Advanced Respiratory Critical Care PDF
Preview Advanced Respiratory Critical Care
OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS Advanced Respiratory Critical Care 00-Hughes-FM.indd i 8/11/2011 5:50:20 PM Oxford Specialist Handbooks published and forthcoming General Oxford Specialist End of Life Care in the Intensive Handbooks Care Unit A Resuscitation Room Guide Addiction Medicine Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Perioperative Medicine, Neurology Second Edition Epilepsy Post-Operative Complications, Parkinson’s Disease and Other Second edition Movement Disorders Stroke Medicine Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Anaesthesia Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Cardiac Anaesthesia Paediatrics General Thoracic Anaesthesia Paediatric Endocrinology Neuroanaesthesia and Diabetes Obstetric Anaesthesia Paediatric Dermatology Paediatric Anaesthesia Paediatric Gastroenterology, Regional Anaesthesia, Stimulation Hepatology, and Nutrition and Ultrasound Techniques Paediatric Haematology and Thoracic Anaesthesia Oncology Paediatric Nephrology Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Paediatric Neurology Cardiology Paediatric Radiology Adult Congenital Heart Disease Paediatric Respiratory Medicine Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Intervention Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Cardiovascular Computed Psychiatry Tomography Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Cardiovascular Imaging Old Age Psychiatry Echocardiography Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Fetal Cardiology Radiology Heart Disease in Pregnancy Interventional Radiology Heart Failure Musculoskeletal Imaging Hypertension Inherited Cardiac Disease Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Nuclear Cardiology Surgery Pacemakers and ICDs Cardiothoracic Surgery Hand Surgery Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Hepato-pancreatobiliary Surgery Critical Care Oral Maxillo Facial Surgery Advanced Respiratory Critical Care Neurosurgery Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Operative Surgery, Second Edition End of Life Care Otolaryngology and Head and Neck End of Life Care in Cardiology Surgery End of Life Care in Dementia Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery End of Life Care in Nephrology Surgical Oncology End of Life Care in Respiratory Urological Surgery Disease Vascular Surgery 00-Hughes-FM.indd ii 8/11/2011 5:50:20 PM Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Critical Care Advanced Respiratory Critical Care Edited by Martin Hughes Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine Royal Infi rmary, Glasgow, UK Roland Black Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital Exeter, UK 1 00-Hughes-FM.indd iii 8/11/2011 5:50:20 PM 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Oxford University Press 2011 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by Cenveo, Bangalore, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Ashford Colour Press Ltd, Gosport, Hampshire ISBN 978–0–19–956928–1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breast-feeding. 00-Hughes-FM.indd iv 8/11/2011 5:50:20 PM v Preface Respiratory disease is the most common reason for admission to intensive care, and advanced respiratory support is one of the most frequently used interventions in critically ill patients. A clear understanding of respiratory disease is the cornerstone of high quality intensive care. Although a plethora of literature is available, both in print and online, fi nding the necessary relevant information can be diffi cult and time con- suming. This handbook provides comprehensive clinical detail in an easily readable format. It is written by practising clinicians and has both in-depth theoretical discussion and practical management advice. The book is divided into sections • Section 1 deals with the approach to the patient with respiratory failure – including pathophysiology, investigation, and diagnosis • Section 2 covers non-invasive treatment modalities • Sections 3 and 4 examine invasive ventilation in detail. Section 3 considers the principles of mechanical ventilation while section 4 deals with individual ventilator modes • Section 5 discusses the management of the ventilated patient including sedation, monitoring, asynchrony, heart – lung interaction, hypercapnia and hypoxia, complications, weaning and extubation. It also has chapters on areas less frequently covered such as humidifi cation, suction, tracheal tubes and principles of physiotherapy • Section 6 is a comprehensive breakdown of each respiratory condition seen in ICU. This book is designed to bridge the gap between Intensive Care starter texts and all-encompassing reference textbooks. It is aimed at consultants and senior trainees in Intensive Care Medicine, senior ICU nursing staff, consultants in other specialties and allied healthcare professionals who have an interest in advanced respiratory critical care. 00-Hughes-FM.indd v 8/11/2011 5:50:21 PM This page intentionally left blank vii Acknowledgements The editors would like to acknowledge Dr Rajkumar Rajendram, Departments of General Medicine and Intensive Care, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, as a reviewer 00-Hughes-FM.indd vii 8/11/2011 5:50:21 PM This page intentionally left blank ix Contents Contributors xi S ymbols and abbreviations xvii 1 Approach to the patient with respiratory failure 1 2 N on-invasive treatment modalities 73 3 Invasive ventilation basics 101 4 Invasive ventilation modes 129 5 The ventilated patient 209 6 Treatment of specifi c diseases 369 I ndex 573 00-Hughes-FM.indd ix 8/11/2011 5:50:21 PM
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