Advanced Simulation of Alternative Energy: Simulation with Simulink® and SimPowerSystems™

315 Pages·2020·27.06 MB·English

by  Viktor M. Perelmuter

Advanced Simulation
of Alternative Energy

Advanced Simulation
of Alternative Energy
Simulation with Simulink®
and SimPowerSystems™
Viktor M. Perelmuter
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First edition published 2020
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Contents
Preface ......................................................................................................................ix
About the Author ................................................................................................xiii
1. SimPowerSystems Blocks and Units Used for Simulation of the
Renewable Energy Systems ..........................................................................1
1.1 Standard Blocks .....................................................................................1
1.1.1 Electrical Sources .....................................................................1
1.1.2 Loads, Impedances, and Transformers .................................2
1.1.3 Transmission Lines, Filters, and Breakers ............................4
1.1.4 Power Electronic Devices and Circuits .................................8
1.1.5 Electric Generators .................................................................15
1.1.6 Powergui .................................................................................20
1.1.7 Control and Measuring Blocks ............................................23
1.2 Advanced Devices and Units ............................................................26
1.2.1 Batteries and Supercapacitors ..............................................26
1.2.2 Power Converters ...................................................................29
1.2.3 Multiphase Electric Generators............................................36
1.2.3.1 Six-Phase IG.............................................................36
1.2.3.2 Six-Phase SG ............................................................41
1.2.3.3 Nine-Phase SG ........................................................44
1.2.3.4 Six-Phase PMSG......................................................51
References .......................................................................................................54
2. Wind Generator System Simulation .........................................................57
2.1 Fundamentals ......................................................................................57
2.2 Modeling Wind Shear and Tower Shadow Effect ..........................66
2.3 Active Damping Simulation ..............................................................69
2.4 System Inertia Support .......................................................................73
2.5 Synchronverter Simulation ................................................................77
2.6 Wind Turbines with Multiphase Generators ..................................81
2.7 Offshore Wind Park with Series-Connected
Generators ............................................................................................90
2.8 Simulation of Two-Terminal Offshore Wind Park .........................99
2.9 Direct Power Control of VSI-Gr ......................................................102
References .....................................................................................................105
3. Photovoltaic Energy Sources ....................................................................107
3.1 Fundamentals ....................................................................................107
3.2 Simulation of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems ..................111
vii
viii Contents
3.3 Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems with Cascaded
H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters .........................................................117
3.4 PV Island Operation .........................................................................124
References .....................................................................................................134
4. Fuel Cell and Microturbine Simulation ................................................137
4.1 Simulation of the Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers .............................137
4.2 Microturbine Simulation ..................................................................152
References .....................................................................................................170
5. Hydro and Marine Power Plants .............................................................173
5.1 River Hydro Stations ........................................................................173
5.2 Ocean Wave Energy Conversion .....................................................179
5.2.1 Point Absorber ......................................................................179
5.2.2 Oscillating Water Columns ................................................199
5.3 Ocean Tide Energy ............................................................................217
5.3.1 Tidal Power Plant Simulation .............................................217
5.3.2 Tidal Current Plant Simulation ..........................................223
5.4 Pumped Storage Hydropower ........................................................229
References .....................................................................................................247
6. Hybrid System Simulation .......................................................................251
6.1 Plants with Diesel Generators .........................................................251
6.2 Hybrid Systems with FC ..................................................................267
6.3 Microgrid Simplified Simulation ....................................................277
References .....................................................................................................282
List of the Appended Models ..........................................................................283
Index .....................................................................................................................289
Preface
Renewable sources of the electrical energy (RES) today are the mainstream
in electrical engineering. A lot of engineers, scientists, and practitioners are
engaged in the development, research, commissioning, and maintenance
of RESs. The availability of modern and effective methods of mathemati-
cal modeling of such systems can significantly simplify and accelerate the
execution of these works.
Creating the modern RES is a multidisciplinary task, which requires the
involvement of specialists from various branches of knowledge. However, in
general, the creation of modern RES is impossible without utilization of the
latest achievements of electrical engineering, first of all, systems and meth-
ods of power electronics.
The set of SimPowerSystemsTM blocks, which is included in the MATLAB®/
Simulink® programming environment, is intended to simulate various
electrical systems: industrial electronics, electrical machines, electrical
drives, production and distribution of the electric energy, etc. The use of
SimPowerSystems greatly facilitates the creation of models of electrical
objects. On its basis, as well as using Simulink® blocks, it is possible to cre-
ate models of new, perspective electrical devices, which are under develop-
ment. All this causes the popularity of models Simulink/SimPowerSystems.
It should be noted that the name of this set of blocks changed in different
versions of MATLAB®, and in R2019 it is called Electrical/Specialized Power
Systems, but we will keep the former name for succession.
There are several books on RES simulation issues. In 2016, CRC Press
published the book of the author, V. Perelmuter, Renewable Energy Systems;
Simulation with Simulink® and SimPowerSystemsTM, in which the problems of
simulation of various wind generators (WGs), as well as systems with batter-
ies, photovoltaic (PV) systems, the systems with fuel cells (FCs), microturbines,
and some hydroelectric systems were considered. The peculiarity of this
book is that about 150 models of renewable energy sources were appended to
the book, which were developed with the use of SimPowerSystems. The aims
of these models are as follows: to help in studying SimPowerSystems; to help
in studying the various electrical engineering fields, such as industrial elec-
tronics, electrical machines, electrical drives, production and distribution of
the electrical energy, etc.; to facilitate understanding of various renewable
energy system functions; and to help readers as a basis for developing their
own systems in these fields.
But since the renewable sources of the electric energy are, as before, in the
center of the scientific investigations and thousands of the articles and con-
ference papers appear every year, many of which contain very interesting
ideas and industrial elaborations, it seems appropriate to continue work on
ix