the PC Environment - Tomorrow's Low Cost Workstation 25 Robert T. Bannon 4. Advanced Systems Integration Management Via CAD Graphics 33 Robert T. Bannon 5. Developing a Cartographic Geo-Code System (CAGES) 45 Robert T. Bannon 6. CAD, CAM and GIS: Tools for Facilities Management and Planning 59 William G. Brodie 7. Managing a Distributed CAD/CAM System 71 Dale O. Christensen and Bryan L. Hill 8. The Impact of Geography and Distributed Data Collection on the Engineering of Army Telephone Systems World-Wide 79 Coy Correll 9. CIMPLEX: Bridging the Gap Between "Computer Aided .... " and Computer Integrated Manufacturing 83 Kenneth K. Dellenbach 10. The Impact of an Integrated Data Base on Automation in Mapping 95 William L. Folchi 11. Update of Mass Storage Systems from the User's Point of View 107 Jack K. Gingrich 12. Planning Precepts for CAD Instructional Design 117 Cecil L. Groves 13. A Structural Model of Creative Process for Improved Interface Design 127 Robin G. King 14. Navy CAD/CAM 145 Captain John F. Leahy, III 15. Personal Workstations for CAD/CAM Applications 155 Robert W. Lingard 16. Computer Graphics from the Graphic Design Perspective 165 Aaron Marcus 17. The Digital Mapping Program of the U.S. Geological Survey 173 Alan M. Mikuni vi 18. Automatic Scanning and Data Processing for CAD and Archival Systems 185 William Pferd, III 19. The Role of Human Factors in Introducing Graphic Artists to Computer Graphics 199 Betsy A. Riley 20. Graphic Standards: Status & Impact 209 Barry J. Shepherd 21. Graphic Related Standards 215 Barry J. Shepherd 22. Considerations for Establishing a Distributed Computer Graphics Mapping System 225 Larry D. Sieck 23. The Marriage Between CAD/CAM Systems and Robotics 229 Richard L. Simon 24. A Look at Technical Documentation Automation and Its Place in Distributed Data Base Information Systems 249 Richard C. Sisman 25. Successful Business Computer Graphics 265 Susan W. Ulicny PREFACE To understand what we know and be aware of what is to be known is a necessary approach to treating CAD/CAM issues. The challenge for all of us interested in CAD/CAM and engineering data handling is to under stand what we know and what we need to know about today's and tomorrow's technology, to track the explosive development of our field and its broadening range of applications, to sort through the details which compete for our attention, and to perceive underlying trends. A key development in the past year was the rapid and widespread acceptance by all user segments of personal computer-based CAD/CAM workstations, coupled with widespread use of software packages, both those developed for PC-based workstations and others converted from main frame and mini systems for use on PC-based or 32-bit workstations. If this trend continues for a few more years, as much as 900/0 of all design work may be accomplished on advanced versions of PC-based workstations. Many software systems vendors unknown until recently to the PC-based CAD/CAM community have now come to dominate the market-companies such as Autodesk, Chessell-Robocom, Future Net, T&W Systems, P-CAD, Cascade, 4-D Graphics, CADAM, Wang & Hornbuckle, and more than 20 other companies who sell PC-based CAD/CAM software. The 25 papers in this book describe applications ranging from electrical, mechanical and architec tural uses to solids modeling, finite element analysis and simulations. Most of the papers were presented at the ATI February 1985 Symposium on Automation Technology in Monterey, California. Similar symposia will be held in future years on topics related to general CAD/CAM and engineering data handling issues, and to other issues arising from applications of the technology, often in DoD environments-applications as seen in EDCARS, DSREDS and CAEDOS. The symposia and the books in this series represent AT I's effort to bring forth some of the most important and critical issues in this field from the user's point of view. The symposia feature presentations by experienced professionals, and the books contain case studies of problems and solutions devised by practitioners. Because of the enormous potential impact on management and productivity advancement of CAD/CAM applications, documentation of the experiences of leading users, and coordinated reporting of these to others, can be of utmost importance. The outstanding contributions presented here should help us understand what we know and help us become aware of what is to be known. I am deeply grateful to the authors of these papers, without whose dedicated work this volume would not have been possible. I hope this book will be of use in carrying their views to wider audiences, and in sharpening the thinking of us all about this remarkable and profoundly important field. Peter Cheng-Chao Wang, Ph.D. Editor Automation Technology Institute P.O. Box 242 Pebble Beach, CA 93953, U.S.A. ADVANCES IN CAD/CAM WORKSTATIONS 1 FLOCHART: A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF BLOCK DIAGRAMS David A. Ackmann Monsanto Company 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard St. Louis, Missouri 63167 U.S.A. Abstract A graphics program has been developed to aid in the creation of block diagrams. Such diagrams are useful as organization charts, process of infor mation flow diagrams, pictographs, and in several other areas. The Monsanto system, "FLOCHART", allows the user to describe the desired output in a simple, flexible procedural language. The language allows shapes (polygons) to be placed anywhere on the page, and allows them to be of any color, size, or angle. Definitions for shapes ranging from a circle to an ear of corn are stored in libraries which can be enhanced by the user. Shapes can be con nected easily. Text is also supported. FLOCHART is a FORTRAN program built around DISSPLA and is running under CMS and MVS. The system has proven to be very easy to learn, yet powerful enough for sophisticated usage. 1. INTRODUCTION "Do you mean that you can't do a simple organizat.ion chart?" I had given the answer to that question about the graphics packages available at Monsanto many times. It seemed that block diagrams were in as much demand as bar charts or X/Y plots. I had tried to coerce TELLAGRAF with the "message" feature. I had experimented with its "text blocks". Nothing was really satisfactory. I did produce one good drawing with DISSPLA, but the cost of writing the FORTRAN program was not worth the final plot. SAS/GRAPH, GDM, and ICU were no help at all. I had to come up with a solution. So I did. Monsanto now has a graphics package called "FLOCHART" which can create organization charts quickly and easily. It can also create picto graphs. It has been used to create process and information flow diagrams. FLOCHART has even been applied in forms design and for general purpose car toons (a cartoon is defined as a single shape intended to provide focus or emphasis in a presentation). Some samples of its output are shown in the first four figures. 2 A fLOCHART SAMPLE COLOR BLACK TEXTURE SOLID O '---I SIZE 1.0 CIRCLE 1 2 MURRAY I TEXTURE DASHED --~ SIZE 1.5 . I I SQUARE 3 2 CUMOUAT '--___ -I CONNECT MURRAY CUMQUAT ARROW TEXT 2 4 'A fLOCHART SAMPLE' END Figure 1. A FLOCHART Sample Organization Chart Figure 2. FLOCHART Produces Organization Charts
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