Advanced nanomaterials and nanotechnology : proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Dec 8-10, 2011, Guwahati, India

228 Pages·2011·3.46 MB·English

by  A Perumal

N A
anoparticles and nano-sized materials created by nanotechnology
d
(NT) have been considered unique and sole solution to overcome the
v
limitations of other technologies and widen their applications. Although a
n
these materials have been widely used in environmental technology (ET),
c
most of environmental applications of nanoparticles were limited to the e
fabrication of nano-sensors for the detection of volatile organic s

compounds (VOC) and as nano-sized catalysts for air purification systems. i
n
So, the use of nanoparticles for the direct removal of pollutants from
N
contaminated soil and wastewater has been seldom reported. However,
a
environmental processes for soil remediation, wastewater treatment, n
and air purification strongly need innovative new materials to o
t
highly improve their performance and efficiency. The demand e
for materials created by NT in ET is, therefore, stronger than ever. c
h
n
This book presents the possible applications of nano-sized materials in
o
all environmental processes, providing the most reliable guideline so l
o
far for the selection of nanomaterials to improve the efficiency
g
of environmental processes. It focuses on designing specific
y
nanomaterials for environmental processes and pollutants. It presents
a
the impact and influence of nanomaterials on the environment and discusses n
d
how to avoid causing secondary contamination by the use of nanomaterials.
t
The book provides proper information about nanomaterials for potential h
e
users who will use and apply nanomaterials in ET.
E
n
v
Juyoung Kim completed his PhD on the synthesis of i
r
amphiphilic polymeric networks and their applications in o
1996 under the supervision of Prof. Kyungdo Suh at Hanyang n
m
University, South Korea. He undertook a postdoctoral
fellowship with Prof. Claude Cohen at Cornell University e Advances
from 1996 to 1998. He then began an academic career as n
t
Assistant Professor of Advanced Materials Department
at Samcheok National University, South Korea, and was
promoted in 2010 to Full Professor with tenure. He has Nanotechnology
in
published 70 peer-reviewed journal publications and 7
patents. Currently, his research focuses on the synthesis J
u
of core-crosslinked amphiphilic polymer nanoparticles y
using various amphiphilic reactive oligomers and o Environment
u and the
bridged organosilica precursor containing amphiphilic n
g
polymer chains and their applications for target drug

K
delivery, in vivo oxygen-sensing nanoparticles, and
im
antimicrobial nanocarriers.
Edited by
Juyoung Kim
V031
ISBN-978-981-4241-55-7
90000
9789814241557

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CRC Press
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Contents
Preface
vii
Chapter 1 Amphiphilic Organic Nanoparticles as Nano-
Juyoung Kim
Absorbent for Pollutants 1
Chapter 2 Use of Amphiphilic Cross-Linked Polymer
Nanoparticles Containing Anionic Hydrophilic
Segments for Enhanced Desorption of
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) From
Juyoung Kim
Aquifer Soil 17
Chapter 3 Use of Amphiphilic Nonionic Polymer
Nanoparticles for Removal of Hydrophobic
Juyoung Kim
Pollutants from Soil 45
Chapter 4 Adsorption and Concentration of Organic
Contaminants by Carbon Nanotubes from
Hongyun Niu and Yaqi Cai
Environmental Samples 79
Chapter 5 Efficient Removal of Organic Pollutants and Metal
Jin Kie Shim
Ions Using Amphiphilic Polymer Nanoparticle 137
Chang Hyun Lee
Chapter 6 Nanoparticles for Fuel Cell Applications 159
Chapter 7 The Occurrence, Behavior, and Effects of
Bernd Nowack
Engineered Nanomaterials in the Environment 183
Index
219
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Preface
Compared with conventional technologies and sciences, the
development of nanoscience and nanotechnology dealing with
the synthesis and characterization of nanostructure materials has
been quite rapid and intensive, while also unprecedented. Now
the technologies based on nanoscience and nanotechnology are
exerting a profound and strong impact on every field of conventional
technology and science.
Science and technology in the 21st century are evolving in
four major directions: environmental technology, information
technology, biotechnology, and nanotechnology. Technologies
created and advanced by these four disciplines have continuously
had an impact on daily life. Drug delivery systems, vaccines,
animal cloning, genetically modified organisms, fuel cells, solar
cells, electroluminescence devices, flexible displays, wireless
telecommunications, World Wide Web, and so on, were created and
brought to us by these technologies. There is no doubt that because
of these four pillars of technology, humankind will experience an
unprecedented technology-based life.
The role of nanotechnology in advanced modern technologies
is to provide materials as breakthrough and to materialize
technology, and these materials have been considered the unique
and sole solution to the limitations of other technologies and a
means of widening their applications. Therefore, nanoparticles
and nano-sized materials—such as nano-imprinting materials,
nano-lithography materials, nano-sized sensors, as well as nano-
sized detectors for biomolecules in DNA assay, immunoassay, and
cell bio-imaging—have been widely used in biotechnology and
information technology. However, little has been reported about the
application of nanoparticles in environmental technology and about
their influence on the environment. Most of the environmental
applications of nanoparticles have been limited to the fabrication
of nano-sensors for VOC detection and nano-sized catalysts for air
purification systems. The use of nanoparticles for the direct removal
of pollutants from the contaminated soil and wastewater has been
viii Preface
seldom reported. Environmental processes for soil remediation,
wastewater treatment, and air purification strongly need innovative
new materials to improve their performance and efficiency. Hence, the
demand for materials created by nanotechnology in environmental
technology is ever stronger than before.
This book presents the possible applications of nano-sized
materials in environmental processes. It is by far the most reliable
guideline for the selection of nanomaterials to improve the efficiency
of environmental processes and for designing nanomaterials
for specific environmental processes and pollutants. The impact
of nanomaterials on the environment has also been discussed
in the book to help avoid causing secondary contamination by
use of nanomaterials and to provide proper information about
nanomaterials to potential users who wish to use and apply them in
environmental technology.
Chapter 1
AmphiphiliC OrgAniC
NaNoparticles as NaNo-
AbsOrbents fOr pOllutAnts
Juyoung Kim
Department of Advanced Materials Engineering,
Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Kangwon 245-711,
South Korea
[email protected]
Environmental engineers have invented very large numbers of
processes and devices for removal of pollutants from various water
phases and soils. Recently, material engineers and environmental
engineers have begun fusing their technologies to improve efficiency
of environmental process. Material engineers found new applications
of their materials, at the same time environmental engineers could
enhance performance of their processes by just adding materials
without big modification in the process (technically no modification).
Users and engineers keep trying to find magical materials that can
improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of their environmental
engineering process by just adding small amount of magical
materials. That is, antifouling agent, coagulants (aluminum sulphate,
ferrous sulphate, ferric chloride, polyelectrolyte), sedimentation,
activated carbon, surfactants, microorganism, etc., have been used
for enhancing efficiency of environmental process, which is running
in real field [1–3].
Advances in Nanotechnology and the Environment
Edited by Juyoung Kim
Copyright © 2012 by Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.
www.panstanford.com